JLJames Muller at Chartwell (photo by Ragnwald Muller)FRIENDS OF 1CSthan just the subjects he wroteabout. <strong>Churchill</strong>'s writings showhis development as a statesman;they provide insights into his character;and they give the reader abetter understanding of politics."I find <strong>Churchill</strong> a better guideto understanding political historyand political questions than mostpolitical scientists who don't havethe kind of experience he has andwho are more likely to have theirwork polluted by bad theories,which <strong>Churchill</strong> was very innocentof," Muller says. "<strong>Churchill</strong> basedhis political understanding verymuch on his understanding of menand events, which he studied witha discerning eye.The bright academic cast of <strong>Churchill</strong> Society events past,present and future is owed in large degree to NorthAmerican academic advisory panel chairman, ProfessorJames W. Muller of the University of Alaska Anchorage,who sees <strong>Churchill</strong> first and foremost as a writer.BY SHELLY SANDERFORD, UAA SCIARTSPHOTO COURTESY RANGNALD MULLERAS a young graduate studentat Harvard, JamesMuller would sometimesplay hooky from writing his dissertationon Montesquieu. Needing abreak from the 18th century politicalphilosopher, he began readingthe 20th century works of <strong>Winston</strong><strong>Churchill</strong>. <strong>Churchill</strong>'s essay "FiftyYear Hence," written in 1932, fascinatedMuller because it was composedalmost exactly fifty years before,and the author describes testtube babies and nuclear weaponsand contemplates their effects onthe future of politics. (Available for$10 from ICS Stores, address p. 2.)That was ten years ago, butMuller, a political science professorat UAA, is still fascinated by<strong>Churchill</strong>'s books. Muller wasdrawn to <strong>Churchill</strong>'s writings becausethey grappled with politicalphilosophy in a practical andunique way. Now he is writing abook that gazes back at <strong>Churchill</strong>'scareer and settles on his writingsas its locus. Muller calls his book acomprehensive introduction to<strong>Churchill</strong>'s writing. "<strong>Churchill</strong>'sbooks are not studied enough,'Muller says, "not even by peoplewho study <strong>Churchill</strong>."After delving into <strong>Churchill</strong>'shistories, biographies, autobiographies,philosophical treatises andhis one novel (Savrola), Mullerconcluded there was more to learnfrom the British leader's books"<strong>Churchill</strong> really begins withthe common sense understandingof a citizen and deepens it byadding the political understandingof a statesman, then rises abovethat by adding the curiosity andcontemplation of somebody with aphilosophical bent of mind. Iwouldn't say he was a philosopher,but he did philosophize at least insome ways and up to a point.That's quite unusual for a politician.Indeed it is quite unusual foranyone."Shortly after getting his Ph.D.in political science from Harvardin 1982, Muller came to UAA toteach political science. He servedas the chair of the Department ofPolitical Science from 1986 to1988.<strong>FINEST</strong> <strong>HOUR</strong> 88/12
"There are secrets too mysterious for manin his present state to know; secrets which oncepenetrated may be fatal to human happinessand glory. But the busy hands of the scientistsare already fumbling with the keys of all thechambers hitherto forbidden to mankind."Without an equal growth of Mercy, Pity,Peace and Love, Science herself may destroyall that makes life majestic and tolerable."<strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong>, "Fifty Years Hence" (1932)Sitting in his office, Muller explainswhat readers will learnfrom his book that they won'tlearn from historian MartinGilbert's eight-volume official biography,which Muller both read andadmired. "Gilbert doesn't treat<strong>Churchill</strong> primarily as a writer,"Muller says, pointing to a shelf of<strong>Churchill</strong>'s works. "If you read mybook, you'll find out what his favoriteChampagne was and a fewother odd sorts of things, but thefocus is on what he wrote."Muller has titled his book TheEducation of <strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong>, areference not only to the education<strong>Churchill</strong> gives his readersthrough his books, but also to theunconventional way he learnedabout politics. "Every time<strong>Churchill</strong> wanted to get right tothe bottom of a political questionhe thought was very important, hewould sit down and write a bookabout it," Muller says.<strong>Churchill</strong> wrote over forty books(comprising sixty-four volumes),more than 500 articles and hundredsof uncollected speeches andstate papers. In all, he wrote morethan eight million words.But it is the quality of his writings,not the quantity, that luresMuller. "I don't think you have todrag yourself to your chair to beginreading them," Muller says."They're always exciting and colorful.He uses the English languagebeautifully." <strong>Churchill</strong> won theNobel Prize for literature in 1953,five years after the release of hissix-volume The Second World War— not for that work alone but forhis literary totality.<strong>Churchill</strong> may have writtenbooks better to understand politics,but, conversely, his vast politicalexperience helped him understandhistory, adding depth anduniqueness to his books. At varioustimes in his life he was a soldier,journalist, President of theBoard of Trade, Member of Parliament,First Lord of the Admiralty,Minister of Munitions, Secretaryof State for War and Air, Chancellorof the Exchequer, and, ofcourse, twice Prime Minister.One of his most significant andambitious works is a mammoth biographyof John <strong>Churchill</strong>, Dukeof Marlborough, his ancestor. "Hewas the <strong>Churchill</strong> for whom agrateful country built this amazingpalace called Blenheim,"Muller says. The estate wasnamed after the village in Germanywhere the Duke won hisgreat victory against the Frenchand Bavarians in 1704.The eminent 19th century historianThomas Macaulay had condemnedMarlborough for beingscheming and avaricious. "<strong>Churchill</strong>was put off from writing thebiography of Marlborough becausehe was afraid his ancestor wasn'treally a very admirable character,"says Muller. But <strong>Churchill</strong> discoveredMacaulay's view of historywas often one sided. Marlborough:His Life and Times is <strong>Churchill</strong>'sdefense of his great ancestor andillustrates <strong>Churchill</strong>'s approach towriting."He began to visit the battlefields,"Muller says. "He also hireda number of bright young Oxfordgraduate students as research assistants.What these trained historiansfound was that they could goand read lots of books on the periodand on the characters involvedand so on, but when theytalked about it to <strong>Churchill</strong>, itturned out he understood the politicalsituation much better thanthey did. The reason was that hehad so much experience in politics."And so <strong>Churchill</strong> could graspthe situation in a way that wasn'timmediately obvious to people whodid not have as much experiencein history. And often his interpretationof what had happened wasquite original."<strong>Churchill</strong> reinvestigated all thepolitical disputes that Marlboroughwas involved in and reanalyzedhis motives, and althoughMarlborough was concerned aboutsupporting his family, he wasn'tcorrupt and moneygrubbing, asMacaulay had thought, and hewas genuinely concerned withBritain and defeating France."During the 1988-89 academicyear, Muller took a sabbatical tobe an academic visitor in the Departmentof Government at theLondon School of Economics andPolitical Science. Naturally, hetoured as many <strong>Churchill</strong> landmarksas he could and took alonghis bride. "Judith says she had awedding trip with two men. Meand <strong>Winston</strong> <strong>Churchill</strong>."<strong>FINEST</strong> <strong>HOUR</strong> 88/13