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The geographical distribution of animals, with a study of the relations ...

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CHAP. X.] THE PAL^ARCTIC REGION. 225Omental Genera— continued.TimaliiDjE— (continued).Pomatorhinus.Suthora.Panurid^:.Paradoxornis.ClNCLID^.Enicurus.Myiophonus.TrOGLODYTID^E.Pnoepyga.Liotrichid^e.Liothrix.Yuhina.Pteruthius.Pycnonotid^e.Microscelis.Pycnonotus.Hypsipetes.Campephagid.e.Pericrocotus.Dicruridje.Dicrurus.Chibia.Buchanga.Muscicapid^e.Xanthopygia.Niltava.Tchitrea.CoRyiD^;.Urocissa.Nectarineid^;.^Ethopyga.MOTACILLID.E.Nemoricola.DicjEID.e.Zosterops.Fringillid^e.Melophus.Pyrgilauda.Ploceid.e.Munia.Sturnid^e.Acrido<strong>the</strong>res.Sturnia.Pittid.e.Pitta.PlCID^E.Vivia.Yungipicus.Gecinus.CoRACIlDiF.Eurystomus.AlCEDINIDjE.Halcyon.Ceryle.Ufupid^e.Upupa.PsiTTACID^E.Palseornis.CoLUMBID-E.Treron.Ianthsenas.Macropygia.Phasianid^e.Phasianus.Ceriornis.Strigid^e.Scops.In <strong>the</strong> above lists <strong>the</strong>re are ra<strong>the</strong>r more Oriental than Palaearcticgenera ; but it must be remembered that most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>former are summer migrants only, or stragglers just entering <strong>the</strong>sub-region; whereas <strong>the</strong> great majority <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> latter are permanentresidents, and a large proportion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m range over <strong>the</strong>greater part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Manchurian district. Many <strong>of</strong> those in <strong>the</strong>Oriental column should perhaps be omitted, as we have no exactdetermination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir range, and <strong>the</strong> limits <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> regions arevery uncertain.It must be remembered, too, that <strong>the</strong> Palsearcticgenera <strong>of</strong> Sylviida?, Paridoe, and Fringillidae, are <strong>of</strong>ten representedby numerous species, whereas <strong>the</strong> corresponding Oriental generahave for <strong>the</strong> most part only single species ; and we shall <strong>the</strong>nfind that, except towards <strong>the</strong> borders <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Oriental region <strong>the</strong>Palaearctic element is strongly predominant. Four <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> moreespecially Oriental groups are confined to Japan, <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn

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