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3.3 Radical Feminism 653.4 Post-modern/post-structuralist approach. 683.5 Social constructionism – a complementary perspective 693.6 Conclusions 71Chapter 4 Methodology 724.1 Introduction to chapter 724.2 An overview 734.3 Why listen to stories? 744.4 Researcher interest in narrative and links to methodology 754.5 Theoretical position of narrative analysis - introduction 794.6 What is Biographic Narrative Interpretative Method (BNIM)? 794.7.1 What is Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)? 804.7.2 Philosophical and methodological foundations and links 804.7.3 What is Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis? 824.8 Traditional thematic analysis and IPA - the difference 824.9 Validity of IPA to the research question 86Chapter 5 Method 875.1 Sampling strategy 875.2 Sample size: 905.3 Participants 915.4 Mayer, Salovey and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test 925.5 Rationale and procedure at T1 - part 1 of the first interviews 945.6 Rationale and procedure at T1 – part 2 of interviews 975.7 Kick-start panel 995.8 T2 Interviews – interviews three years later 1015.9 T1 Method of analysis overview 1065.9.1 T1 process of BNIM lived life – told story analysis 1075.9.2 T1 process of IPA analysis: case subordinate themes 1095.9.3 T1 process of IPA analysis: master themes 1105.10 T2 - BNIM analysis 1115.11 T2 - IPA analysis 1115.12 Validity and reflexivity 1115.12.1 Post-positivist validity 1125.12.2 Constructivist or interpretive validity 1135.12.3 Critical perspective: 1145.12.4 Yardley’s principles 115Chapter 6 T1 Findings 1186.1 Introduction to findings 1186.2 Case study 1: Tina – three halves of a life 1206.2.1 Summary of Tina’s Lived and Told Story. 122iv
Page 1: OpenAIR@RGUThe Open Access Institut
Page 5: AcknowledgementsI would like to war
Page 9 and 10: 7.3.1 Recap of first interview and
Page 11 and 12: Lists of TablesTable 1 Hakim's (200
Page 13 and 14: List of AppendicesAppendix 1 Consen
Page 15 and 16: interpretation of women’s experie
Page 17 and 18: (ii) Research aims and objectivesTh
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1Are we nearly there yet?1.
Page 21 and 22: ...in full-time and part-time emplo
Page 23 and 24: Realistically, there are few condit
Page 25 and 26: position in the same grade on retur
Page 27 and 28: employees or design effective polic
Page 29 and 30: individual’s psychological contra
Page 31 and 32: maternity leave part-time), as anyt
Page 33 and 34: A different worldA world exists, wh
Page 35 and 36: WOMEN’S PERSPECTIVE1.10 Women in
Page 37 and 38: specifically at working mothers wri
Page 39 and 40: this legislation face a restricted
Page 41 and 42: (2004) whose sample consisted of 15
Page 43 and 44: were asked about how they could con
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 2The meaning of career and
Page 47 and 48: objective career - that which is pe
Page 49 and 50: necessarily separated from family a
Page 51 and 52: Transition stages (Nicholson 1986)I
Page 53 and 54: it is interesting to note that ‘d
Page 55 and 56: consciousnesses’. The humanistic
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(2002) was distinctive in its posit
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Further support for this type of ty
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wants to work, her typology can be
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Although to an untrained statistica
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solely because of their contracted
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Once again, the notion of agency ne
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(1989) regeneration, to move toward
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and responsibility, as well as an i
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elevant to an understanding of wome
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20 years since Calas and Smirchich
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away from patriarchal ways of knowi
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stance embedded within organisation
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3.6 ConclusionsThe current research
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4.2 An overviewThe driving force be
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conceived ideas and assumptions. Th
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offered above suggests a logical li
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in a free associative or biographic
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theory, which is more interested in
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case comparisons. In the current re
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alanceinductive (bottom up)‘epoch
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Chapter 5Method5.1 Sampling strateg
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childbirth. In the UK, a woman is l
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With regards to BNIM PhDs, Wengraf
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nonetheless part of the research pr
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argues that the power dynamics can
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5.6 Rationale and procedure at T1 -
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captured in the Literature Review a
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Reflection: At both the BNIM worksh
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• Level One: Individual level - r
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• Level Three: The value of mothe
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Wengraf is keen to avoid a purely c
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5.9.2 T1 process of IPA analysis: c
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5.10 T2 - BNIM analysisSince the in
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If qualitative research were to be
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5.12.4 Yardley’s principlesYardle
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discomfort felt talking about the i
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- reflective comment on the intervi
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Towards the end of the interview Ti
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6.2.2 Narrative themes from Tina’
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c. Two-way commitment reflected suc
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comments such as her recollection o
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6.2.3 Summary comment on thematic a
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6.3 Case Study 2: Martha - the ‘w
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6.3.2 Narrative themes from Martha
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And my bright idea was to became a
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unfairness, Martha accepted it, use
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- Negativity, fairness and conflict
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6.4 Case Study 3: Sasha - determine
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6.4.2 Narrative themes from Sasha
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friend who’s a health visitor, an
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Cause if he wants to go abroad, the
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y the time I sit down at like eight
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6.5 Case Study 4: Connie - competit
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Mother moves to help with childcare
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Notably, the choice of her words su
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offered psychological support for h
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This was the first hint of the comp
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161
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6.6.1 Summary of Summer’s lived a
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Theme 2: skill developmentIn additi
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She perceived the transition from p
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and familiarity with the type of qu
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6.7.1 Summary of Heather’s lived
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6.7.2 Narrative themes from Heather
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It was at this point the interview
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Again, I knew that we, money would
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work from home a couple of days a w
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6.7.3 Summary comment on thematic a
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Table 10: Summary of master themes
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promotionH. No cos I never haveprom
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path. However, the way in which the
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6.10 T1 Master theme: the good empl
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6.11 T1 master theme: first materni
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There is some contradictory sense-m
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Second maternity leave testsbalance
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was in a state of distress about wh
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committee workorganising my time an
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Chapter 7T2 FindingsFigure 29: Rela
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at which Tina spoke). Another diffe
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7.2.4 Comment on narrative themes f
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7.3 T2: Martha: wise old bird to a
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at the head of a large department.
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I was at pains to deliberately reta
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I’m not going to be as busy as I
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7.4.3 Update of lived and told Stor
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At the end of the interview, as I d
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At the end of the interview, she co
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7.5.3 Update of lived and told Stor
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own salon. She also credited mother
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7.6 Heather: motherhood is not enou
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Despite not returning to work, Heat
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prospects ever if you go part-time.
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I think what it is, it’s very muc
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7.7 T2 IPA findings.As before, IPA
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As can be seen, the master themes g
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Yeah, probably. See what, no, I don
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sort too.the woman’s at home all
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...and also I am a working parent I
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ut ...life the way is set up it cha
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Furthermore, Sasha’s employer, th
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example). Unlike the others, howeve
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The women’s first maternity leave
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an effect a lot of folk have is the
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Summer was in fact busy with commit
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7.10.5 HeatherHeather effectively g
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Sashaaway with itthey don’t do pa
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Unmarried women =bestSkills develop
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I think what they should do for me
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7.12 Master theme 4: I’ve changed
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She explained that:After I went bac
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actually step back and it’s was t
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7.13 Master theme 5: community netw
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people are great, don’t get me wr
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I am the person who’s at home all
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Hmmm. No. Because you know what you
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At the moment my job I’ve got is
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Chapter 8Discussion8.1 Introduction
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theme, even if their return was mar
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The ‘good employee’ master them
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This at times leads to the employme
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demonstrates this level of complexi
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somehow detached from their sense-m
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individual women - some had never h
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work becomes salient in their lives
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The key findings of qualitatively d
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we had, it was very important to hi
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einforce it. It may also go some wa
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The question arises as to what type
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etween occupation, family and leisu
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The findings support the interpreta
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c. The other key finding of the cur
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one, then fraying over time. The ro
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perception of work and their orient
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Chapter 10Conclusions and Recommend
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e. Set aside staff development budg
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10.4 Recommendations for government
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10.6 Final comment - reflexive anal
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emotion cannot ever be removed from
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Reference ListAACAS, 2010. Flexible
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BEAUMONT, J., 2010. Households and
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BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2011
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CARRERA, S. and BEAUMONT,J., 2010.
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DARTON, D. and HURRELL, K. 2005. Pe
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ERIKSEN,T.J., 2001. Tyranny of the
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GRZYWACZ, J. G. and MARKS, N. F., 2
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HINSLIFF, G., 2009. I had it all, b
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JUDGE, T.A. and LIVINGSTONE, B., 20
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LEE, M.D., KOSSEK, E. and HALL, D.T
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MASLOW, A. H., 1968. Toward a psych
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MOFFETT, J., 2008. Itchy feet? Then
Page 360 and 361:
PERRIN MOORE, D., MOORE J.L. and MO
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RUDERMAN, M.N. et al., 2002. Benefi
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SULLIVAN, O., 1997. Time waits for
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WALKER, A. 2012. The official websi
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ZAHIDA, S. and IBARRA, H., 2010. Th
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Appendix 1: Consent FormCONSENT FOR
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Description of processThe following
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And I remember speaking to the matr
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[laughs] half of me doesn’t want
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The experienceAppendix 4: Typed up
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and justifiedDifficult decisions -
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Rationale and justificationfor her
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isbecause I my boss is verysmart an
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Appendix 5: T2 interview follow up
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We discussed the possibility of the
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