Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo ...

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International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Table 2: Composition of Antidandruff shampoo containing allicin loaded SLNsIngredientsAllicin-SLNs(%)Lemon Oil(%)PeppermintOil (%)SLS(%)CMC(%)EDTA(%)ColourSH-SLNs1SH-SLNs2SH-SLNs3SH-SLNs4SH-SLNs5SH-SLNs6SH-SLNs7SH-SLNs86 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 65 4 4 3.5 4 4 3 4 35 5 5 4.5 4 5 4 4 4SH-SLNs957 58 58 59 59 59 60 60 6110.5 9 7.5 8.5 8 10 9.5 10 91 2.5 4 3 3.5 0.5 2 0.5 1.5LightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkPerfume Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SSaturated Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SNaclSolutionWater Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SEvaluation of Allicin loaded solid lipidnanoparticles:a).Measurement of zeta potential,particle size and poly dispersity index.By using Zetasizer, zeta potential weremeasured .In this method the samples werediluted with aqueous solution to get 50-200kcps and pH of sample from ranges 6.9-7.2. Zeta potential measurement wascarried at 25 0 C, and the electric fieldstrength was 23.2V/cm[14, 15].b) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)The SEM analysis of prepared allicin loadedSLN was performed for morphologicalstudies. The formulations were placed in tocircular aluminium stubs using doubleadhesive tape and coated with gold in HUS -5 GB vacuum evaporator then it wasobserved in Hitachi S-3000 N SEM havingacceleration voltage of 10 Kv and amagnification of 5000X .[14,15]c) Entrapment efficiencyThe Entrapment efficiency of preparedSLNs was determined by measuring theconcentration of free drug in a dispersionmedium. It was carried out at least 2 weekafter preparation due to crystallization. Itwas determined by adding 1 ml of nanosuspensionin to 4 ml of water. Thencentrifuged it for 90 min at 15,000 rpm.Then supernants were examined by UV/Visspectrophotometer with further dilution inwater at 324 nm. The amount of free drugwas detected in the filtrate and the amountof incorporated drug was determined as aresult of the initial drug minus. Theentrapment efficiency was calculated by[15, 16].%Entrapment efficiency = W (TOTAL DRUG-FREE DRUG) /W (TOTAL DRUG ADDED) × 100.d) In-vitro drug release of allicin loadedSLNs:The in vitro release of allicin from differentSLNs dispersions was determined using thedialysis bag diffusion technique. Dialysisbag consists of 12,000-14,000 MW cut-off.Prior to the experiment, the membrane waswashed with warm Milli-pore doubledistilled water (70°C) for 1 hrs and thenrinsed thrice with Milli-pore water toremove the glycerine. 6 mL of suspensionwere placed inside the dialysis bag, tied atNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 15
International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24both ends and dipped in the dissolutionmedium Stirring of the medium wasmaintained at 100 rpm using a magneticbead and the temperature at 37±0.5°c. Twomillilitres aliquot were withdrawn at presettime intervals and replaced by an equalvolume of a fresh dissolution medium. Aftersuitable dilution, the sample weredetermined spectrophotometrically bymeasuring the absorbance at 324 nm .Theconcentration of Allicin in test samples wascalculated by using the regression equationof the calibration curve [14].Evaluation of Antidandruff herbalshampoo containing Allicin loaded solidlipid nanoparticles:a) Appearance:The appearance of the prepared SLNs wasvisually observed in a black and whitebackground.b) Viscosity:The viscosity of prepared Antidandruffshampoo was determined by viscometer.c) pH testingpH test were performed by using thestandard pH paper [15,16]d) Foaming PropertyBy using cylinder shake method the foamtest determined [17, 18]Procedure1. 50 ml of the 1% shampoo solution wasput into 500 ml graduated cylinder thenit is covered with hand. Then it is shaken12 times .the total volume of the foamcontent after 1 min were recorded.2. Foam volume was calculated. Aftershaking the volume of foam at 1 mininterval for 4 minutes were recorded.3. That height of the foam reaches at levelof 150 ml is best acceptable.Foaming properties:The shampoo should possess good foamingand cleansing property without damagingthe hair. At the temperature of 40-45 0 cperson wash the hair. It is replicated byhair. Safety of the product by usingsurfactant they cause irritation. Thevolunteer animal using for the studies.Detection of foam height:A = Foam +Water (V1)B = Water Only (V2)e) Spreadibility Testing:1. Spreadibility testing was developed toaccess the spreading properties of theLiquids, cosmetics, oils.2. This test method was developed to studythe amount of spread of a sample.Procedure:1. Put a new sheet of aluminium foil on tothe bench.2 .Choose a filter paper type (p5, p2) andweigh the sheet as accurately. Record thisweigh as W13. Measure and record the total area of thefilter paper.4. Record the measurement as A5. Carefully place the filter paper in thecentre of the aluminium foil sheet.6. Do not blend, fold or alter the filter paper.it should remain flat.7. Choose liquid, cosmetic oil to be tested.8. Draw several millimetres in to the BD 5mlsyringes9. Hold the syringe over the centre of thefilter paper carefully pushes out 20 drops.10. When 20 drops hit filter paper, start atimer or stopwatch to count down for 10min. during 10 min liquid will spread in auniform circular pattern of filter paper.11. After 10 min filter paper removed fromthe aluminium foil base and cut it withscissors, cut whole saturated portion of thefilter paper away from dry section. Forbetter results.12. Measure the diameter of the saturatedportion of the filter paper. If spread was notperfect circle, then take several diameterreadings around the spread area anddetermine an average diameter. Record themeasurement of it.Different methods to determinespreadibilityThere are two methods of determining thepercent spread of test liquid on the filterpaper. They both the method are independedfrom each other.i. It can be done by comparing thedifferences in dry weight.ii. It can be done by measuring thedifference in dry area [18].f) In-vitro drug release study of herbalantidandruff shampooThe in vitro release study of the preparedherbal antidandruff shampoo was carriedout using Keshary–Chien (K.C) diffusion cellusing a cellophane membrane in phosphatebuffer pH 6.8 for 24 h. The membrane wasmounted in K.C cell, kept at 37 0 C. TheNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 16
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