Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo ...

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Research ArticleFormulation and Evaluation of Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo Containing GarlicLoaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles*Neeta Rai, Abhishek Kumar Jain, Jobin AbrahamDepartment of Pharmaceutics SIRT College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, M.P, INDIA______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ABSTRACTIn the present study, herbal antidandruff shampoo containing garlic loaded solid lipid nanoparticles wereformulated by using garlic as a antifungal agent. The ALL -SLNs were formulated by hot homogenizationmethod and evaluated by using different parameter. The zeta potential, particle size and polydispesityindex ,SEM and drug release were performed for ALL-SLNs. Result showed of ALL- SLNs containingTween 80 (1ml) and soy lecithin (10ml) formulations showed the excellent zeta potential, particle sizeentrapment efficiency, SEM study revealed irregular surfaces with pores. The in vitro release upto 90%and %EE was found to be 30-50% .Then herbal antidandruff shampoo were formulated by using mixingprocess and evaluated. Result of antidandruff shampoo containing different concentration of CMC andEDTA were excellent appearance, viscosity, pH, foam ability, spreadibility and in vitro release. The pH andviscosity of herbal antidandruff shampoo were found to be 3.7-7.2 and 1010cps -1700 cps. Thespreadibility was found to be by different method and result was found to be 46.4% and 53.1%.Foamability was found to be 157ml. The in vitro drug release profile was 79.26 to 80.4%. Thus it is moreeffective for the treatment of dandruff on scalp and hair with no side effect.Keywords: ALL-Allicin, CMC-carboxy methyl cellulose, EDTA-ethylene di amine tetra acetic acid, SEM-Scanning electron microscopy, SLNs-solid lipid nanoparticlesReceived 19 August 2013 Received in revised form 01 Sept 2013 Accepted 03 Sept 2013*Address for correspondence:Neeta RaiDepartment of Pharmaceutics SIRT College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, M.P, India.E-mail: neetarai.2012@rediffmail.com_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________INTRODUCTIONDandruffDandruff is a scalp disorder which affectingthe half of post pubertal population of anyethnicity and both genders [1]. Dandruffaffects the aesthetic value and causes theitching and keratinocytes play major role inthe expressions and the generation ofimmunological reaction during dandruffformation [2, 3]. The severity of dandruffmay fluctuate with season as a often worsenin winter [4].Dandruff is common scalp condition thatproducing the irritating white flakes anditchy scalp. Excessive drying of skin andover-activity of oil gland known asseborrhea [4]. Dandruff is a visibledesquamation of scalp is the mildestmanifestation of seborrheic dermatitis andcaused by P. ovale combine with multipleMalassezia fungus was identified by theFrench scientist Louis-Charles Malassez inhost factor .It is commonly aggravated bychanges in the humidity, trauma(scratching), season and the emotionalstress [5]. Dandruff is a dander andrepresents nothing more than physiologicalscaling. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is obviouslymore inflammatory in nature extendingoutside the limit of scalp surface [6]. Thescales are dry, white or greyish and appearas small patches specially at the top of thehairs. Dandruff is a special case whereunusually large amount of flaking occursthis causes the redness and irritation of thescalp. The three factors required for thedandruff formation:a. NATURAL SEBACEOUSb. MELASSEZIA FUNGIc. INDIVIDUAL SENSITIVITYMalassezia Infections:the late 19th century. Then RaymondSabouraud identified a dandruff-causingNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 12

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24organism in 1904 and called it"Pityrosporum malassez", honouringMalassez [7].Garlic:Garlic is a bulb belonging to family liliaceae.Garlic bulb has usually pink in colour havingcharacteristics odour with pungent andaromatic taste having 1.5-2.5 cm in size [8].Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs):Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are lipidbasedsubmicron colloidal carriers system.Solid lipid nanoparticles possess a solidlipid core matrix that can solubiliseliphophilic molecules. The lipid core isstabilized by surfactants (emulsifiers) .SLNsare composed of physiological andcompatible lipids with a high melting pointas the solid core, which is coated by nontoxic amphiphilic surfactants as the outershell. The nanoparticles are in thesubmicron size range (50-1000 nm) and inthe solid state at both body and roomtemperatures. SLNs offer unique propertiessuch as small size, large surface area, highdrug loading, the interaction of phases atthe interfaces, and are attractive for theirpotential to improve performance ofpharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals and othermaterial [9].Aims of solid lipid nanoparticles [10, 11]a. Possibility of controlled drug releaseb. Increased drug stability.c. High drug pay loadd. No bio-toxicity of the carrier.e. Avoidance of organic solvents.f. Incorporation of liphophilic andhydrophilic drugs.Shampoo:Shampoos are used not only for cleansingpurpose but also for imparting gloss to hairand to maintain their manageability andoiliness for hairs. Shampoo is generallyused to remove dirt on hair. The dirt isremoved by detergents. Shampoos havesome side effect like drying, irritation oneyes. The drying effect of shampoo leavesthe hair too dry and it is not handling bycomb. So it is necessary for conditioning ofthe hair .So these things should be avoidedby shampoo [12, 13].Anti-Dandruff Shampoo:In this type of shampoo it contains somespecific function along with the cleansingaction. Shampoo usually containantidandruff agent, other medicinal agentlike vitamins, amino acid, plant extract,antibacterial agent etc [13].MATERIALS AND METHODSGarlic was collected from local market. Soylecithin were obtained from CD finechemicals, tween 80 and DisodiumHydrogen Ortho Phosphate were obtainedfrom Suvidinath lab, Sodium LaurylSulphate were obtained from Sulab lab,methanol, acetone, CMC, EDTA wereobtained from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd.,Mumbai and Potassium di-hydrogen OrthoPhosphate were obtained from Ranken lab.Chloroform was obtained from QualigensFine Chemical (Mumbai, India) Ltd. Allother chemicals and solvents having of highanalytical gradation were used in thepresent study.Characterization of Garlic extractOrganoleptic study of Garlic extract:The samples of Garlic extract were studiedfor organoleptic characters such as colour,odour and appearance.Solubility of Garlic extract in DifferentSolvent:The solubility of Garlic extract was checkedin different organic solvent such as organicsolvent, inorganic solvent and water.Development of analytical method:A. Preparation of standard stocksolutions:Standard stock solutions (100μg/mL) ofGarlic were prepared separately. 1 mL ofdrug was dissolved in 10 mL of distilledwater in 100 mL volumetric flask withshaking and then volume was made up tothe mark with same solvent.B. Preparation of standard calibrationcurves and selection of analyticalconcentration ranges:For Allicin, appropriate aliquots of standardstock solution of the drug were transferredto a series of 10 mL volumetric flasks. Thevolume was made up to the mark with PBSpH 7.0 to obtain working standard solutionsof concentrations of 10, 20, 30….50 g/mLThe absorbance’s of three replicates of theworking standard solutions of eachconcentration were measured at theNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 13

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24selected analytical wavelengths. Thestandard calibration curves of absorbancevs. concentration were plotted.Formulation developmentSelection of Formulation1. On the basis of pH of Skin for diffusionThe pH of the skin is found to be6.8.according to this batch lies on range ofpH of skin.2. On the basis of viscosity asspreadibilityThe viscosity of shampoo is more importantfactor because of spreadibility on hairs.Method of Preparation of AntidandruffShampoo:Preparation of phosphate buffersolution:Phosphate Buffer of pH 6.8 at 0.2M: -Dissolve 13.872 g of potassium dihydrogenphosphate 35.084 g of disodium hydrogenphosphate in sufficient water to produce1000 ml.Extraction process of garlic:Freshly prepared 500 gm garlic were takenand washed with the distilled water. Peeledand crushed in a pestle mortar thanhomogenized with the 1000 ml ofphosphate buffer solution at pH 6.8 withhomogenizer. The homogenates weresqueezed through muslin cloth to removethe large particles. Centrifuged it for 20minutes and supernant were collected,filtered, stored at definite temperature andresidue were discarded. Freshly collectedgarlic extract used for the preparation ofSLNsTable 1 Compositions of different formulations of Allicin loaded SLNs:Ingredients GarlicExtract (ml)Soy lecithin(ml)Tween80(ml)CHCl 3:CH 3OH(ml)Acetone(ml)SLNs1 10 5 0.5 1:1 10SLNs2 10 10 0.5 1:1 10SLNs3 10 15 0.5 1:1 10SLNs4 10 5 1.0 1:1 10SLNs5 10 10 1.0 1:1 10SLNs6 10 15 1.0 1:1 10SLNs7 10 5 1.5 1:1 10SLNs8 10 10 1.5 1:1 10SLNs9 10 15 1.5 1:1 10PREPARATION OF SLNs:The SLNs were prepared by hothomogenization method.i. Formation of lipid layer:Lecithin was dissolved in 10 ml of acetone.Organic solvent were completely removedby using vacuum rotatory evaporator. Thenthe lipid layer was dissolved in a mixture ofchloroform: methanol (5ml).ii. Formation of aqueous phase:An aqueous phase was prepared bydissolving given amount of Tween 80 in a10 ml of the garlic extract (Allicin).iii. Mixing process:Both the organic phase and aqueous phasewere heated individually at 70 0 c .Thenaqueous solution was mixed to lipidsolution followed by homogenization for 10min by using homogenizer, then furtherultrasonicate for 20 minutes. The garlicloaded SLNs were obtained by allowingcooling at room temperature.Preparation of Antidandruff Shampoo:Firstly mixed Allicin loaded SLNs,peppermint oil, lemon oil, carboxy methylcellulose (2% gel), SLS solution and made asolution in a non leaching clean glass orstainless steel container. EDTA are mixedin little amount of water and added into aSLNs containing solution. Add small amountof saturated solution of Nacl drop wise intoit. Nacl acts as viscosity modifier bycommon ion effect. Add color, perfume andpack the shampoo in a suitable containerfor evaluation.Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 14

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Table 2: Composition of Antidandruff shampoo containing allicin loaded SLNsIngredientsAllicin-SLNs(%)Lemon Oil(%)PeppermintOil (%)SLS(%)CMC(%)EDTA(%)ColourSH-SLNs1SH-SLNs2SH-SLNs3SH-SLNs4SH-SLNs5SH-SLNs6SH-SLNs7SH-SLNs86 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 65 4 4 3.5 4 4 3 4 35 5 5 4.5 4 5 4 4 4SH-SLNs957 58 58 59 59 59 60 60 6110.5 9 7.5 8.5 8 10 9.5 10 91 2.5 4 3 3.5 0.5 2 0.5 1.5LightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkLightPinkPerfume Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SSaturated Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SNaclSolutionWater Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.S Q.SEvaluation of Allicin loaded solid lipidnanoparticles:a).Measurement of zeta potential,particle size and poly dispersity index.By using Zetasizer, zeta potential weremeasured .In this method the samples werediluted with aqueous solution to get 50-200kcps and pH of sample from ranges 6.9-7.2. Zeta potential measurement wascarried at 25 0 C, and the electric fieldstrength was 23.2V/cm[14, 15].b) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)The SEM analysis of prepared allicin loadedSLN was performed for morphologicalstudies. The formulations were placed in tocircular aluminium stubs using doubleadhesive tape and coated with gold in HUS -5 GB vacuum evaporator then it wasobserved in Hitachi S-3000 N SEM havingacceleration voltage of 10 Kv and amagnification of 5000X .[14,15]c) Entrapment efficiencyThe Entrapment efficiency of preparedSLNs was determined by measuring theconcentration of free drug in a dispersionmedium. It was carried out at least 2 weekafter preparation due to crystallization. Itwas determined by adding 1 ml of nanosuspensionin to 4 ml of water. Thencentrifuged it for 90 min at 15,000 rpm.Then supernants were examined by UV/Visspectrophotometer with further dilution inwater at 324 nm. The amount of free drugwas detected in the filtrate and the amountof incorporated drug was determined as aresult of the initial drug minus. Theentrapment efficiency was calculated by[15, 16].%Entrapment efficiency = W (TOTAL DRUG-FREE DRUG) /W (TOTAL DRUG ADDED) × 100.d) In-vitro drug release of allicin loadedSLNs:The in vitro release of allicin from differentSLNs dispersions was determined using thedialysis bag diffusion technique. Dialysisbag consists of 12,000-14,000 MW cut-off.Prior to the experiment, the membrane waswashed with warm Milli-pore doubledistilled water (70°C) for 1 hrs and thenrinsed thrice with Milli-pore water toremove the glycerine. 6 mL of suspensionwere placed inside the dialysis bag, tied atNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 15

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24both ends and dipped in the dissolutionmedium Stirring of the medium wasmaintained at 100 rpm using a magneticbead and the temperature at 37±0.5°c. Twomillilitres aliquot were withdrawn at presettime intervals and replaced by an equalvolume of a fresh dissolution medium. Aftersuitable dilution, the sample weredetermined spectrophotometrically bymeasuring the absorbance at 324 nm .Theconcentration of Allicin in test samples wascalculated by using the regression equationof the calibration curve [14].Evaluation of Antidandruff herbalshampoo containing Allicin loaded solidlipid nanoparticles:a) Appearance:The appearance of the prepared SLNs wasvisually observed in a black and whitebackground.b) Viscosity:The viscosity of prepared Antidandruffshampoo was determined by viscometer.c) pH testingpH test were performed by using thestandard pH paper [15,16]d) Foaming PropertyBy using cylinder shake method the foamtest determined [17, 18]Procedure1. 50 ml of the 1% shampoo solution wasput into 500 ml graduated cylinder thenit is covered with hand. Then it is shaken12 times .the total volume of the foamcontent after 1 min were recorded.2. Foam volume was calculated. Aftershaking the volume of foam at 1 mininterval for 4 minutes were recorded.3. That height of the foam reaches at levelof 150 ml is best acceptable.Foaming properties:The shampoo should possess good foamingand cleansing property without damagingthe hair. At the temperature of 40-45 0 cperson wash the hair. It is replicated byhair. Safety of the product by usingsurfactant they cause irritation. Thevolunteer animal using for the studies.Detection of foam height:A = Foam +Water (V1)B = Water Only (V2)e) Spreadibility Testing:1. Spreadibility testing was developed toaccess the spreading properties of theLiquids, cosmetics, oils.2. This test method was developed to studythe amount of spread of a sample.Procedure:1. Put a new sheet of aluminium foil on tothe bench.2 .Choose a filter paper type (p5, p2) andweigh the sheet as accurately. Record thisweigh as W13. Measure and record the total area of thefilter paper.4. Record the measurement as A5. Carefully place the filter paper in thecentre of the aluminium foil sheet.6. Do not blend, fold or alter the filter paper.it should remain flat.7. Choose liquid, cosmetic oil to be tested.8. Draw several millimetres in to the BD 5mlsyringes9. Hold the syringe over the centre of thefilter paper carefully pushes out 20 drops.10. When 20 drops hit filter paper, start atimer or stopwatch to count down for 10min. during 10 min liquid will spread in auniform circular pattern of filter paper.11. After 10 min filter paper removed fromthe aluminium foil base and cut it withscissors, cut whole saturated portion of thefilter paper away from dry section. Forbetter results.12. Measure the diameter of the saturatedportion of the filter paper. If spread was notperfect circle, then take several diameterreadings around the spread area anddetermine an average diameter. Record themeasurement of it.Different methods to determinespreadibilityThere are two methods of determining thepercent spread of test liquid on the filterpaper. They both the method are independedfrom each other.i. It can be done by comparing thedifferences in dry weight.ii. It can be done by measuring thedifference in dry area [18].f) In-vitro drug release study of herbalantidandruff shampooThe in vitro release study of the preparedherbal antidandruff shampoo was carriedout using Keshary–Chien (K.C) diffusion cellusing a cellophane membrane in phosphatebuffer pH 6.8 for 24 h. The membrane wasmounted in K.C cell, kept at 37 0 C. TheNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 16

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24shampoo was spread on donor side.Phosphate buffer pH 6.8 was used as theacceptor medium, from which samples werecollected at regular intervals for 90 min andreplaced with the same amount of buffer.The drug concentration on the receptorfluid was determined spectrophotometricallyat 324 nm and calculated by using theregression equation of the calibration curve[19].RESULTS AND DISSCUSIONPREFORMULATION STUDIESTable 3: Organoleptic study of garlic extractsS.No Specification Garlic ExtractRemarks1 Appearances Liquid2 Colour Pale Yellow3 Taste Pungent4 Odour CharactersticsOdourAnalyte the concentration range:calibration curve for Allicin:After studying the UV spectra of allicin, itwas found that they show maximumabsorbance at 324 nm respectively. Soabsorbance at and 324.0 nm wasconsidered as λmax for Allicin. TheCharacterization of Garlic extracts(Allicin)Organoleptic propertiesThe sample of Garlic extract (Allicin) wasfound to be pale yellow in color and liquidin nature with pungent taste andcharacteristics odour and shown on Table3Solubility of Garlic Extract:The solubility profile of the Allicin wasfound that it is soluble in water, alcohol andacetone and shown on Table 4Table 4: solubility study of garlic extractS.No Chemicals(10ml) GarlicExtract (1ml)1 Ethanol Soluble2 Methanol Insoluble3 Chloroform Insoluble4 Water Soluble5 Acetone Solublecalibration curve for licin in PBS pH 6.8 isshown in Figure 1 the graph of absorbancevs. concentration for Allicin was found to belinear in the concentration range of 0-10μg/ml at 324nm. The r 2 of the calibrationcurve was found to be 0.999 and shown onTable 5Table 5: Concentration and absorbance values for Allicin in PBS pH 6.8s.no concentration(µg/ml) Absorbance(nm)1 0 0.0002 10 0.0433 20 0.0804 30 0.1235 40 0.1606 50 0.200REGRESSION COEFFIECIENT (r 2 ) 0.999SLOPE 0.003INTERCEPT 0.0016Figure 1: Calibration Curve of Allicin in Phosphate Buffer pH 6.8 at λmax 324 nm.Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 17

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Evaluation of Allicin Loaded Soild lipidnanoparticles:Appearance of Allicin loaded Soild lipidnanoparticles:The Appearance of Allicin loaded SLNs werefound off white to white in colour and liquidto viscous in nature and better result wascream in colour and liquid in nature.Zeta potential of Allicin loaded Soildlipid nanoparticles:The zeta potential of Allicin- SLNs wasobserved and found to be-36.8Mv to -44.27Mv and better quality to be-38.5 mV andshown on Table 6Particle Size of Allicin loaded Soild lipidnanoparticles: The particle size of Allicin-SLNs was found to be 26.27nm to 33.25nmand better quality to be 31.11nm andshown on Table 6Polydispersity index of Allicin loadedSolid lipid nanoparticles:The Polydispersity index of Allicin-SLNswas found to be 0.483-0.862 and betterresult to be 0.657 and shown on Table 6Table 6: Zeta Potential, Particle Size and PDIS.no Formulation Pdi Particle Size(nm) Zeta Potential(Mv)1 SLNs1 0.483 26.27 -36.8±3.222 SLNs2 0.361 28.64 -36.4±3.763 SLNs3 0.468 28.92 -36.6±4.104 SLNs4 0.633 29.56 -37.1±4.845 SLNs5 0.657 31.11 -38.5±5.166 SLNs6 0.692 31.58 -39.6±5.547 SLNs7 0.735 32.64 -39.8±4.698 SLNs8 0.794 32.82 -42.6±6.359 SLNs9 0.862 33.25 -44.7±7.25The scanning electron microscopy (SEM)Allicin loaded SLNsThe scanning electron microscopy (SEM)Allicin loaded SLNs was performed andimage was found and shown on Figure 2Figure 2: SEM image of SLNs5Entrapment Efficiency: The Entrapmentefficiency was calculated by using theformula and result were shown on Table 7and Figure 3Figure 3: % Ententrapment Efficiency Of Allicin-SLNSNeeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 18

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Table 7: Entrapment Efficiency of Allicin-SLNsS.no Formul Free drug Total drug %EEation content(ml) content (ml)1 SLNs1 0.7 1 302 SLNs2 0.3 1 703 SLNs3 0.3 1 704 SLNs4 0.2 1 805 SLNs5 0.2 1 806 SLNs6 0.4 1 607 SLNs7 0.4 1 608 SLNs8 0.6 1 409 SLNs9 0.5 1 50In vitro drug release of Allicin-SLNs:90 min in vitro dissolution study was donefor allicin loaded SLNs formulation andfollowing dissolution profile was shown ontable no 8 and figure 4, 5, 6Table 8: %Cumulative Release of FormulationsTim%Cumulative release of formulatione(miSLNs 1 SLNs 2 SLNs 3 SLNs 4 SLNs 5 SLNs 6 SLNs 7 SLNs 8 SLNs 9n)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 015 15.33 18.51 23.12 20.36 22.74 19.85 18.55 19.64 20.1730 22.15 30.75 40.5 35.24 38.75 37.21 31.42 32.61 34.4345 47.62 45.12 57.31 53.24 56.79 52.19 49.53 54.12 56.9360 52.13 59.31 62.31 68.4 63.89 60.77 63.45 60.44 65.1475 60.99 75.65 80.75 83.94 84.52 81.95 76.34 73.42 84.8190 74.77 83.35 92.64 94.3 95.81 93.33 84.24 80.11 92.34Figure 4: In-vitro Drug Release of Allicin-SLNs Formulation 1, 2, 3Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 19

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Figure 5: In-vitro drug release of Allicin-SLNs formulation 4, 5, 6Figure 6: In-vitro drug release of Allicin-SLNs formulation 7, 8, 9Evaluation of Allicin Loaded Solid lipidnanoparticles:Appearance The Appearance of herbalAntidandruff shampoo was visuallyobserved and found to be fade in colourand gelly in nature to pink in colour butmore gelly in nature and better result wasfound to be pink colour, liquid in natureshown on Table 9Table 9: Physical AppearanceS.No Batches Physical Appearances1 SH-SLNs 1 Fade in colour and gelly in nature2 SH-SLNs 2 Fade in colour and sticky in nature3 SH-SLNs 3 Pink in colour ,but more sticky in nature4 SH-SLNs 4 Pink colour but more viscous5 SH-SLNs 5 Pink Colour, Liquid In Nature6 SH-SLNs 6 Pink colour, but slightly gelly in nature7 SH-SLNs 7 Pink colour but more viscous in nature8 SH-SLNs 8 Pink colour but gel formed9 SH-SLNs 9 Pink colour but more gelly in nature.Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 20

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24ViscosityThe viscosity of herbal antidandruffshampoo was found to be 1010-1710 cpsand better result was 1599 cps shown ontable no:10pH test:The pH of herbal antidandruff shampoo wasfound to be 3.6-7.2 and better result was 6.6shown on table no 10SpreadibilityThe spreadibility of herbal antidandruffshampoo was found to be 46.4% and53.1%and shown on table no 10Calculation:1. Determining percent spread by weight:Firstly the dry filter paper was weighed andeliminates any variables like liquid,viscosity or evaporative rate%spread by weight= [(w1-w2)/w1]*100W1=3.252W2=1.74= (3.252-1.74)/3.252*100=1.512/3.252*100=0.464*100=46.4%2. Determining percent spread by area:This method is not exact as weighed method. To determining percent spread by area,Calculate as follows: A1=πr 2=3.14*9.6*9.6=289.38A2=3.14*7**7=153.86%spread by area=(A2/A1)/100=(153.86/289.38)*100=0.531*100=53.1%Foamability test:The Foamability of formulation was found to be 157 ml and shown on table no 10Calculation: -V1=209 MlAfter 5 Minutes V1 =148V2 = 50 Ml=V1-V2=207-50=157mlTable 10: Viscosity, pH, Foaming Property and SpreadibilityS.NO BATCHES VISCOSITY(cps) pH FOAMINGPROPERTY1 SH-SLNs 1 1010cps 3.72 SH-SLNs 2 1040cps 4.63 SH-SLNs 3 1210cps 5.34 SH-SLNs 4 1430cps 5.6 157ml5 SH-SLNs 5 1599 cps 6.66 SH-SLNs 6 1610cps 6.47 SH-SLNs 7 1640cps 6.58 SH-SLNs 8 1690cps 6.89 SH-SLNs 9 1710cps 7.2SPREADIBILITY%spread byweight=46.4%Spread byarea=53.1%Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 21

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24SLNs were performed and shown on tableno 11and figure 7,8,9.Time(min)Table 11: In-Vitro Release of the Drug Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo of FormulationsSHSLNs 1SH-SLNs2In-vitro release of the drug herbalAntidandruff shampoo:The In-vitro release of the drug herbalAntidandruff shampoo of formulations SH-SH-SLNs3%Cumulative release of formulationSH- SH- SH- SLNs SH- SLNsSLNs 4 SLNs 5 67SH-SLNs 8SH-SLNs90 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 015 27.24 26.41 27.77 24.32 31.22 29.42 23.41 28.34 26.130 37.94 38.72 41.22 45.21 48.94 47.85 42.64 46.45 45.3145 45.22 43.64 45.15 67.25 68.77 59.34 63.84 66.96 52.1560 66.2 62.74 63.24 76.41 79.24 69.82 73.52 72.34 63.4475 75.33 73.12 75.1 89.45 89.87 71.35 86.33 80.11 73.1990 79.26 83.41 85.11 91.21 94.66 93.25 90 91.43 80.4Figure 7: In-Vitro Release of the Drug Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo of Formulation 1,2,3Figure 8: In-Vitro Release of The Drug Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo of Formulation4,5,6Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 22

International Journal of Pharma Research & Review, Oct 2013; 2(10):12-24Figure 9: In-Vitro Release of the Drug Herbal Antidandruff Shampoo of Formulation 7, 8,9CONCLUSIONAllicin (which is extracted from garlic)contain antifungal activity and it isgenerally used in a home-made preparation.While using the garlic for long term use itinhibited the fungal infection/dandruff.Here the formulation of antidandruffshampoo, firstly prepared the allicin loadedsolid lipid nanoparticles. SLNs wereprepared by using hot homogenizationmethod for better control release over thekinetics, very long term stability and actualamount of drug to be encapsulated. Herethe formulation of allicin loaded SLNsprepared by using the soy lecithin, tween80, drug and some organic solvent. Soylecithin is used as a phospholipids, Tween80 as a surfactant. Surfactant can act as awetting agent and lowering the surfacetension of solution. Then it was evaluatedby using zeta potential, particle size, SEMand drug loaded capacity to achieve desiredSLNs. Now, Antidandruff shampoo wereprepared by homogenization method, byusing the drug, EDTA, CMC, saturatedsolution of Nacl solution, sodium laurylsulphate, peppermint oil, lemon oil etc.sodium lauryl sulphate is used as a nanionic surfactant. Lemon oil is also act as aanti- dandruff agent and also act as aperfume. At different concentration of SLSwere used for the evaluation parameter thebatches were concluded and optimized.Allicin loaded SLNs herbal Antidandruffshampoo was prepared successfully.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTAuthors wish to express their thanks to allfaculty members and my friends of thecollege for their help and co‐operationwhile carrying out this research work.REFERENCES1. Saint D L., The history of dandruff anddandruff in history, A HOMAGE TORAYMOND SABOURAUD ANN DERMATOLVENEREOL, 1990; 117: 23- 27.2. Gupta A K, Batra R, Bluhm R, Boekhout T,Dawson TL Jr. Skin disease associated withMalassezia species .JOURNAL AM ACADDERMATOL 2004;51:785-98.3. Pitard C F, Xhauflaire E U, PitardG.E,Revisiting dandruff, INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 2006;28:311-318.4. Pitard C F, Pitard G E, Klingman A, Seasonalmodulation of the sebum excreation,DERMATOLIGICA 1990;181:21-225. Vijayanthi G, Kulkarni C, Abraham A,Kolhapure SA. Evaluation of antidandruffactivity and safety of polyherbal hair oil, ANOPEN PILOT CLINICAL TRIAL, THEANTISEPTIC 2004;101(9):368-372.6. Amdt K A, Hsu J T. MANNUAL OFDERMATOLOGICTHERAPEUTICS.LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS AND WILKINSPHILADELPHIA PA, 2007,7;180-184.7. Saint DL, Klingman AM, Stoudemeyer T J, TheRole of resident micro flora in thepathogenesis of dandruff, JOURNAL OF SOC.COSMETIC CHEMI. 1988; 40:109-117.8. The medicinal uses of garlic/natural holistichealth blog.”NATURAL- HOLISTIC- HEALTH.COM. 2009;06-02.Neeta Rai et.al, IJPRR 2013; 2(10) 23

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