Bug Hunter Diary

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A Bug Hunter’s Diary. Copyright © 2011 by Tobias Klein.All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by anymeans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storageor retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9ISBN-10: 1-59327-385-1ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-385-9Publisher: William PollockProduction Editor: Alison LawCover Illustration: Hugh D’AndradeDevelopmental Editor: Sondra SilverhawkTechnical Reviewer: Dan RosenbergCopyeditor: Paula L. FlemingCompositor: Riley HoffmanProofreader: Ward WebberFor information on book distributors or translations, please contact No Starch Press, Inc. directly:No Starch Press, Inc.38 Ringold Street, San Francisco, CA 94103phone: 415.863.9900; fax: 415.863.9950; info@nostarch.com; www.nostarch.comLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:Klein, Tobias.[Aus dem Tagebuch eines Bughunters. English]A bug hunter's diary : a guided tour through the wilds of software security / by Tobias Klein.p. cm.ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-385-9ISBN-10: 1-59327-385-11. Debugging in computer science. 2. Computer security. 3. Malware (Computer software) I.Title.QA76.9.D43K5813 2011005.8--dc232011033629No Starch Press and the No Starch Press logo are registered trademarks of No Starch Press, Inc. Otherproduct and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we are using thenames only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention ofinfringement of the trademark.The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precautionhas been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author nor No Starch Press, Inc. shallhave any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to becaused directly or indirectly by the information contained in it.
Brief ContentsAcknowledgments. .................................................. xiIntroduction ....................................................... 1Chapter 1: Bug Hunting. .............................................. 3Chapter 2: Back to the ’90s. ........................................... 9Chapter 3: Escape from the WWW Zone ................................. 25Chapter 4: NULL Pointer FTW. ......................................... 51Chapter 5: Browse and You’re Owned. .................................. 71Chapter 6: One Kernel to Rule Them All .................................. 87Chapter 7: A Bug Older Than 4.4BSD. .................................. 113Chapter 8: The Ringtone Massacre. .................................... 133Appendix A: Hints for Hunting. ....................................... 149Appendix B: Debugging ............................................ 163Appendix C: Mitigation. ............................................ 179Index. ......................................................... 191
Page 10 and 11: Chapter 3: Escape from the WWW Zone
Page 12 and 13: B.2 The Windows Debugger (WinDbg) .
Page 15 and 16: IntroductionWelcome to A Bug Hunter
Page 17 and 18: 1Bug HuntingBug hunting is the proc
Page 19 and 20: After I’ve found a bug, I want to
Page 21 and 22: Table 1-1: Debuggers Used in This B
Page 23: 2Back to the ’90sSunday, October
Page 26 and 27: 16361637 /* clear the SEQ table */1
Page 28 and 29: If a TiVo file is loaded by VLC, th
Page 30 and 31: Get the →vulnerableWindows versio
Page 32 and 33: EIP = 41414141 . . . Mission EIP co
Page 34 and 35: NoteTo configure Process Explorer t
Page 36 and 37: See the following excerpt from the
Page 38 and 39: 3. Immunity Debugger is a great Win
Page 40 and 41: NoteInput/output controls (IOCTLs)
Page 42 and 43: msgbb_datapdatabb_rptrdb_basedatabu
Page 44 and 45: 8180 /*8181 * Null terminate the st
Page 46 and 47: 26736 /*26737 * SIOC[GS]TUNPARAM ap
Page 48 and 49: 19165 * are also rejected as they i
Page 50 and 51: 01 #include 02 #include 03 #include
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fffffe8000f7e4b0 unix:die+da ()ffff
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zero pagenot mappedzero pageis mapp
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gaining full control over EIP/RIP a
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112 return 1;113 }114115 printf ("O
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solaris$ isainfo -b64I then compile
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ip_output+0x10()ip_wput+0x37()putne
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Notes1. The source code of OpenSola
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4.1 Vulnerability DiscoveryTo find
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167 if (current_track + 1 > fourxm-
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Step 1: Find a Sample 4X Movie File
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Next, I modified the values of trac
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Table 4-2: List of the Assembler In
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63 #elif defined (HAVE_MEMALIGN)64
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linux$ gdb -q ./ffmpeg_g(gdb) run -
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(UINT_MAX / sizeof(AudioTrack) - 1)
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7ebe000-b7ec0000 r--p 0015c000 08:0
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5Browse and You’re OwnedSunday, A
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{SWI.ClassId_q.ClassId clsid = new
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27 except KeyboardInterrupt:28 prin
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Figure 5-4: Defining a breakpoint a
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Figure 5-7: User-controlled argumen
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Next, I tried to retrieve the size
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05 06 arg = String(232, "A") + Stri
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iDefense VCPnotifiedVulnerability d
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6.1 Vulnerability DiscoveryI used t
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Step 3: Check the Device Security S
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Below, the elements of the MajorFun
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At address .text:00010748, a pointe
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[..][..]//// Current stack location
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The transfer type is specified usin
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If the requested IOCTL code matches
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Figure 6-5: Graph view of the vulne
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.text:00010DBA push 1 ; _DWORD.text
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99 // .text:00010DEF cmp dword ptr
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nt!RtlpBreakWithStatusInstruction:8
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After I gained control over EIP, I
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7A Bug Older Than 4.4BSDSaturday, M
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Here are some examples:Source code
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1094 return (ENXIO);1095 if (t != t
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4. The assumed address of l_open()
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osx$ cat /Library/Logs/panic.logSat
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Back on the Linux host, I started t
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0x35574c, the value is used to calc
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48 define search_memloc49 set $max_
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As the debugger output shows, the E
Page 145:
ApplenotifiedApple asks formore det
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I performed the following steps whe
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I then began fuzzing files of the A
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Figure 8-1: Playing the unmodifiedA
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• Line 40 copies the current proc
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As the debugger output shows, media
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The manipulated byte (0xff) that ca
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(gdb) x/12x 0x1301bfc0x1301bfc: 0x0
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ApplenotifiedApple confirmsthe vuln
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Every function of a process that is
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eip 0x43434343 0x43434343eflags 0x1
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The access violation is caused when
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is less than 12. If it is, the stri
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The program in Listing A-4 calls th
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0x080483f3 : mov DWORD PTR [esp+0x4
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BDebuggingThis appendix contains in
Page 179 and 180:
Information CommandsCommandDescript
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Information CommandsCommandrkbu add
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Figure B-3: Configuration settings
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Figure B-6: Attaching the kernel de
Page 187 and 188:
Other CommandsCommandset disassembl
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linux# pwd/home/tk/gdb-292/srclinux
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Notes1. See the Solaris Modular Deb
Page 194 and 195:
The many mitigation techniques coul
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Figure C-1: DEP and ASLR status sho
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08 p[0] = 0x41414141;09 printf (“
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ConclusionIn case of a buffer overf
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zonecfg:wwwzone> set autoboot=truez
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Notes1. See Rob King, “New Leopar
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COMRaider, 72coordinated disclosure
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Rreadelf, 161RELRO, 67-69, 183-186r
Page 210:
A Bug Hunter’s Diary is set in Ne
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