Beginning Java EE 6 with GlassFish 3, Second Edition

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CHAPTER 7 ■ SESSION BEANS AND THE TIMER SERVICEMethodlookupsetRollbackOnlywasCancelCalledDescriptionEnables the session bean to look up its environment entries in the JNDI namingcontext.Allows the bean to mark the current transaction for rollback.Checks whether a client invoked the cancel() method on the client Futureobject corresponding to the currently executing asynchronous business method.A session bean can have access to its environment context by injecting a reference ofSessionContext with a @Resource annotation.@Statelesspublic class ItemEJB {@Resourceprivate SessionContext context;...public Book createBook(Book book) {...if (cantFindAuthor())context.setRollbackOnly();}}Deployment DescriptorJava EE 6 components use configuration by exception, which means that the container, the persistenceprovider, or the message broker will apply a set of default services to that component. Configuring thesedefault services is the exception. If nondefault behavior is desired, an annotation, or its counterpart inXML, needs to be explicitly specified. That’s what you’ve already seen with JPA entities, where a set ofannotations allows you to customize the default mapping. The same principal applies for session beans.A single annotation (@Stateless, @Stateful, etc.) is enough to inform the container to apply certainservices (transaction, life cycle, security, interceptors, concurrency, asynchrony, etc.), but, if you need tochange them, you use annotations or XML. Annotations attach additional information to a class, aninterface, a method, or a variable, and so does an XML deployment descriptor.An XML deployment descriptor is an alternative to annotations, which means that any annotationhas an equivalent XML tag. If both annotations and deployment descriptors are used, the settings in thedeployment descriptor will override the annotations during deployment process. I will not go into toomuch detail describing the structure of the XML deployment descriptor (called ejb-jar.xml), as it isoptional and can end up being very verbose. As an example, Listing 7-12 shows what the ejb-jar.xml fileof ItemEJB (shown previously in Listing 7-9) could look like. It defines the bean class, the remote andlocal interface, its type (Stateless), and that it uses container-managed transaction (CMT) (Container).The defines the environment entries of the session bean. I will explain these soon in the“Environment Naming Context” section.222
CHAPTER 7 ■ SESSION BEANS AND THE TIMER SERVICEListing 7-12. The ejb-jar.xml FileItemEJBcom.apress.javaee6.ItemEJBcom.apress.javaee6.ItemLocalcom.apress.javaee6.ItemRemoteStatelessContaineraBookTitlejava.lang.StringBeginning Java EE 6If the session bean is deployed in a jar file, the deployment descriptor needs to be stored in theMETA-INF/ejb-jar.xml file. If it’s deployed in a war file, it needs to be stored in the WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xmlfile. XML configuration is useful for details that are environment-specific and shouldn’t be specified inthe code through annotations (e.g., if an EJB needs to be run one way in development and another intest/production environments).Dependency InjectionI’ve already talked about dependency injection in this book, and you will come across this mechanismseveral times in the next chapters. It is a simple yet powerful mechanism used by Java EE 6 to injectreferences of resources into attributes. Instead of the application looking up resources in JNDI, they areinjected by the container.The containers can inject various types of resources into session beans using different annotations(or deployment descriptors):• @EJB: Injects a reference of the local, remote, or no-interface view of an EJB intothe annotated variable.• @PersistenceContext and @PersistenceUnit: Expresses a dependency on anEntityManager and on an EntityManagerFactory, respectively (see the discussion“Obtaining an Entity Manager” in Chapter 4).223
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The EXPERT’s VOIce ® in Java tm
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Beginning Java EE 6 Platform with G
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Contents at a Glance■Foreword ...
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■ CONTENTSSummary ...............
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■ CONTENTSBulk Update ...........
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■ CONTENTSStateful . ............
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■ CONTENTSScripting Elements ....
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■ CONTENTSMDB Model .............
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■ CONTENTSFrom the Web to Web Ser
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About the Author■ Antonio Goncalv
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AcknowledgmentsWriting a book about
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■ PREFACECONTENTSChapter 1 briefl
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C H A P T E R 1■ ■ ■Java EE 6
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CHAPTER 1 ■ JAVA EE 6 AT A GLANCE
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CHAPTER 2 ■ JAVA PERSISTENCEJPA S
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CHAPTER 3 ■ OBJECT-RELATIONAL MAP
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C H A P T E R 4■ ■ ■Managing
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CHAPTER 4 ■ MANAGING PERSISTENT O
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C H A P T E R 5■ ■ ■Callbacks
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CHAPTER 5 ■ CALLBACKS AND LISTENE
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CHAPTER 9 ■ TRANSACTIONS AND SECU
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CHAPTER 9 ■ TRANSACTIONS AND SECU
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C H A P T E R 11■ ■ ■Pages an
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CHAPTER 11 ■ PAGES AND COMPONENTS
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CHAPTER 12 ■ PROCESSING AND NAVIG
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SENDING MESSAGESFigu
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CHAPTER 13 ■ SENDING MESSAGESJava
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CHAPTER 15 ■ RESTFUL WEB SERVICES
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Beginning Java EE 6 with GlassFish 3, Second Edition

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