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FAR CULTIVAR EVALUATIONFOUNDATION FOR ARABLE RESEARCHspring sownwheat and barley2011/2012

page2 notes

introduction and welcomepage3It is great to see some of the newer cultivarentrants performing well. For the spring feedbarleys, Garner, Sumit, CRBA133 and CRBA124all yielded above 7.8 t/ha, the four year rollingaverage. The spring milling wheat CRWT151yielded well for the second year in a rowcombined with good quality characteristics.Sensas yielded well this past season comparedwith the previous season.Overall spring barley yields for 2011-12 wereclose to the 4 year mean in the southernNorth Island (6.9 t/ha). However the yield inCanterbury was up on the 4 year mean at 8.5 t/ha compared with 7.8 t/ha, reflecting the coolerand wetter season.collaborating and including their cultivars forthe overall good of the industry. CPT is the onlyindependent source of information you haveavailable when making decisions on cultivars.We encourage you to use the information inthese booklets to make sound cultivar decisions.FAR welcomes any queries or suggestions tofurther improve these booklets, or if you requireany additional information that we have notincluded please contact us.Rob CraigieProject ManagerOne of the regular trial sites (Chatton springbarley) is not reported due to flood damage.The CPT system has been running effectivelyfor over thirty years. The success of the systemhas been paramount to the ongoing geneticimprovement we have seen in cereal cultivars inNew Zealand. This system relies on companies© This publication is copyright to the Foundation for Arable Research and may not be reproducedor copied in any form without written permission from FAR.This document is intended to provide accurate and adequate information relating to the subjectmatter contained in it. It has been prepared and made available to all persons and entities,strictly on the basis that FAR, its researchers and authors are fully excluded from liability fordamages arising out of any reliance in part, or in full, upon any of the information for any purpose.No endorsement of named products is intended, nor is any criticism of other alternative, butunnamed products.

page5herbicide applications were completed usingCougar, Axall, Starane, Versatil and Twinax.Two applications of Mavrik insecticide wereapplied in late October and early November. Afungicide program including Proline and Amistarwas applied in early December and Falconwas applied later December. A PGR was alsoapplied in November. The trial received 105 mmof irrigation in three applications. The trial washarvested on 15 March 2012.CHATTON - SOUTHLANDJacobstown silt loam, DrylandTrial operator: Stewart Armstrong,Plant & Food ResearchHost farmer: Graeme GardyneThe trial was sown on 11 October 2011 into asurrounding field of Armstrong oats followingpasture. The trial received 138 kg N/ha duringthe season. Two herbicide applications weremade, a Glean and Trimec mix and Starane. Twofungicides (Opus mix) were applied as well. APGR, Cycocel was applied. Some bird damagewas noted in awnless cultivars. The trial washarvested on 11 April 2012.

page6 wheat - agronomic commentSpring Sown Wheat Agronomic Comment 2011/2012 SeasonCULTIVARYearsin FARtrialsBYDVScoresSeptorialeafblotchStriperustLeaf rust PowderymildewFusariumheadblightStrawstrengthCropheightMaturitySproutingsusceptibilityConquest 9 MS MR MR MSS MS MS Mod-stiff Moderate Early-int LowMajestic(CRWT139)2 Unknown MR MRR MRR MS Unknown Stiff Short-mod Int-late ModerateMorph 11 MS MS MRR MS* R MR Weak-mod Moderate Intermediate LowRaffles 10 MS MR MSS MSS MR MS Moderate Tall Intermediate LowSage 6 Unknown (MR) MSS MR MRR MR Weak-mod Tall Int-late LowSaracen 2 Unknown MR MR MSS MR MS Stiff Short Intermediate LowSensas(KSW083)2 Unknown Unknown (MR) Unknown (MR) Unknown Stiff Moderate Early LowTorlesse 15 S MSS MS* MR* MRR MS Stiff Short-mod Intermediate Mod-highCRWT151 2 Unknown (MS) (MS) MS (MS) Unknown Stiff Short Intermediate LowScores followed by * indicate resistance is affected by pathotypes present (score is an average).Scores in brackets indicate based on limited information.“Unknown” indicates there is insufficient trial information in NZ to assess resistance.Disease susceptibility comments are sourced from FAR funded Disease Nurseries carried out byPlant & Food Research, and assessments on FAR Cultivar Evaluation trials.Sprouting susceptibility comments are sourced from FAR funded Sprouting Nurseries carried out byPlant & Food Research.(brackets) = one year data/experience only.KeyS = susceptibleMSS = mostly susceptibleMS = moderately susceptibleMR = moderately resistantMRR = mostly resistantR = resistant

wheat - 2011/2012 yield (t/ha)page7Spring Sown Wheat Cultivar Evaluation 2011/2012 Season - yield (t/ha)CULTIVAR Kairanga 1 Darfield Methven WakanuiRegion ManawatuSoil typeKairanga siltloamCentralCanterburyTempletonsilt loamMidCanterburyLyndhurstsilt loamMidCanterburyWakanui siltloamCanterburymean yieldChattonSouthlandJacobstownsilt loamSeasons inFAR trials(Springsown)Dryland / Irrigated Dryland Irrigated Irrigated Irrigated DrylandPrevious crop Wheat Peas Ryegrass Faba beans PastureSow date 23 Nov 2 Aug 5 Sep 14 Sep 11 OctHarvest date 11 Apr 15 Mar 17 Mar 15 Mar 11 AprConquest 8.4 6.4 7.7 9.9 8.0 7.4 9Majestic (CRWT139) 8.1 8.4 7.2 9.4 8.4 8.7 2Morph 8.2 8.8 8.1 10.9 9.3 - 11Raffles 10.2 8.1 8.8 11.1 9.3 - 10Sage 9.8 8.6 8.1 10.6 9.1 8.0 6Saracen 6.8 7.7 7.6 9.7 8.3 7.9 2Sensas (KSW083) 9.1 - 8.4 10.4 9.1 8.0 2Torlesse 8.7 7.6 7.9 9.6 8.3 - 15CRWT151 9.1 8.5 8.3 10.6 9.1 8.1 2Site meanyield (t/ha)8.7 8.0 8.0 10.3 8.8 8.0LSD 5% 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7CV% 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.5 - 5.4- Cultivar omitted from the analysis due to bird damage.1 Kairanga site was sown exceptionally late, so results are atypical, especially for Saracen and Morph which have a weakvernalisation requirement.

page8 wheat - 2011/2012 grain qualitySpring Sown Wheat Grain Quality Data 2011/2012 SeasonSouthern North IslandCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight(kg/hl)Protein (%)(N% x 5.7)Screenings(%)Falling No.(seconds)Conquest 41 74 12.4 3.3 401Majestic (CRWT139) 38 72 11.9 6.4 333Morph 37 61 11.9 4.2 355Raffles 50 71 10.3 1.5 384Sage 54 73 11.2 1.3 298Saracen 35 62 11.9 5.8 315Sensas (KSW083) 47 78 11.4 0.5 349Torlesse 37 71 11.7 2.1 324CRWT151 43 77 11.5 1.8 346Mean 42 71 11.6 3.0 345LSD 5%* - - - - -Southern North Island site was sown exceptionally late, so results are atypical, especially forSaracen and Morph which have a weak vernalisation requirement.* No LSD available since only one site in the North Island, therefore only one data value per cultivar.CanterburyCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight(kg/hl)Protein (%)(N% x 5.7)Screenings(%)Falling No.(seconds)Conquest 45 76 13.6 0.5 334Majestic (CRWT139) 44 75 11.8 3.0 360Morph 43 69 11.1 1.0 337Raffles 55 74 11.6 0.5 401Sage 53 75 12.0 0.5 364Saracen 47 73 11.5 1.2 344Sensas (KSW083) 48 77 12.3 0.6 363Torlesse 44 74 11.8 1.1 398CRWT151 48 78 12.1 0.5 395Mean 47 75 12.0 1.0 366LSD 5% 4 2 1.0 1.1 41

page9SouthlandCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight(kg/hl)Protein (%)(N% x 5.7)Screenings(%)* No LSD available since only one site in Southland, therefore only one data value per cultivar.The quality data for each region is also presented as a 4 year mean on the individual cultivardescription pages.Falling No.(seconds)Conquest 41 73 15.1 0.9 282Majestic (CRWT139) 43 73 12.9 2.8 444Sage 53 74 13.6 0.8 440Saracen 41 71 12.5 2.3 489Sensas (KSW083) 45 77 13.1 0.8 596CRWT151 44 77 13.2 1.0 684Mean 44 74 13.4 1.4 489LSD 5%* - - - - -

page17Karate, followed with a Twinax herbicide inDecember. Glyphosate was applied in earlyFebruary. The fungicides Mogul and Prolinewere applied once to the trial, in November. Atotal of 120 mm of irrigation was applied in threeapplications. The trial experienced significantlodging and neck break. The trial was harvestedon 5 March 2012.METHVENLyndhurst stony silt loam, IrrigatedTrial operator: John van den Bosch,PGG Wrightson GrainHost farmer: Alan and Brendon MooreThe trial was sown on 25 August 2011 into afield of Cellar following green feed oats afterradish. A total of 92 kg N/ha was applied overthe season in two applications. A Saxon andQuantum herbicide combination was applied inOctober. The trial also received two applicationsof Karate (October) and three fungicide Prolinemixes (November and December). The trialreceived 76 mm irrigation in two applications.The trial established well and was harvested on21 February 2012.SEAFIELDTempleton silt loam, IrrigatedTrial operator: Ross Hanson,Plant & Food ResearchHost farmer: Ross DuncanST ANDREWSClaremont silt loam, IrrigatedTrial operator: Ross Hanson,Plant & Food ResearchHost farmer: Ross and Nigel RathgenThe trial was sown on 23 September 2011 intoa field of Doyen following ryegrass. A total of138 kg N/ha was applied in two applications.Hussar herbicide was applied in November andalso Karate. A Tern and Proline fungicide mixwas applied in late November and a Proline andAmistar mix was applied in January. The trialwas harvested on 14 and 16 March 2012.BALFOURKaweku silt loam, DrylandTrial operator: Stewart Armstrong,Plant and Food ResearchHost farmer: Steve WilkinsThe trial was sown on 12 October 2011 intoa field of Dash following Kale. A total of 115kg N/ha was applied in November in oneapplication and 41 kg N/ha was applied presowing. A herbicide mix was applied to the trialin November (Glean, Supamec and Twinax).Two fungicide applications were made over theseason. The crop had good establishment andwas an even trial. It was harvested on 29 March2012.The trial was sown on 25 August 2011 into afield of Fairview following Kale. A total of 46kg N/ha was applied in one application. Theherbicide programme included a pre emergenceapplication of the combination Gardoprim,Cougar and Centric. Twinax was applied inNovember. The trial received a single applicationof Chlor P aphicide. Three fungicide applicationswere made over the season. Falcon was appliedin early November followed with an applicationof Impulse and Goldazim application in lateNovember. A total of 186 mm irrigation wasapplied accompanying 300 mm of rain over theseason. The trial was harvested on 29 February2012.

page18barley - agronomic commentSpring Sown Barley Agronomic Comment 2011/2012 SeasonCULTIVARYearsin FARtrialsBYDV ScaldNetblotchSpot formof netblotchLeaf rust Mildew RamulariaStrawstrengthCropheightMaturityBooma (CRBA125) 4 Unknown MS MR Unknown MS MR Unknown Moderate Mod-tall Early-intBumpa 5 MS MS MR Unknown MR MRR Unknown Moderate Mod-tall Early-intClassique 2 Unknown (MR) Unknown Unknown (MR) (MRR) Unknown Weak Moderate IntermediateCounty 11 MSS MS* MS MS MR MS MS Mod-stiff Moderate Int-lateDash 16 MSS MS* MR Unknown MR* MS MS Stiff Short EarlyDoyen 8 MS MS* MR MS MS* MS MS Stiff Moderate Int-lateEiffelton 7 (MR) MSS MS Unknown MS MRR (MS) Moderate Mod-tall IntermediateFairview 9 MS MSS MRR Unknown MS* HS MRR Moderate Moderate Early-intFlora 3 Unknown MSS (MR) Unknown MS MRR Unknown Stiff Moderate IntermediateGarner (NFC406-112) 2 Unknown MS Unknown Unknown (MS) (MR) Unknown Stiff Mod-tall IntermediateJimpy 5 (MR) MR MR Unknown MS MS Unknown Mod-stiff Moderate Int-latePutney 6 MR MS MS Unknown MR (MR) MS Mod-stiff Moderate IntermediateQuench 6 MS MR MS Unknown MSS MRR MS Moderate Moderate Int-lateSnakebite 4 (MS) MS MSS Unknown MS MS Unknown Stiff Moderate Early-intSumit (NFC407-142) 2 Unknown MR Unknown Unknown (MS) (MS) Unknown Stiff Short-mod Early-intTavern 11 MS MR MS MS MSS MR* MS Stiff Short-mod IntermediateCRBA124 2 Unknown MSS Unknown Unknown (MS) (MR) Unknown Moderate Mod-tall Early-intCRBA133 1 Unknown (MS) Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Moderate Moderate IntermediateDisease susecptibility sourced from FAR-funded Disease Nurseries and CPT trials (assessmentscarried out by Plant & Food Research).Scores followed by * indicate resistance is affected by pathotypes present (score is an average).“Unknown” indicates there is insufficient trial information in NZ to assess resistance.(brackets) indicate there is limited NZ trial data to assess resistance.KeyHS = highly susceptibleS = susceptibleMSS = mostly susceptibleMS = moderately susceptibleMRMS = intermediate resistanceMR = moderately resistantMRR = mostly resistantR = resistant

arley - 2011/2012 yield (t/ha)page19Spring Sown Barley Cultivar Evaluation 2011/2012 Season - yield (t/ha)CULTIVAR Wanganui Marton SouthernNI meanRegion Manawatu ManawatuSoil TypeMartonclay loamKiwitea siltloamCust Dunsandel Methven SeafieldNorthCanterburyAmberleysilt loamMidCanterburyTempletonsilt loamMidCanterburyLyndhurststony siltloamMidCanterburyTempletonsilt loamStAndrewsSouthCanterburyClaremontsilt loamCanterburymeanBalfourNorthernSouthlandKawekusilt loamDryland/Irrigated Dryland Dryland Irrigated Irrigated Irrigated Irrigated Irrigated DrylandPrevious crop Barley Barley Barley RyegrassGreen feedoats/radishKale Ryegrass KaleSowing date 1 Nov 1 Dec 8 Sep 22 Sep 25 Aug 25 Aug 23 Sep 12 OctHarvest date 29 Feb 6 Feb 6 Mar 5 Mar 21 Feb 29 Feb 14-15 Mar 29 MarBooma (CRBA125) 8.0 6.6 7.3 8.6 10.1 9.8 8.6 6.2 8.7 6.8Bumpa 8.2 5.8 7.0 7.8 9.7 10.9 9.1 6.2 8.7 7.0Classique 7.5 5.5 6.5 8.2 10.4 8.8 8.7 6.1 8.4 6.6County 7.8 6.2 7.0 8.0 9.3 9.8 8.9 5.9 8.4 6.6Dash 7.9 5.8 6.8 8.3 9.8 10.2 8.6 5.1 8.4 6.6Doyen 7.4 6.3 6.8 7.3 9.7 9.9 8.0 5.2 8.0 7.4Eiffelton 6.7 5.8 6.2 7.9 8.7 8.0 7.8 5.5 7.6 -Fairview 7.5 5.7 6.6 7.6 9.4 8.7 8.0 5.7 7.9 -Flora 8.0 5.7 6.8 8.0 9.8 8.2 9.1 5.9 8.2 6.8Garner (NFC406-112) 8.1 5.9 7.0 8.6 10.0 10.6 9.9 6.6 9.2 7.1Jimpy 7.4 6.3 6.9 7.8 10.2 8.1 8.2 6.3 8.1 -Putney 7.3 6.2 6.7 - - - - - - -Quench 7.9 5.9 6.9 8.9 10.0 10.4 9.2 6.4 9.0 7.6Snakebite 7.3 5.7 6.5 8.8 9.7 10.7 8.7 5.9 8.8 6.9Sumit (NFC407-142) 7.8 6.1 7.0 8.9 10.2 9.8 9.3 6.2 8.9 7.0Tavern 7.1 5.6 6.3 8.7 9.7 11.0 9.0 6.0 8.9 7.8CRBA124 7.9 5.7 6.8 9.4 10.6 9.1 9.5 6.3 9.0 7.9CRBA133 8.3 6.5 7.4 8.4 10.4 9.4 9.3 6.6 8.8 8.1Site mean yield 7.7 6.0 6.8 8.3 9.9 9.6 8.8 6.0 8.5 7.2LSD 5% 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7CV% 4.3 4.2 - 5.8 3.2 6.7 4.8 6.0 - 7.0- Cultivar not included in that particular trial.

page20barley - 2011/2012 grain qualitySpring Sown Barley Grain Quality Data 2011/2012 SeasonSouthern North IslandCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight(kg/hl)Protein (%)(N% x 6.25)Screenings (%)Booma (CRBA125) 48 63 9.2 2.7Bumpa 52 61 9.3 3.3Classique 53 63 9.3 2.1County 54 63 9.5 2.2Dash 47 61 9.5 5.0Doyen 53 62 10.1 2.3Eiffelton 52 64 10.4 1.7Fairview 50 62 9.8 3.1Flora 53 60 8.8 2.3Garner (NFC406-112) 51 61 9.1 2.4Jimpy 51 63 9.5 1.4Putney 56 63 9.7 1.2Quench 51 62 9.3 2.0Snakebite 54 60 9.5 1.5Sumit (NFC407-142) 50 60 9.4 3.1Tavern 52 63 9.8 2.0CRBA124 50 60 9.1 3.3CRBA133 50 60 8.5 3.0Mean 52 62 9.5 2.5LSD 5% 2 2 0.5 1.3The quality data for each region is also presented as a 4 year mean on the individual cultivardescription pages.

page21CanterburyCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight Protein (%)(kg/hl) (N% x 6.25)Screenings (%)Booma (CRBA125) 49 63 9.7 2.8Bumpa 54 63 9.7 4.3Classique 53 62 9.4 2.6County 53 63 10.0 2.1Dash 49 63 10.3 2.0Doyen 55 63 10.5 2.3Eiffelton 53 62 10.7 1.1Fairview 51 63 10.4 1.9Flora 55 61 9.4 2.2Garner (NFC406-112) 52 62 9.4 1.9Jimpy 50 63 10.1 1.8Quench 51 61 9.5 2.7Snakebite 56 61 9.9 1.7Sumit (NFC407-142) 52 61 9.2 2.1Tavern 52 64 9.9 1.0CRBA124 51 62 9.5 2.5CRBA133 51 60 8.9 5.0Mean 52 62 9.8 2.3LSD 5% 2 1 0.5 2.5SouthlandCULTIVART.G.W. (g)Test Weight Protein (%)(kg/hl) (N% x 6.25)Screenings (%)Booma (CRBA125) 41 60 12.6 3.2Bumpa 47 63 12.5 2.1Classique 51 60 13.5 3.2County 51 62 13.8 3.6Dash 46 60 13.1 2.6Doyen 54 64 13.0 1.1Flora 50 61 12.2 3.7Garner (NFC406-112) 52 62 12.6 2.3Quench 53 61 12.8 2.6Snakebite 50 61 13.6 2.7Sumit (NFC407-142) 50 58 12.5 5.4Tavern 51 63 12.2 3.2CRBA124 49 61 12.4 3.2CRBA133 50 62 11.6 2.1Mean 50 61 12.7 2.9LSD 5% - - - -* No LSD available since only one site in Southland, therefore only one data value per cultivar.The quality data for each region is also presented as a 4 year mean on the individual cultivardescription pages.

page22 barley - 4 year adjusted meanSpring Sown Barley - 4 year adjusted mean - relative yield by siteCULTIVAR Wanganui MartonRegion Manawatu ManawatuSoil TypeMartonclay loamKiwitea siltloamSouthernNI meanCust Dunsandel SeafieldNorthCanterburyAmberleyMidCanterburyMidCanterburysilt loam Templeton silt loam silt loamTempletonCantymeanChatton BalfourCentralNorthernSouthland SouthlandNorthernWaikoikoisilt loamKaweku siltloamSouthlandmeanDryland / Irrigated Dryland Dryland Irrigated Irrigated Irrigated Dryland DrylandNo. of trials 4 4 8 4 4 4 19 3 4 7Booma (CRBA125) 103 105 104 105 102 104 103 95 102 98Bumpa 104 100 102 99 98 103 102 100 98 98Classique 97 94 96 94 104 98 97 96 98 97County 101 99 100 96 100 97 98 95 95 94Dash 99 96 97 98 97 97 98 98 95 96Doyen 99 99 99 93 100 98 98 100 94 96Eiffelton 91 96 93 95 88 93 91 - - -Fairview 96 98 97 93 95 94 93 - - -Flora 101 100 101 96 100 99 98 97 98 97Garner (NFC406-112) 105 104 105 104 100 108 106 103 102 102Jimpy 95 99 97 97 101 95 99 - - -Putney 100 102 101 - - - - - - -Quench 100 102 101 107 101 100 102 100 97 98Snakebite 101 98 100 103 99 99 102 101 99 100Sumit (NFC407-142) 102 101 102 108 102 103 104 105 101 102Tavern 95 96 96 103 102 100 103 103 104 103CRBA124 100 101 101 109 104 106 103 107 104 105CRBA133 109 109 109 102 106 106 104 - 113 112Site mean 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100yield (t/ha) (7.3) (6.5) (6.9) (7.8) (9.3) (8.6) (7.8) (9.4) (7.7) (8.4)LSD (estab. cv) 7 7 5 6 4 5 3 7 7 5LSD (new vs est) 11 11 7 9 6 8 5 - 12 10- Cultivar not included in that particular trial.LSD (estab. cv) is for comparing two “established” cultivars (that have both been in all trials).LSD (new vs est) is for comparing a “new” (first year) cultivar with an “established” cultivar.These 4-year adjusted mean relative yields are also presented in graphical form on the following pages for each individual cultivar.For Canterbury, mean relative yields are also given for the 5 Dryland sites and 14 Irrigated sites on these pages.

arley cultivar descriptionspage23BOOMA (CRBA125) YEAR 4In its fourth year of CPT2 trials Booma hasyielded above average. The cultivar hasshown moderate susceptibility to leaf rustand scald but moderate resistance to netblotch and powdery mildew. Low thousandgrain weights but good test weights.BUMPA YEAR 5Average yielding cultivar in Canterburyand the southern North Island with highyields on Canterbury dryland sites. Bumpais moderately resistant to leaf rust and netblotch, but moderately susceptible to scald.Large grain weight.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour95103105105102104102WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour10410099981031009885 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 103Irrigated sites (4 year) 104DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately resistantBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerate-tallMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 46 46 46Test weight (kg/hl) 63 63 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.0 10.6 12.0Screenings (%) 3.4 3.0 3.0END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSejetHead LicenseePlant & Food ResearchAgentLuisetti SeedsNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 106Irrigated sites (4 year) 101DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately resistantPowdery mildewMostly resistantBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerate-tallMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 53 54 54Test weight (kg/hl) 63 63 62Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 9.9 10.6 12.2Screenings (%) 2.1 2.2 1.6END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSejetHead LicenseePlant & Food ResearchAgentLuisetti SeedsNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page24barley cultivar descriptionsCLASSIQUE YEAR 2Classique is a German cultivar which hasyielded below average. Good resistance toscald, powdery mildew and leaf rust. Highthousand grain weight.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)COUNTY YEAR 11Below average yielding feed variety. Thevariety has variable disease resistancebeing susceptible to scald, net blotchand Ramularia, it is however moderatelyresistant to leaf rust. In terms of standingpower, it has good straw strength andmoderate straw height.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour979494989698104WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour101999610097959585 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 90Irrigated sites (4 year) 98DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately resistantNet form of net blotchUnknownSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately resistantPowdery mildewMostly resistantBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthWeakCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 53 52 52Test weight (kg/hl) 63 61 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.5 10.7 12.5Screenings (%) 1.6 3.1 1.9END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederBreun, GermanyHead LicenseeCanterbury Seeds LtdAgentCanterbury Seeds LtdNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 99Irrigated sites (4 year) 98DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleSpot form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleLeaf rustModerately resistantPowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVMostly susceptibleRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerate-stiffCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediate-lateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 54 52 52Test weight (kg/hl) 64 63 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.6 11.0 12.7Screenings (%) 1.5 1.6 2.1END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederNew Farm Crops, UKHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentPGG Wrightson GrainNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page25DASH YEAR 16Early maturing feed cultivar with averageyields on dryland sites. It has susceptibilityto scald, mildew and ramularia but moderateresistance to leaf rust and net blotch. Interms of standing power, it has excellentstraw strength and relatively short straw.DOYEN YEAR 8Average yielding feed barley. It hasstiff straw strength with sound diseaseresistance against net blotch thoughmoderately susceptible to leaf rust, mildewand ramularia. Watch for scald. Large grainweight.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour99969897979895WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour939499991009810085 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 101Irrigated sites (4 year) 98DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately resistantPowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVMostly susceptibleRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightShortMaturityEarlyGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 46 46 46Test weight (kg/hl) 62 62 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.8 11.5 12.6Screenings (%) 4.4 3.3 2.6END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederNew Farm Crops, UKHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentPGG Wrightson GrainNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 101Irrigated sites (4 year) 97DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediate-lateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 54 54 55Test weight (kg/hl) 63 63 63Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.7 11.1 12.6Screenings (%) 2.5 1.7 1.4END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederNew Farm Crops, UKHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentLuisetti Seeds, Seed Production,Central Grain & SeedNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page26barley cultivar descriptionsEIFFELTON YEAR 7Below average yielding malting barleycultivar. Moderately susceptible to diseasewith the exception of powdery mildew.Good grain weight and low screenings %.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)FAIRVIEW YEAR 9Fairview is the preferred malting barleyvariety by brewers in New Zealand. Abelow average yielding malting cultivar inCanterbury, but average in the southernNorth Island. Fairview has moderate strawstrength, and crop height. Fairview is quitedisease susceptible particularly to mildewand scald.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour9196958893WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour969893959485 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 92Irrigated sites (4 year) 91DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldMostly susceptibleNet form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewMostly resistantBYDVModerately resistantRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerate-tallMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 51 52 -Test weight (kg/hl) 64 63 -Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 11.0 11.6 -Screenings (%) 1.8 1.2 -END USEMaltingBACKGROUNDBreederMalteuropHead LicenseeMalteuropAgentMalteurop85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 89Irrigated sites (4 year) 94DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldMostly susceptibleNet form of net blotchMostly resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewHighly susceptibleBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotMostly resistantFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerateMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 50 50 -Test weight (kg/hl) 62 63 -Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.7 11.4 -Screenings (%) 3.2 1.9 -END USEMaltingBACKGROUNDBreederMalteuropHead LicenseeMalteuropAgentMalteurop

page27FLORA YEAR 3Average yielding cultivar with high grainweight. Disease management programmeshould account for scald and leaf rustsusceptibility. Mostly resistant to mildew.Large grain weight.GARNER (NFC406-112) YEAR 2High yielding feed cultivar at Canterburysites. Watch for scald and leaf rust.Moderately resistant to powdery mildew.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour10110096100999798WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour10510410410010810310285 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 102Irrigated sites (4 year) 97DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldMostly susceptibleNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewMostly resistantBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 54 53 54Test weight (kg/hl) 62 60 60Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 9.7 10.2 11.5Screenings (%) 1.9 2.3 1.7END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederAckermanHead LicenseePlant Research LtdAgentCates Grain and SeedNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 109Irrigated sites (4 year) 106DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchUnknownSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately resistantBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightModerate-tallMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 51 51 54Test weight (kg/hl) 63 61 62Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.0 10.5 11.9Screenings (%) 2.1 2.3 1.6END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSyngenta SeedsHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentPGG Wrightson GrainNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page28barley cultivar descriptionsJIMPY YEAR 5Malting cultivar with high yields inCanterbury. Has moderate resistanceto scald and net blotch but moderatesusceptibility to leaf rust and powderymildew.PUTNEY YEAR 6Average yielding feed cultivar in thesouthern North Island. Putney has shownmoderate susceptibility to scald and NetBlotch but moderate resistance to leaf rustand Ramularia. Moderate-stiff straw withintermediate maturity.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour95999710195WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour100102IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 104Irrigated sites (4 year) 97DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately resistantNet form of net blotchModerately resistantSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVModerately resistantRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerate-stiffCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediate-lateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 50 50 -Test weight (kg/hl) 63 63 -Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.6 10.9 -Screenings (%) 1.7 2.0 -END USEMaltingBACKGROUNDBreederHead LicenseeAgent85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120MalteuropMalteuropMalteurop85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) -Irrigated sites (4 year) -DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately resistantPowdery mildewModerately resistantBYDVModerately resistantRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerate-stiffCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 55 - -Test weight (kg/hl) 64 - -Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.4 - -Screenings (%) 1.8 - -END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreeder Nickerson International Research SNCHead LicenseePGG Wrightson GrainAgentPGG Wrightson Grain

page29QUENCH YEAR 6Above average yielding feed varietyperforming well in both autumn and springtrials. Good resistance to scald and mildewbut susceptible to leaf rust and Ramularia.Moderate standing power and crop heightcombined with intermediate-late maturity.SNAKEBITE YEAR 4Snakebite is an above average yieldingcultivar in Canterbury. Snakebite has shownto be relatively susceptible to disease. Goodgrain weight with stiff straw and an early tointermediate maturity.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour97100102101100100107WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour1019810399991019985 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 100Irrigated sites (4 year) 103DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately resistantNet form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustMostly susceptiblePowdery mildewMostly resistantBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediate-lateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 51 51 52Test weight (kg/hl) 63 62 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.2 10.6 12.1Screenings (%) 1.9 2.0 1.5END USEFeed, Malting potentialBACKGROUNDBreederNew Farm Crops, UKHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgent PGG Wrightson Grain, Ruapehu Farm Supplies (NI)Note: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 104Irrigated sites (4 year) 101DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchMostly susceptibleSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightModerateMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 55 54 55Test weight (kg/hl) 62 61 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.5 10.8 12.5Screenings (%) 1.3 1.3 1.5END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSyngenta SeedsHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentRavensdownNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page30barley cultivar descriptionsSUMIT (NFC407-142) YEAR 2In its second year in the CPT2 trials, Sumithas yielded above average. It is moderatelyresistant to scald, but is moderatelysusceptible to leaf rust and mildew. Thiscultivar has stiff straw, short to moderatecrop height and is early to intermediatematuring.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)TAVERN YEAR 11Above average yields for Canterbury andSouthland and below average yield in thesouthern North Island. Excellent strawstrength combined with short-moderate cropheight. Monitor for disease since moderatelysusceptible to the majority of diseasesassessed.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour102101108102103105101WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour959610310210010310485 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 103Irrigated sites (4 year) 104DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately resistantNet form of net blotchUnknownSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately susceptibleBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightShort-moderateMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 50 51 50Test weight (kg/hl) 62 61 58Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.2 10.2 12.1Screenings (%) 2.6 2.5 3.4END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSyngenta SeedsHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentSeed ProductionNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 104Irrigated sites (4 year) 103DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately resistantNet form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleSpot form of net blotch Moderately susceptibleLeaf rustMostly susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately resistantBYDVModerately susceptibleRamularia leaf spotModerately susceptibleFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthStiffCrop heightShort-moderateMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 52 51 51Test weight (kg/hl) 64 64 63Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 10.7 10.7 11.8Screenings (%) 1.6 1.5 1.6END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederNew Farm Crops, UKHead LicenseeCropmark SeedsAgentPGG Wrightson GrainNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.

page31CRBA124 YEAR 2CRBA124 has yielded above averageon Canterbury and Southland trial sites.Monitor for disease as mostly susceptibleto scald and moderately susceptible to leafrust.CRBA133 YEAR 1In its first year of spring drilled CPT2 trials,CRBA133 yielded very high in southern NorthIsland and Southland trial sites and aboveaverage in Canterbury. CRBA133 is moderatelysusceptible to scald. High screenings at oneCanterbury trial site.RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)RELATIVE YIELDS – 4 year adjusted mean(% of site mean yield)WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour100101109104106107104WanganuiMartonCustDunsandelSeafieldChattonBalfour10210910910610611385 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) 93Irrigated sites (4 year) 104DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldMostly susceptibleNet form of net blotchUnknownSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustModerately susceptiblePowdery mildewModerately resistantBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerate-tallMaturityEarly-intermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 49 50 52Test weight (kg/hl) 61 61 61Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 9.8 10.4 11.8Screenings (%) 3.8 2.2 1.9END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSejetHead LicenseePlant & Food ResearchAgentCanterbury Seeds LtdNote: Chatton is a 3 year mean.85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120IRRIGATION RESPONSE (Canterbury rel yield)Dryland sites (4 year) -Irrigated sites (4 year) 104DISEASE RESISTANCEScaldModerately susceptibleNet form of net blotchUnknownSpot form of net blotchUnknownLeaf rustUnknownPowdery mildewUnknownBYDVUnknownRamularia leaf spotUnknownFIELD CHARACTERISTICSStraw strengthModerateCrop heightModerateMaturityIntermediateGRAIN QUALITY (4 year means) Sth Nth Is Canty SthldTGW (g) 50 50 52Test weight (kg/hl) 61 59 62Protein (%) (N% x 6.25) 9.4 9.9 10.9Screenings (%) 2.9 4.9 1.1END USEFeedBACKGROUNDBreederSejetHead LicenseePlant & Food ResearchAgentNot yet appointed

page32 sowing date guidelinesSpring sown wheat and barley – Sowing date guidelines 2012These guidelines have been constructed from FAR sowing date trial data combined with agronomicexperience and in the case of some new cultivars, UK information is also used.‘Optimal’ sowing dates – ‘Less ideal’ sowing dates –WHEAT JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBERMajestic (CRWT139)RafflesTorlesseSaracenCRWT151SageMorphConquestSensas (KSW083)BARLEY JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBERQuenchCountyDoyenEiffeltonFairviewJimpyPutneyTavernBooma (CRBA125)CRBA124DashBumpaClassiqueGarner (NFC406-112)SnakebiteSumit (NFC407-142)CRBA133Flora

sowing rate calculationpage33This calculation uses several variables to givean accurate answer for suggested sowingrates.To use the calculation you will need to know thefollowing:• the plant population you want to establishfor your crop,• the thousand grain weight of the seed,• the germination percentage (%) of the seed,• the expected crop emergence – this isdetermined by time of sowing, seed qualityand management factors (e.g. seedtreatment, sowing depth, seed-bed quality).The steps to follow are:THOUSAND GRAIN WEIGHTIf using certified seed, the value for thousandgrain weight (TGW) should be available on theseed bag or on request. If you need to calculateit for yourself, the number of seeds you willneed to count will depend on the accuracy ofyour scales. Make sure your seed sample isrepresentative of the whole line.i. If you have scales that will weigh to 0.1g,count 200 seeds, weigh them and multiply theweight by 5 to get 1000 seed weight.ii. If not, count and weigh 1000 seeds.GERMINATION PERCENTAGE (%)This should also be on the bag label or onrequest. A purity and germination (P&G) testfigure is usually quoted. Germination testsdetermine the maximum germination potentialof a given seed line. Under certain conditionsin the field it is often noted by producers thatthe laboratory germination result overestimatesseedling emergence. Although there are manyfactors that may influence the final plantpopulation, the observed differences are also aresult of the physiological quality of a particularseed line and its tolerance to stress. Cautionis advised as the germination figure does notequate to the percentage of seeds expected toemerge in the field.EMERGENCE PERCENTAGE (%)Emergence percentage is an estimate basedon actual emergence in the field. Furtherinformation can be gained from ‘stress tests’and ‘vigour tests’. These test results are notusually available but should hopefully be onrequest. Experience certainly helps whendeciding on this figure.Examples of emergence % could be:• June sown: 80% emergence• July sown: 75% emergence (assumes maybepoorer quality seedbed, sown too deep, coldsoil conditions)• August - October sown: 80-90% emergence(assumes soil moisture availability andincreasing soil temperatures)SOWING target plant population (p/m 2 )RATE = x TGW (g) x 100(kg/ha) % germination x % emergenceExamples:SPRING WHEATA wheat sample 1000 seed wt = 45gB % germination = 90%C % emergence = 90%D target plant density = 250pl/m 2E required sowing rate is 139kg/haSPRING BARLEYA barley sample 1000 seed wt = 40gB % germination = 90%C % emergence = 85%D target plant density = 225pl/m 2E required sowing rate is 118kg/haThe calculation can be transformed todetermine the actual emergence % achieved(useful if poor establishment):% actual plant population (p/m 2 )EMERGENCE = x TGW (g) x 100sowing rate (kg/ha)x % germinationThe actual plant population needs to becounted in the field (rod or quadrat methods)for the above calculation, whilst TGW, sowingrate and germination % are figures that wereknown at drilling.

page36PATHOGEN THRESHOLDSGuidelines for seed-borne disease thresholdsbased on NIAB (UK) and NZ experiences:• If < 10% Fusarium Microdochium or 5%Drechslera infection sow untreated seedbefore 1 May or after 1 October.• Treat if sowing after 1 May or before1 October.• All seed should be treated if the cereal followsmaize as Fusarium risk is higher.• Zero threshold exists for loose smut and barleyseed-borne mosaic virus. Seedlines withloose smut will be rejected from certificationand uncertified seed must be treated.• Seed treatments may not be needed onhigh quality seed (seed quality details shouldbe freely available from seed merchant) andif the seedline is not repeatedly sown withouttreatment.Reminder: in spring sown cereals, aphicidesdo not give the same length of protection asautumn treatments due to the acceleratedgrowth rates of the crop and thus increasedrates of product breakdown.Additionally, pressure on crops from flyingaphids is also greater in spring crops,thereby increasing the importance of pestmanagement.SEED TREATMENT STRATEGIESCONSIDERATIONS:• In damaged (e.g. cracked) seed all productshave the potential to reduce establishmentand, in severe cases, yield. Raxil thenVitaflo are the least likely to delay emergenceof damaged seed. Delayed emergence maybe critical for late autumn sowings.• Vitaflo or Raxil control low Fusarium levelsbut MBC is needed for higher levels.• Ideally, reject seedlines which test over20-25% Fusarium and/or with a P&Ggermination of < 85%. However, seasonalconditions will impact on availability of seedwith these levels.• Seed treatments do not reduce the incidenceof Fusarium head blight in the crop.INSECTICIDEGaucho and Poncho are the only registeredinsecticide seed treatments, providing somecontrol of aphids and grass grub. Theyshould provide control of aphids up until theplant reaches GS13/21 or as the first tiller isappearing. Poncho is also registered for use inwheat for control of grass grub and argentinestem weevil.

glossary of termspage37TGWTest weightProtein %Falling numberScreenings %4 year adjustedmeanLimited dataRelative yieldLSDCV%Stripe rustLeaf rustSeptoria leaf blotch(SLB)Powdery mildewFusarium head scabThousand grain (seed) weight, reported in grams (g). Grain size is neededboth as a measure of grain quality and for calculating sowing rates.Measured in kilograms per hectolitre (kg/hl), test weight is an indicationof grain density. Test weight is reported at a standard grain moistureof 14%.The protein content is obtained by measuring the nitrogen (N) contentand using a conversion factor to calculate the protein %. The conversionfactors in this booklet are N x 5.7 for all wheat and N x 6.25 for all barley.Some feed wheat users choose to use N x 6.25. To convert the wheatprotein from 5.7 to 6.25 use a conversion factor of 1.096 x protein %.An indicator of sprouting if scores are low, falling number (FN) is an indirectmeasure of alpha-amylase levels in the grain with low FN indicating highalpha-amylase activity. FAR does not test falling number on feed wheat,only milling wheats.Percentage of small grains, weed seeds and foreign matter which passthrough a 2.0 mm rotoscreen.A “4-year adjusted mean” is a mean over trials in the last 4 years.This mean has been adjusted statistically to take account of the absenceof some cultivars in some trials (for example, if a cultivar was missingfrom an especially high-yielding trial, it would otherwise be unfairlydisadvantaged). This adjustment enables fair comparisons betweencultivars within each site and region.For newer cultivars which we have only evaluated for one or two years,we may not have sufficient disease or agronomic observations to feelconfident about the data presented. In this case the data is given inbrackets ( ).Yields relative to a base 100 are given where 100 is the average yieldacross all cultivars. These relative yields make it easier to compare siteswhich may differ widely in mean yields.The “Least Significant Difference”, or LSD, is used to compare the meanyields of two cultivars. The difference in yield between two cultivars mustbe greater than the LSD for those two cultivars to be proven different(statistically at P=0.05). For example, if the LSD is 0.8, a difference betweentwo cultivars of 0.5 is not ‘proven’, while a difference of 1.2 is proven.The “Coefficient of Variation”, or CV%, is another measure of the variabilityin a trial. If the differences between cultivars are similar across all replicates,the trial CV% is low (10%), there is a high level of unexplained variation, and thetrial results are less accurate.Disease caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici.Disease caused by Puccinia recondite f.sp. tritici.Disease caused by Septoria tritici, (perfect stage Mycosphaerellagraminicola).Disease caused by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici.Disease caused by Fusarium spp.

page38 paddock sowing recordThe table below is for you to record your cultivar choice and other useful information for yourpaddock history.An example is provided.PaddockCultivarnameSowingrate(kg/ha)SeedtreatmentAreasown(ha)Fertiliser(kg/ha)SowingdateBluegum Doyen 96kg/ha Raxil 10ha DAP 200 3 May

acknowledgementspage39FAR would like to name and thank the people who have helped contribute to the timelyproduction of this booklet:HOST FARMERS:Alan and Brendon MooreBrian SaundersCraige MackenzieEric WatsonGeorge RedmondGraeme GardyneMurray KnoxNigel BarnettPaul MackintoshRoss DuncanRoss and Nigel RathgenSteve WilkinsWinston GarteryTRIAL OPERATORS:Bede McCloyGerrard PileJohn van den BoschKevin SinclairMatt HicksRoss HansonStewart ArmstrongGRADING TESTS:Hannah GoulterBIOMETRICIAN:Dave SavilleCONTRIBUTING SCIENTIST:Matthew CromeyNew Zealand ArablePGG Wrightson GrainPGG Wrightson GrainPlant & Food ResearchCropmark Seeds LtdPlant & Food ResearchPlant & Food ResearchPGG Wrightson SeedsSaville Statistical ConsultingPlant & Food ResearchFINANCIAL CONTRIBUTORS:FAR levy payersNZ Flour Millers AssociationNew Zealand Grain & Seed Trade Association (NZGSTA)GRAPHIC DESIGNER:Melissa HillmerBOOKLET PRODUCTION:Hannah PetersenRob CraigieBNS Design & PrintFoundation for Arable ResearchFoundation for Arable Research

page40 notes

ADDING VALUE TO THE BUSINESS OF ARABLE FARMINGPO Box 23133TempletonChristchurch 8445New ZealandTel: 03 345 5783Fax: 03 341 7061Email: far@far.org.nzwww.far.org.nz