Transactions from the Xth International Orthoptics Congress 2004

Therefore, the present orthoptic/ophthalmologic evaluation was initiated as a part of amultidisciplinary examination including a paediatric/neuropaediatric and psychologicalinvestigation.Material and MethodsAll children (n=99, 54 boys and 45 girls) born between 1990 and 1995, adopted during 1993–1997 from Poland, Romania, Russia, Estonia and Latvia through authorised adoption agenciesin Sweden and living in Västra Götaland region were invited to participate in the study. Aprospective study in 72 children (41 boys and 31 girls) was performed and the group werecompared with 90 age- and sex-matched Swedish school children (“ref”). The children’smean age at the evaluation was 7.5 years (range 4.8–10.5 years). There was no differenceregarding sex and age between the participants and the non-participants.Maternal alcohol abuse was suspected in twenty- four children (33%), according to the preadoptiondocuments. Forty-six per cent of the children were born small for gestational age,and 30% were considered to have been born pre-term. Detailed data on the adoptees’ healthbefore adoption, at the time of arrival and after 5 years in their new home country will bepresented elsewhere (Landgren M, unpublished data 2004).Heterotropia was diagnosed with the monolateral cover test and heterophoria, with thealternate cover test at both 3 m (in five directions) and 0.3 m. The definition of “heterophoria”was a deviation ≥2 prism dioptre (pD). All measurements were performed with the alternateprism and cover test at the same distances and directions, with and without best correction.Stereo acuity was primarily investigated with the TNO test. Children who were unable toidentify the TNO figures were examined with the Lang 1 or Titmus test. Normal stereo acuitywas defined as 60” or better and subnormal acuity, as 100–3 000”.Statistical analysisFor a comparison between two groups, Mann-Whitney’s U-test was used for ordered andcontinuous variables; for dichotomous variables, Fisher’s exact test was used. All tests weretwo-tailed and conducted at the 5% significance level. The reference group for this study wasselected individual by individual by minimizing the maximal t-values between the group ofadopted children and a reference group of healthy Swedish school-aged children, over thevariables age and sex.ResultsSeventy-eight per cent of the adopted children (ref 29%) had ocular findings of significance(p