than animal-derivedfoods. One studydemonstrated iodinedeficiency in twentyfivepercent of vegetariansand anincredible eightypercent of vegans,compared with onlynine percent of thoseconsuming a mixeddiet that containedmeat.While urinary testing (“spot” or twenty-four-hour urinecollection) is used in epidemiologic studies to assessiodine adequacy in a population, the method suffersfrom great day-to-day variation in specific individualsand is therefore not generally used in daily practice.With the difficulty in directly assessing a specific individual’siodine status, indirect assessment can be madeby looking for signs of hypothyroidism. When iodineintake is inadequate, thyroid hormone production suffers,resulting in hypothyroidism. The most commonsymptoms include abnormal fatigue, intolerance to cold,cold hands and feet, foggy thinking or difficulty concentrating,increased need for sleep, dry skin, thinning hair,and constipation. The presence of any of these symptomsis suggestive of low thyroid hormone levels andpossibly low iodine levels.measures generally gravitate back to a more favorablerange with iodine replacement.Should You Supplement With Iodine?Everyone needs iodine. Just as anyone deprived of vitaminC will develop scurvy, iodine is likewise essential—without it, health suffers profoundly.Conventional wisdom holds that iodine deficiency israre, since everyone presumably obtains sufficientquantities through iodized salt and processed foods.But the emerging data, including growing rates ofiodine deficiency in the most health conscious individuals,suggests otherwise. Obtaining iodine through useof iodized salt is potentially unhealthy, since saltincreases blood pressure and causes fluid retention insusceptible individuals. Increased sodium intake canalso increase risk of certain cancers. Obtaining iodinefrom dietary salt is also unreliable, since the iodinecontent is so inconsistent.While the RDA for iodine remains at 150 mcg per day,it is not clear that 150 mcg is sufficient for perfect thyroidhealth. The dose for ideal health may be higher, perhapssubstantially higher, in people who exercise, veg-Body temperature also provides insights into thyroidhealth, since the thyroid is the body’s thermoregulatoryorgan. By taking an oral temperature first thing uponwaking before getting out of bed, you can get an approximationof the body’s lowest overnight temperature,which correlates with thyroid status. Oral temperaturesconsistently
ans, vegetarians, and anyone who has experienced aperiod of iodine scarcity that has depleted iodine stores.Several forms of iodine are available as single supplements.Note that many multivitamins and multi-mineralscontain the RDAof 150 mcg. Kelpis one usefulsource of multipleforms ofiodine that mimicsthe Japaneseexperience ofconsuming seaweed.In my clinic, aspart of our effortto achieve heartdisease preventionand reversal,I have patientsincrease iodineintake to 500-1,000 mcg per day. Side effects with thisdose are very unusual.If hypothyroidism is present, iodine intake may need tobe individualized by your health care provider. Rarely,someone with hypothyroidism will develop an abnormalthyroid response to iodine. This occurs because iodinedeficiency perturbs thyroid function; restoring iodinecan worsen the situation temporarily and trigger transientexcessive thyroid activity.But don’t be frightened of iodine. It is no more dangerousthan a modest application of iodized salt on yourevening meal.As word spreads about how much iodine insufficiencyexists in the Western diet, I anticipate supplement companieswill increase the amount of low-cost iodine containedin their multi-nutrient products.Reprinted with permission from Life Extension Magazine,www.lef.org.www.earthstarmag.comOCTOBER / NOVEMBER 2009 EARTH STAR 69