Main damages on upper die in industrial hot forging Glavne ... - RMZ
Main damages on upper die in industrial hot forging Glavne ... - RMZ
Main damages on upper die in industrial hot forging Glavne ... - RMZ
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<str<strong>on</strong>g>Ma<strong>in</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>damages</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>on</strong> <strong>upper</strong> <strong>die</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustrial <strong>hot</strong> forg<strong>in</strong>g461to its spall<strong>in</strong>g; compound layer isnamely very brittle <strong>in</strong> comparis<strong>on</strong>to the diffusi<strong>on</strong> layer. Moreover,as menti<strong>on</strong>ed above, nitrides werepresent <strong>on</strong> gra<strong>in</strong> boundaries of nitridedmicrostructure that decreasedtoughness and accelerated spall<strong>in</strong>gof fragments.As already menti<strong>on</strong>ed, cracks werealso found <strong>in</strong> the diffusi<strong>on</strong> layer <strong>on</strong>the <strong>upper</strong> edge hav<strong>in</strong>g lengths ofabout 96 μm (Figure 6) and <strong>on</strong> thetop of the mandrel with lengths ofabout 69 μm (Figure 5). Compoundlayer <strong>on</strong> the top of the mandrel alsoexhibited crack<strong>in</strong>g as c<strong>on</strong>sequenceFigure 7. Hardness profile and cross-secti<strong>on</strong>al microstructure <strong>in</strong> the middlepart of mandrelFigure 8. Hardness profile and cross-secti<strong>on</strong>al microstructure <strong>on</strong> the bottomedge of mandrel.<strong>RMZ</strong>-M&G 2010, 57
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