Subglottic hemangioma

Tracheal hemangioma

Post excision hemangioma

Vascular rings Embryonic structures that persist duringfetal development of aortic arch High incidence of co-existing congenitalheart disease Dysphagia, stridor, dyspnea Recurrent respiratory infections

Pulmonary artery sling Aberrant left pulmonary artery arising fromright pulmonary artery Crosses right mainstem bronchus andthen from right to left, posterior to thetrachea or carina and anterior to theesophagus, to reach the hilum of the leftlung Compression of lower trachea, rightmainstem bronchus and esophagus High associated with complete trachealringsAnn Thorac Surg. 2005 Jan;79(1):38-46

3 types:Tracheal stenosis Generalized hypoplasia Segmental stenosis Funnel-likelike stenosis Complete tracheal rings Absence of the posterior membranoustrachea Nearly always leads respiratory distress 30% association with pulmonary artery sling