Edible Bean Agronomy and Pest Management Research Results 2010

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Desiccation (Year 2 of 4)Locations: Three studies were conducted at each of the following locations:1) Huron Research Station (Exeter ON) using cranberry and navy bean market classes2) University of Manitoba (Carmen MB) using pinto bean market class3) AAFC Lethbridge (AB) using small red market classWeather conditions in ON were excellent, and all of the studies were harvested without incident.In MB, the studies were replanted due to wet conditions early in the growing season. Cool andwet conditions in the fall delayed harvest, but meaningful data was collected. In AB, continualwet weather throughout the growing season and an early fall frost, forced the abandonment of thestudies at this location.Tankmix Study: Ignite, Aim, Valtera and Eragon were evaluated at two rates and Reglone wasevaluated at three rates. Each product was compared to the full label rate of glyphosate. Eachdesiccant was applied alone and in a tankmix with glyphosate, which gave a total of 24treatments for the study.Results from Ontario – Pod dry down was highest with diquat, glufosinate ammonium andflumioxazin, and slowest with glyphosate. For stem dry down, flumioxazin and saflufenacilwere the fastest, and glyphosate was the slowest. For leaf dry down, flumioxazin, diquat andsaflufenacil were the fastest, while glyphosate was the slowest.A tankmix of glyphosate and each did not impact the dry down leaves and pods until 8 days afterapplication (DAA) and the dry down of stems until 12-16 DAA. Carfentrazone appeared tobenefit the most from a tankmix with glyphosate. There were no differences between treatmentsfor white bean yield. Small differences were detected between treatments for cranberry beanyield, but the differences were not consistent within each desiccant. In an analysis of seed colour,all desiccants except diquat reduce seed whiteness. All of the desiccants reduce seed yellowness,compared to the untreated control.The analysis of herbicide residues in the seed is currently being conducted, and results will notbe available until the spring of 2011.Results from Manitoba –Visual observations suggest that the speed of desiccation varies among the herbicides evaluated.In addition, tankmixing herbicides appeared to affect rate of crop desiccation. Visual rating datawill be subject to statistical analysis in early 2011.Crop samples are currently being processed for yield and herbicide residue in seed. Datacollection and a preliminary statistical analysis of these data is expected to be completed byspring 2011.Weed Control Study: Glyphosate at two rates was applied alone and in a tankmix with Reglone,Ignite, Aim, Valtera and Eragon were evaluated alone at the full label rate, and in a tankmix withglyphosate at two rates (1/2 and full label rate). This gave a total of 18 treatments. The analysisof seed for herbicide residues was not conducted on this study.Results from Ontario - The desiccants which provided the most rapid pod dry down were diquat,glufosinate ammonium and flumioxazin while glyphosate was the slowest. The desiccants whichdried down the stems most rapidly were flumioxazin and saflufenacil. Glyphosate resulted in theslowest leaf dry down. With respect to weed dry down, generally diquat was the fastest whileglyphosate and carfentrazone had the slowest activity. Generally, all of the desiccants reducedbean moisture content at harvest with the exception of the low rate of glyphosate andcarfentrazone. There was no decrease in white or cranberry bean yield with the desiccantsevaluated.Results from Manitoba – The rate of desiccation of weeds appeared to be similar to that observedfor pinto beans in the tankmix study. Desiccation was rated on redroot pigweed, wild buckwheat,and volunteer wheat. Preliminary results suggest differences in the rate of and final efficacy ofdesiccation among the weed species evaluated. Visual rating data will be subject to statistical6
analysis in early 2011.Timing Study: Roundup, Eragon and Roundup plus Eragon were evaluated as desiccants in drybeans at five timings for plant maturity (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% pod maturity), which gave a totalof 16 treatments for the study.Results from Ontario – Saflufenacil provided rapid dry down of pod, stem and leaf tissuecompared to glyphosate, for each of the application timings. The tankmix of glyphosate +saflufenacil did not alter the rate of tissue dry down, compared to saflufenacil alone. Theapplication of glyphosate alone had little effect on crop yield, even when it was applied at 0%pod maturity. Saflufenacil decreased crop yield, particularly at early application timings, and thetankmix of saflufenacil + glyphosate resulted in a further decrease in crop yield. In general,results were similar for seed weight, pick and seed quality. Both desiccants reduced seedwhiteness, particularly early application timings of saflufenacil. However, both desiccants alsoreduced the yellowness of seed.The analysis of herbicide residues in the seed is currently being conducted, and results will notbe available until the spring of 2011.Results from Manitoba – refer to the Manitoba results from the Tankmix Study (above).White Mold (ongoing)The head-to-head foliar fungicide study provided excellent data in 2010. Serenade applied alonewas not different than the untreated check. However for the second year in a row, Serenadecombined with a low rate of Lance was quite effective. For the first time ever, CaCl wassignificantly better than the untreated control. Lance, Allegro and Senator provided equivalentdisease control. The top treatment was a Bayer experimental, applied twice at a higher rate.A second study looked at early timing of Allegro (late vegetative) compared to a normalapplication timing (early flowering). This was to determine Allegro’s efficacy on sclerotiaapothecia. Few significant differences were observed.Several studies (proprietary) were conducted with BASF and Dupont, to evaluate experimentalchemistry.Anthracnose (ongoing)Two head-to-head seed treatment studies were conducted, using infected seed of Nautica andOAC Rex. The two standards were DCT and ApronMaxx/Dynasty. In the study seeded withNautica, Maxim Advance (ApronMaxx/Mertect) and two BASF experimentals were equivalentto the standards. The top yielding treatment was ApronMaxx/Dynasty/Agress. In the studyseeded with OAC Rex, Maxim Advance (ApronMaxx/Mertect) and one BASF experimental wasequivalent to DCT, but slightly poorer than ApronMaxx/Dynasty. ApronMaxx/Dynasty/Agresswas equivalent to both control treatments.Two head-to-head foliar fungicide studies were conducted, using infected seed of T9905 andOAC Rex. The two standards were Headline and Quadris. In the study seeded to T9905, therewere few differences between fungicides. In the study seeded with OAC Rex, Quilt and Senatorboth provided equivalent yield to the standards. The top yielding treatment was Quilt.Two studies were conducted for BASF (proprietary) to evaluate experimental foliar fungicides.For the registered treatments in this study, Allegro was one of the top treatments, while Lanceprovided moderate disease control in one study, and was not significantly different from theuntreated control in the other study.Common Bacterial Blight (Year 2)Four studies were conducted to determine the efficacy Agress (activated silver compound) on7
Page 4: 2010 Heat Unit and Precipitation Su
Page 9 and 10: Top Level Varieties in the R&P and
Page 11 and 12: 10DVCAT Ontario Coloured Bean Varie
Page 13 and 14: 10DVWBKWhite Bean Registration and
Page 15 and 16: 10DVNPYTKNavy Screening & PYT - Nar
Page 17 and 18: 10BPYTBBlack,Navy and Misc. PYT - N
Page 19 and 20: 10DVMPYTK Black Variety Mixture Tri
Page 21 and 22: Desiccation in Cranberry Dry Beans
Page 23 and 24: Desiccation in Cranberry Dry Beans
Page 25 and 26: White Mold Foliar Fungicide Head-to
Page 27 and 28: Head to Head Rex Anthracnose Seed T
Page 29 and 30: Head to Head Foliar Trial T9905Tria
Page 31 and 32: Bacterial Blight Trial Late Planted
Page 33 and 34: Rating Data TypeEmergenceRating Uni
Page 35 and 36: MTS Carbon Trial - Thorndale AVigou
Page 37 and 38: MTS Carbon Trial - Narrow Row - Kip
Page 39 and 40: MTS Carbon Trial - Ailsa CraigVigou
Page 41 and 42: MTS Carbon Trial - Thorndale CVigou
Page 43 and 44: Marsh Spot Evaluations in Cranberry
Page 45 and 46: Marsh Spot Evaluations in Cranberry
Page 47 and 48: Impact of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Ro
Page 49: DRK Cracking Study -- Kippen 2010Se

Edible Bean Agronomy and Pest Management Research Results 2010

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?