A Situational Analysis of Child Sex Tourism- 30 December 2003 ...

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The Duration depends upon the duration for which the child was in company of thetourist, or for the duration the tourist was in the setting of the abuse. Thus, it isimportant to understand the duration for which these sex tourists or paedophiles stay ina tourist destination. Desai in her study in Goa identified three types of paedophilesbased on their duration of stay:Long-term residential paedophiles: These are paedophiles settled in Goa, visiting theircountry of origin only for the purpose of getting their visa formalities processed. Theymay be involved in occupations like running a restaurant or a travel agency. Therewould be another group of retired people managing their life on their savings. Whilesome others could have been married to Indian women, though in such cases it isdifficult to figure out the actual relationship between the two. This type of paedophilesgenerally stays in a rented accommodation or has brought their own houses or flats. Ithas been observed that some of these may be involved in initiating children intoprostitution, and could also in organizing sex tours.Regular Visitors: This type visits the ‘chosen’ tourist destination on a regular basis,usually in the months corresponding with winter in their country of residence. Thesepeople generally stay in hotel or in cheap guesthouses on the beach, since it is easy tofind and to target children working on the beach and nearby areas. These people callchildren to their room during the day. The child may also live with the paedophiles inhis room, with the knowledge of the proprietor of the hotel or guesthouse.Casual Visitors: This includes tourists visiting India on a one to two week packagetour and while some others travel on their own and stay for a longer duration. Thisgroup includes two categories:• Visits Goa or Kerala and then finds out that in these places children are easilyreached.• Visits Goa knowingly that children are easily accessible.5.2.2.2. Remuneration• Money (cash)• Clothes• Spending on recreational activities with the child• Food and drinks• Chocolates, Toffees• Other materials gifts- watches, camera, bags, etcThe main frequenters of prostitutes in Goa are tourists, local menand college boys. United States "seamen" ask locals in Goa whichbars to find prostitutes in. Taxi drivers take tourists from Delhi,Gurjarat, Bangalore, Bombay and Punjab to brothels in Baina. Somemen have taxi drivers bring prostituted girls from Baina back to theirhotels in Panjim. The next morning, the taxi drivers rape the girlsbefore taking them home. (Taxi driver, Meena Menon, "Tourism andProstitution,"The Hindu 1997)A Situational Analysis of Child Sex Tourism in India (Kerala and Goa) 46
6. PUSH AND PULL FACTORSThis covers two constituent elements of the study, designed to highlight selected socioeconomic,socio-cultural and personal-familial aspects. These jointly form part of themulti-layered social fabric that underpins the perpetration as well as perpetuation ofexploitative ways of treating children. The two constituent elements of the study are asfollows:• Multifactorial causes that lead to vulnerability (Push factors)• Demand creates its own supply (Pull factors)In providing details of the demographic, social, economic, ethnic and cultural mix ofthe local context of project, certain macro scale features have been identified as risk orvulnerability factors that contribute to CSEC.6.1. Multiple Causes6.1.1. Poverty: Absolute and RelativeThe respondents of this study have voiced poverty as the prime reason for being in thesituation that makes them vulnerable to sexual exploitation. Around 70% of thechildren have mentioned that the situation at home is not conducive for them. The pooreconomic condition was raised several times by the children interviewed as a reason forrunning away from home or taking up jobs in hotels or any other establishments. Theymentioned that there is no other way to live their life other than earning in some way orother. The case study below illustrates this fact:I know what can happen to me but I can’t help it – I go out only with foreigntourists, since I get good pay from them. They also give me food, clothes andsometimes gifts”. On further questioning, he said, “Tourists are very good – forone night they pay me Rs. 200/-. Sometimes they take me with them to other statesas well. It is a good opportunity to learn English and to visit other places free ofcost”. (Anil, Goa, 10 years)In another instance, we found that there is sense of relative poverty where parentscreated the sense of “no option”. 7% of the children interviewed are from the uppermiddle class. They mentioned that though there was no financial crunch, the growingneed to have a life of comfort and pleasure was something that dominated their decisionof involvement in sexual act.These children have said that they were unable to coup up with the artificial pressurethat created by their parents in one hand and in the other by the society itself. This hasalso made children vulnerable to be exposed to the exploitative situation.6.1.2. Consumerism/MaterialismThis factor is related to the above analysis of “relative poverty”. Today, poverty cannotbe attributed as the only cause for increase in CSEC. The commodification ofindividuals, alongside the perceived attractions of the material rewards of life, hasA Situational Analysis of Child Sex Tourism in India (Kerala and Goa) 47
Page 1 and 2: A Situational Analysis of Child Sex
Page 3 and 4: 4.5.1. Articles from theConvention
Page 5 and 6: INTRODUCTIONThe sexual abuse and ex
Page 7 and 8: y tourists and ways to combat the p
Page 9 and 10: where an unbridled tourism is often
Page 11 and 12: overview of their perception and th
Page 13 and 14: 3. Incidence and Prevalence“In pu
Page 15 and 16: impacts of tourism, it attempted to
Page 17 and 18: exploitation of children in India a
Page 19 and 20: connections, and badly maintained r
Page 21 and 22: Reading the DTV, one wishes there a
Page 23 and 24: 3.3.2.8. Objective: 12There is no m
Page 25 and 26: 4. INTERVIEWS4.1. NGOsRespondents:
Page 27 and 28: Another reason that came up quite s
Page 29 and 30: The diagram below is developed with
Page 31 and 32: An ILO report warned that tourists
Page 33 and 34: existence of CST inKovalam and said
Page 35 and 36: othel owners go uncharged. In this
Page 37 and 38: and 15. They could not even sign th
Page 39 and 40: Working in PartnershipIn Goa, touri
Page 41 and 42: Reaction of a foreign tourist, who
Page 43 and 44: Though there are no registered case
Page 45: An interview of such children revea
Page 49 and 50: Migration also contributes in makin
Page 51 and 52: connected with our children. I do n
Page 53 and 54: on streets”. (Mamata, 20 years ol
Page 55 and 56: Freddy Peats’ Gurukul:• In 1982
Page 57 and 58: 7.1.1.7. EducationA majority of chi
Page 59 and 60: If these people are living in priva
Page 61 and 62: 8.3. NGOs1. Developing watchdog cel
Page 63 and 64: APPENDICESi. Relevant NGOs in Keral
Page 65 and 66: First Name Last Name Job Title Orga
Page 67 and 68: Though the State of Goa tried to pl
Page 69 and 70: ECM: 63 years, ECM from New Zealand
Page 71 and 72: Reports1. Advani, P., Impact of Tou
Page 73 and 74: Newspaper Clippings:1. Almeida, A.,
Page 75: 3. Bandhu, P., Kovalam - A Paradise

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