Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders - National Center for ...

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?AlabamaALA. CODE § 30-5-1 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:One yearCOST:No filing feeCriminal Code:Repeatedly andintentionallyfollowing orharassing aperson andmaking crediblethreats, eitherexpressed orimplied, with theintent to place thatperson inreasonable fear ofdeath or seriousbodily harm. ALA.CODE §§ 13A-6-90- 13A-6-94 (2009)Criminal Code:With intent toharass, annoy, oralarm another:strikes, shoves,kicks, or otherwisetouches; directsabusive or obscenelanguage orgestures towardsanother; makes athreat, verbal ornonverbal, madewith the intent tocarry out the threat,that would cause areasonable personto fear for his or hersafety;communicates,anonymously orotherwise, by anyform of written orelectroniccommunication, in amanner likely toharass or causealarm; makestelephone call withno purpose oflegitimatecommunicationand/or addressesthe recipient of thecall with lewd orobscene language.ALA. CODE § 13A-11-8 (2009)Victim of abuse(includes stalking&/or harassment)who has eligiblerelationship withabuser; a minor orphysically/mentallyincapacitatedperson (by anyadult relative,householdmember, guardianor custodian)The occurrence ofone or more acts,attempts, orthreats of abuse(includes stalking&/or harassment)between family orhouseholdmembersSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; stayaway fromresidence, school,place ofemployment, orother specifiedplace; noharassing,annoying,telephoning,contacting, orotherwisecommunicating,directly orindirectly; awardtemporarycustody; attorney’sfees; childsupport/victimsupport; awardcustody of vehicle;any other reliefdeemed necessaryGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentA copy of the ordershall be issued tolaw enforcementwith jurisdiction toenforce the order.Each order shallstate: "A willfulviolation of thisorder is a Class Amisdemeanorwhich ispunishable by afine not to exceedtwo thousanddollars ($2,000) orimprisonment forup to a year in jail,or both, and is alsopunishable for civilcontempt."Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?does the abovesuch that areasonable personwould be in fearfor his/her safetyor the safety of animmediate familymember or safetyof person withwhom they have orhad a continuingrelationship. COLO.REV. STAT.ANN.§18-9-111(West 2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?DelawareDEL. CODE ANN. tit.10, § 1041 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:1 year;6 month extensionCOST:No filing feeNot defined asstalking orharassment, butas “Abuse”:Intentionally orrecklessly causingor attempting tocause physicalinjury or a sexualoffense; placing orattempting to placeanother person inreasonableapprehension ofphysical injury orsexual offense;damaging,destroying ortaking tangibleproperty of anotherperson; engagingin a course ofalarming ordistressingN/AAny person ontheir own behalf,or on behalf oftheir minor child oran infirm adult;Division of ChildProtectiveServices on behalfof minor child;Division of AdultProtectiveServices on behalfof an infirm adultA family member,former spouse, orco-habitater withor without a childhas engaged instalking/domesticviolenceSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; Noviolent contact;support order;custody order;restitution; nodamage toproperty ownedjointly by theparties, stay awayorder; order thatrespondentparticipate incounseling; anyother reliefdeemednecessary.GUN RESTRAINT?YesA copy of aprotective ordergranted under thispart shall beentered into theDelaware JusticeInformationSystem by theCourt on or beforethe next businessday.Contempt; criminalprosecution;imprisonment orfine or bothPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?conduct in amanner which islikely to cause fearor emotionaldistress or toprovoke a violentor disorderlyresponse;trespassing on orin property ofanother person, oron or in propertyfrom which thetrespasser hasbeen excluded bycourt order; childabuse; unlawfulimprisonment,kidnapping,interference withcustody; any otherconduct which areasonable personunder thecircumstanceswould findthreatening orharmful.Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?District ofColumbiaD.C. CODE § 16-1003 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderCriminal Code:On more than oneoccasion engagesin conduct with theintent to causeemotional distressto another personor places anotherperson inreasonable fear ofdeath or bodilyN/APerson who hasbeen stalked, if 16years of age orolder;parent/guardian ofminor may file onbehalf of minor;AG may also fileon behalf ofpetitioner whenrequestedPetitioner mustshow that therespondent hascommitted or isthreatening tocommit stalkingSTD. OF PROOF:Good causeNo contact; noviolent contact;any party toparticipate inpsychiatric ormedical treatment;stay away fromresidence; awardpersonal property;temporarycustody&Court orders lawenforcement toenforce the orderMisdemeanorpunishable by afine not exceeding$1,000 or byimprisonment fornot more than 180days, or bothPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDURATION:1 yearCOST:Statute is silentDefinition ofStalking?injury by willfully,maliciously, andrepeatedlyfollowing orharassing thatperson, or, withouta legal purpose,willfully,maliciously, andrepeatedly followsor harassesanother personD.C. CODE § 22-404(b) (2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)visitation; costsand attorney fees;order Police Dept.to act so as toenforce the orders;directs respondentto perform orrefrain from anyother acts asappropriate.GUN RESTRAINT?YesNotice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?FloridaFLA. STAT. ANN. §784.046 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil Petition forProtectiveInjunctionDURATION:Until modified ordissolvedCriminal Code:Willfully,maliciously, andrepeatedlyfollowing,harassing, orcyberstalkinganother person.FLA. STAT. ANN. §784.048 (West2009)N/AAny person who isthe victim ofstalking oraggravatedstalking or theparent or legalguardian of anyminor child who isliving at home onbehalf of minorchild.Specific facts &circumstances ofstalkingSTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silentNo violent contact;other relief as thecourt deemsnecessary for theprotection of thepetitionerGUN RESTRAINT?UnclearWithin 24 hours,entry intoStatewideVerificationSystem that allowselectronictransmission of theinjunctionArrest; civil orcriminal contempt;fine. A willfulviolation (bybehaviorspecifically listedin the statute) is afirst degreemisdemeanor andpunishable assuch.COST:No filing feeGeorgiaGA. CODE ANN., §16-5-90 (West2009)NATURE OFFollowing, placingunder surveillance,or contactinganother personwithout theconsent of theother person forN/AA person who isnot a minor whoalleges stalking byanother person.A person who isnot a minor mayStalking by therespondent hasoccurred in thepast and mayoccur in the futureSTD. OF PROOF:No harassingcontact; costs/feesto either party; anyparty to receiveappropriatepsychiatric orpsychologicalClerk shall issue acopy to the sheriffof the countywherein the orderwas enteredArrest, civil orcriminal contempt,or fine of up to$10,000Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatutePROCEEDING:Civil Restr. OrderDURATION:One year; uponmotion, court cangrant a three yearor permanent. GA.CODE ANN. §19-13-4(c) (West 2009)Definition ofStalking?the purpose ofharassing andintimidating theother personDefinition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?also seek relief onbehalf of a minor.What MustPetitioner Show?PreponderanceRelief Available(Gun Restraint?)services as afurther measure toprevent therecurrence ofstalkingGUN RESTRAINT?UnclearNotice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?COST: NoneHawaiiHAW. REV. STAT. §604-10.5 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil RestrainingOrder AgainstHarassmentDURATION:3 yearsCOST:Statute is silentCriminal Code:With intent toharass, annoy, oralarm anotherperson, or inreckless disregardof the risk thereof,engaging in acourse of conductinvolving pursuit,surveillance, ornon-consensualcontact upon theother person onmore than oneoccasion withoutlegitimate purposeHAW. REV. STAT. §711-1106.5 (2009)Physical harm,bodily injury,assault, or thethreat thereof; oran intentional orknowing course ofconduct thatseriously alarms ordisturbsconsistently orcontinually bothersanother, and thatserves nolegitimate purpose;provided that suchcourse of conductwould cause areasonable personto suffer emotionaldistressAny person whohas beensubjected toharassmentPast act ofharassment mayhave occurred, orthreats ofharassment makeit probable thatacts of harassmentmay be imminent;and specific factsand circumstancesfrom which relief issoughtSTD. OF PROOF:Clear &ConvincingInjunctionGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentAny order issuedshall betransmitted to thechief of police ofthe county inwhich the order isissued by way ofregular mail,facsimiletransmission, orother similarmeans oftransmissionMandatoryappropriatecounseling andmandatoryimprisonment forspecified termsIndianaIND. CODE ANN. §34-26-5-2 (West2009)Criminal Code:Intentional courseof conductinvolving repeatedharassment ofN/APerson who is orhas been a victimof domestic orfamily violence(including stalking)Respondentrepresents acredible threat tothe safety of apetitioner or aNo contact; stayaway; noharassing; removalorder; awardpossession ofCourt shalltransmit the orderto local lawenforcement bythe end of theConfinement inprison and/or finesPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteNATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:2 years;can be extendedCOST: No feesDefinition ofStalking?another that wouldcause areasonable personto feel terrorized,frightened,intimidated, orthreatened andthat actuallycauses suchfeeling IND. CODEANN. § 34-45-10-5(West 2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?member of apetitioner'shousehold.STD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceRelief Available(Gun Restraint?)residence or otherpersonal effects;award custody;child and victimsupport payments;restitution; or otherrelief as the courtdeems necessary.GUN RESTRAINT?YesNotice to Police?same businessday on which theorder is issuedPenalty forKnowingViolation?KansasKAN. STAT. ANN. §60-31a01 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No feesAn intentionalharassment ofanother personthat places theother person inreasonable fear forthat person'ssafety.A knowing andintentional courseof conduct directedat a specificperson thatseriously alarms,annoys, tormentsor terrorizes theperson, and thatserves nolegitimate purpose.Victim of stalkingor harassment or aparent or an adultliving with a childwho is beingstalkedTwo or moreseparate acts ofstalking andharassment over aperiod of timeSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; noviolent contact;stay away fromresidence; order orrestrain any otheracts deemednecessary by thecourt to protect thevictim of stalkingGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentA copy of anyorder shall beissued to thevictim, thedefendant and thepolice departmentof the city wherethe victim resides.Contempt; criminalprosecutionLouisianaLA. REV. STAT.ANN. § 46:2131(2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:Criminal Code:Intentional andrepeated followingor harassing ofanother personthat would cause areasonable personto feel alarmed orto suffer emotionaldistress LA. REV.STAT. ANN. §14:40.2 (2009)N/AVictim of abuse(includingstalking), parent oradult on behalf ofa child or personwho isincompetent,District Attorney onbehalf of a minorchild orincompetent adult.The facts andcircumstancesconcerning thealleged abuse; therelationshipbetween eachpetitioner andeach individualalleged to havecommitted abuseSTD. OF PROOF:No contact; stayaway; possessionof the household;no transfer ofmutually ownedproperty;temporarycustody, visitationand support;counseling orprofessionalmedical treatmentCourt to send tothe chief lawenforcementofficial of theparish where thepetitioner residesContempt, up to 6months in jail, or afine up to $500Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?MichiganMICHIGAN COMP.LAWS § 600.2950a(2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil Petition forPersonalProtective OrderDURATION:Not less than 182daysCOST:No feesCriminal Code:A willful course ofconduct involvingrepeated orcontinuingharassment ofanother that wouldcause areasonable personto feel terrorized,frightened,intimidated,threatened,harassed, ormolested and thatactually causessuch feeling.MICHIGAN COMP.LAWS § 750.411(hi)(2009)N/AAny individualseeking relief fromstalking unlessrespondent is anunemancipatedminor child of thepetitioner, thepetitioner is anunemancipatedminor of therespondent, or therespondent is lessthan 10 years old.Facts thatconstitute stalkingSTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silentInjunctionRelief may besought andgranted regardlessof whetherrespondent hasbeen criminallycharged orconvicted.GUN RESTRAINT?YesLaw enforcementagencyimmediately entersthe order into theLaw EnforcementInformationNetworkIf respondent is 17or older,immediate arrestand civil & criminalcontempt powersof court – if foundguilty of contempt,imprisoned for notmore than 93 daysand fined no morethan $500MinnesotaMINN. STAT. ANN.§609.748 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil HarassmentRestraining OrderDURATION:No more than twoyearsCOST: Fee waivedif stalking isallegedStalks, follows,monitors, orpursues another,whether in personor throughtechnological orother means.MINN. STAT. ANN. §609.749, subd.2(a) (West 2009)A single incident ofphysical or sexualassault orrepeated incidentsof intrusive orunwanted acts,words or gesturesthat have asubstantialadverse effect orare intended tohave such effecton the safety,security, or privacyof another,regardless of therelationshipVictim ofharassment;parent, guardianor stepparent onbehalf of a minorSpecific facts andcircumstancesSTD. OF PROOF:ReasonableGroundsNo contact; stayawayGUN RESTRAINT?YesShall be forwardedby the courtadministratorwithin 24 hours tolocal lawenforcementMisdemeanorand/or civilcontempt; felonywhen certainconditions arepresentPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteMissouriMO. ANN. STAT.§455.005 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:6-12 monthsCOST:No filing fees,court costs orbondsDefinition ofStalking?Purposely andrepeatedlyengaging in anunwanted courseof conduct thatcauses alarm toanother when it isreasonable in thatperson’s situationto have beenalarmed by theconductDefinition ofHarassment?Engaging in apurposeful orknowing course ofconduct involvingmore than oneincident thatalarms or causesdistress to anotheradult and servesno legitimatepurpose. Thecourse of conductmust be such aswould cause areasonable adultto suffersubstantialemotional distressand must actuallycause substantialemotional distressto the petitioner.Who Qualifies foran Order?Adult victim ofstalkingWhat MustPetitioner Show?A verified petitionalleging suchstalking byrespondentSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceRelief Available(Gun Restraint?)No contact; noviolent contact; nothird party contact;stay away fromPetitioner’sdwelling;temporary custodyand support ofminor childrenwhere appropriate;award court costs;award medicalcosts; orderrespondent toparticipate incourt-approvedcounseling.GUN RESTRAINT?UnclearNotice to Police?A copy is issued tothe local lawenforcementagency wherepetitioner residesand entered thesame day intoMissouri UniformLaw EnforcementSystemPenalty forKnowingViolation?Misdemeanor;felony whencertain conditionsare present.Court may punishwillful violation tosame extent asprovided by law forcontempt of court.MontanaMONT. CODE ANN. §40-15-116 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:Can be permanentCOST:No costsCriminal Code:Knowingly causinganothersubstantialemotional distressor reasonableapprehension ofbodily injury ordeath byrepeatedlyfollowing; orharassing,threatening orintimidating, inperson or by mail,electroniccommunication, orN/AAny adult who hasbeen the victim ofstalkingPetitioner is inreasonableapprehension ofbodily injurySTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silentNo contact; stayaway fromPetitioner’sresidence; 1500 ft.stay away worksiteor other specifiedplaceGUN RESTRAINT?YesWithin 24 hours,the clerk shall maila copy of the orderto the appropriatelaw enforcementagencies, whichshall, within 24hours after receiptof the order, enterthe order into thedatabase of theNational CrimeInformation CenterPenalties of up to$10,000 in finesand up to a 5-yearjail sentencePrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?any other action,device, or method.MONT. CODE ANN. §45-5-220 (2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?NebraskaNEB. REV. STAT. §28-311.02 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil HarassmentProtective OrderDURATION:One yearWillful harassmentof another person,or a family orhouseholdmember of suchperson, with theintent to injure,terrify, threaten, orintimidateA knowing andwillful course ofconduct directed ata specific personwhich seriouslyterrifies, threatens,or intimidates theperson and whichserves nolegitimate purposeAny victim whohas beenharassedThe events anddates of actsconstituting theallegedharassmentSTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silentNo contact; noviolent contact; norestraint uponliberty of petitionerGUN RESTRAINT?NoThe clerk of thecourt shallforthwith providethe local lawenforcementagency one copyof the orderMisdemeanor;arrest or contemptCOST:No feesNevadaNEV. REV. STAT.ANN. § 200.591(West 2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Judicial OrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No feesCriminal Code:Without lawfulauthority, willfullyor maliciouslyengaging in acourse of conductthat would cause areasonable personto feel terrorized,frightened,intimidated orharassed, and thatactually causessuch feeling. NEV.REV. STAT. ANN. §200.575 (West2009)Criminal Code:Without lawfulauthority,knowinglythreatening tocause bodily injuryin the future to theperson threatenedor to any otherperson; to causephysical damageto the property ofanother; to subjectthe personthreatened or anyother person tophysicalconfinement orrestraint; to do anyact which isAny person whoreasonablybelieves that thecrime of stalking,aggravatedstalking orharassment isbeing committedagainst him byanother personSpecific facts andcircumstances asvictim of stalkingopr harassmentSTD. OF PROOF:UnclearNo contact; noviolent contact;stay away fromhome, school,business orworkplace of thePetitioner or anyother locationspecifically namedby the court; anyother restrictionwhich the courtdeems necessaryto protect thePetitioner or anyother personnamed in the orderGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentEach court thatissues an ordershall transmit, assoon aspracticable, a copyof the order to alllaw enforcementagencies within itsjurisdictionFelony;Imprisonment for1- 5 years; fine ofnot more than$10,000.Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?Definition ofHarassment?intended tosubstantially harmthe personthreatened or anyother person withrespect to hisphysical or mentalhealth or safety;and the person bywords or conductplaces the personreceiving thethreat inreasonable fearthat the threat willbe carried out.NEV. REV. STAT.ANN. § 200.571(West 2009)Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?NewHampshireN.H. REV. STAT.ANN. § 173-B:1(2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:1 year; may beextendedCOST:No filing feeCriminal Code:Purposely,knowingly, orrecklesslyengaging in 2 ormore acts targetedat a specificperson whichwould cause areasonable personto fear for his orher personalsafety or the safetyof a member ofthat person'simmediate family,and the person isactually placed insuch fear. N.H.Criminal Code:Making atelephone call withno legitimatecommunicativepurpose or withoutdisclosing identityand with thepurpose to annoy,abuse, threaten oralarm another;making repeatedcommunications atextremelyinconvenient timesor with coarselanguage;insulting, tauntingor challengingAny person; noage limitDefendantrepresents acredible threat tothe safety of theplaintiffSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; noviolent contact withPetitioner or familyor household; stayaway fromresidence,workplace, school,or any specifiedplace; no taking,converting, ordamaging propertyin which theplaintiff may havea legal orequitable interest;award custody;award paymentsfor child care andother necessaryA copy shall bepromptlytransmitted to thelocal lawenforcementagency havingjurisdiction toenforce such orderA willful violation ofthis order is acrime, as well ascontempt of court.Violations of theprotectiveprovisions shallresult in arrest andmay result inimprisonment.Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?REV. STAT. ANN. §633:3-a (2009)Definition ofHarassment?another in amanner likely toprovoke a violentresponse;knowinglycommunicatingany matter of acharacter tendingto incite murder,assault or arson;or communicatingany mattercontaining anythreat to kidnap orharm another;communicatingwith another withpurpose to annoyor alarm whenpreviously notifiedthat recipient doesnot desire furthercommunication.N.H. REV. STAT. §644:4 (2009).Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)support;restitution;orderingrespondent toattend batterer’sinterventionprogram;attorneys’ fees.GUN RESTRAINT?YesNotice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?New MexicoN.M. STAT. ANN.§40-13-3 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil Order ofProtectionDURATION:6 months if itinvolves custodyor support;Criminal Code:Knowinglypursuing a patternof conduct thatwould cause areasonable personto feel frightened,intimidated orthreatened. Mustintend to placeanother person inreasonableapprehension ofdeath, bodilyN/A Victim of stalking Immediate dangerof abuse followingan incident ofabuse by therespondentSTD. OF PROOF:ReasonablegroundsInjunctive relief;counseling; stayaway; no contact;possession ofresidence; childcustody andsupport;restitution.GUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentCourt clerk to sendto the local lawenforcementagencyFirst offense is amisdemeanor,second orsubsequentoffenses lead tojail time of not lessthan 72 hoursPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant Statuteinjunctive orderscontinue untilmodified.COST: No fees.Definition ofStalking?harm, sexualassault,confinement orrestraint or tocause areasonable personto fear for his/hersafety or the safetyof a householdmember. N.M.STAT. ANN. §30-3A-3 (West 2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?New YorkN.Y. FAM. CT. ACT§ 821 (MCKINNEY2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:Up to 5 years butusually granted for1-2 yearsCOST: No feesCriminal Code:Intentionally, for nolegitimate purpose,engaging in acourse of conduct,knowing orreasonably shouldknow that suchconduct is likely tocause or causesreasonable fear ofmaterial harm tophysical health,safety or propertyof such person, amember of suchperson'simmediate family,or a third partyacquaintance; or islikely to causesuch person toreasonably fearthat his/heremployment,business or careeris threatened. N.Y.Criminal Code:Intentionally andrepeatedlyfollowing a personin or about apublic place orplaces orengaging in acourse of conductor repeatedlycommitting actswhich place suchperson inreasonable fear ofphysical injury.N.Y. PENAL LAW §240.25 (McKinney2009).Any person relatedto the allegedabuser as spouse,former spouse,parent, child orother member ofthe same family orhouseholdRespondentcommittedharassment,stalking toward thepetitioner; andrespondent is thespouse, formerspouse, parent,child or othermember of thesame family orhousehold as thepetitionerSTD. OF PROOF:Good causeNo contact; noviolent contact; noharm to animals;batterers’interventionprogram; stayaway; payment offees; payment ofmedical expenses;child visitation;removal order;child custodyGUN RESTRAINT?YesCourt transfersinto central registryUpon the filing of apetition by theoriginal petitioneror any person whomay originateproceedings, thecourt can eithermodify the order ortransfer to criminalcourt.Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?PENAL LAW §120.45 (McKinney2009).Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?NorthCarolinaN.C. GEN. STAT.ANN. § 50C-1(West 2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil No ContactOrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No feesFollowing morethan once orotherwiseharassing withoutlegal purpose, withintent to place inreasonable fear forpersonal safety orthe safety ofimmediate familyor close personalassociates; causeto suffersubstantialemotional distressby placing in fearof death, bodilyinjury, or continuedharassmentCriminal Code:Knowing conduct,including written,printed orelectroniccommunication ortransmission,directed at aspecific personthat torments,terrorizes, orterrifies thatperson and thatserves nolegitimate purpose.N.C. GEN. STAT.ANN. § 14-277.3A(b)(2) (West2009)A person who is avictim of unlawfulconduct bysomeone withwhom they are notin personalrelationship, or acompetent adulton their behalfPetitioner hassuffered unlawfulconduct committedby the respondentSTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silentNo contact; noviolent contact;stay away frompetitioner’sresidence, school,workplace, orother specifiedplaces; other reliefdeemed necessaryand appropriate bythe courtGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentOn the same dayorder is issued,clerk shall delivera certified copy ofthat order to thesheriff.Contempt of courtwhich may resultin a fine orimprisonmentOhioOHIO REV. CODEANN. § 2903.214(West 2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:5 yearsCOST:No filing feeCriminal Code:A pattern ofconduct thatknowingly causesanother to believethat the offenderwill cause physicalharm or mentaldistress to theother person;using any methodof remotelytransferringinformation to posta message with apurpose to urge orAny person, or anyparent or adulthouseholdmember on behalfof any other familyor householdmemberRespondentengaged inmenacing bystalkingSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceStay away fromresidence, school,business, orworkplace of thepetitioner or familyor householdmember; any otherterms designed toensure the safetyand protection ofthe person to beprotected by theprotection orderGUN RESTRAINT?Notice given toThe court shalldeliver a copy toall lawenforcementagencies that havejurisdiction toenforce the order.All lawenforcementagencies shallestablish andmaintain an indexfor the protectionorders.First violation:misdemeanor,punishable by 6months in jailand/or a $1,000fine.Subsequentviolations:felony, punishableby a mandatoryprison term of 6-12months, and/or afine of up to$2,500.Prepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?incite another tocommit a violationof this section.OHIO REV. CODEANN. § 2903.211(West 2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)respondent thatthe Order maymake possessionby respondent offirearm unlawful.Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?Oklahoma22 OKL. STAT. ANN.tit. 22 § 60.1 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:3 yearsCOST:No feesWillful, maliciousand repeatedfollowing with theintent of placing aperson inreasonable fear ofdeath or greatbodily injury[but seeharassment forbehavior by afamily orhouseholdmember or formeror current datingpartner]A knowing andwillful course ofconduct by afamily orhouseholdmember or datingpartner, directed ata specific personwhich reasonablyand seriouslyalarms or annoysthe person, andserves nolegitimate purposeVictim of domesticabuse, stalking,harassment, rape,including minorsage 16 to 17independentlyAny adult oremancipatedminor householdmember on behalfof family orhouseholdmember who is aminor orincompetentStalking NOT byfamily orhouseholdmember or formeror current datingpartnerPetitioner requiredto report to lawenforcementSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceAny terms andconditions that thecourt reasonablybelieves arenecessaryGUN RESTRAINT?UnclearWithin 24 hours ofthe return ofservice, the clerkshall send certifiedcopies of the orderto all appropriatelaw enforcementagenciesdesignated by theplaintiff. Receivinglaw enforcementagency shall enterinformation in theNational CrimeInformation CenterdatabaseMisdemeanor;punishable by afine of up to$1,000 orimprisonment forup to 1 year, or byboth. A violation ofthe order whichcauses injury ispunishable byimprisonment for20 days to 1 yearor a fine of up to$5,000, or by bothOregonOR. REV. STAT.ANN. § 163.730(West 2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Stalking ProtectiveOrderDURATION:UnlimitedCOST:No filing feeCriminal Code:Knowinglyalarming orcoercing anotherperson or amember of thatperson’simmediate familyor household byengaging inrepeated andunwanted contactwith the otherperson and it isobjectivelyN/AA person allegingstalkingConduct that is thebasis for thecomplaintSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contactGUN RESTRAINT?YesPerson serving theorder shallforthwith deliver tothe county sheriff atrue copy of theorder and anaffidavit of proof ofservice. Uponreceipt, the countysheriff shallforthwith enter theorder into the LawEnforcement DataSystem and intothe National CrimeClass Amisdemeanor orclass C FelonyPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?reasonable for aperson in thevictim’s situation tohave beenalarmed orcoerced by thecontact; and therepeated andunwanted contactcauses the victimreasonableapprehensionregarding thepersonal safety ofthe victim or amember of thevictim’s immediatefamily orhousehold.Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Information CenterPenalty forKnowingViolation?Rhode IslandR.I. GEN. LAWS §15-15-1 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectionOrderDURATION:Statute is silentCOST: No feesHarassing anotherperson or willfully,maliciously andrepeatedlyfollowing anotherperson with theintent to place thatperson inreasonable fear ofbodily injury;transmitting anycommunication bycomputer to anyperson or causingany person to becontacted for thesole purpose ofharassing thatperson or his orher familyA knowing andwillful course ofconduct directed ata specific personwith the intent toseriously alarm,annoy, or botherthe person, andwhich serves nolegitimate purpose.The course ofconduct must besuch as wouldcause areasonable personto suffersubstantialemotional distress,or be in fear ofbodily injuryA person sufferingfrom stalking by apresent or formerfamily member,parent, stepparent,or person withwhom thepetitioner is or hasbeen in asubstantive datingor engagementrelationship withinthe past one yearin which at leastone of the personsis a minorOne or more actsof stalkingSTD. OF PROOF:Not specifiedNo contact; noviolent contact;stay away;exclusion fromhousehold;custody; childsupportGUN RESTRAINT?YesOrder is sent toappropriate lawenforcementagencyContempt;misdemeanorpunished by a fineof no more than$1,000 or byimprisonment fornot more than oneyear, or both; maybe ordered toattend counselingPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDURATION:5 yearsCOST:Statute is silentDefinition ofStalking?bodily injury; orwillfully,maliciously, andrepeatedlyharassing anotherby means of anyverbal, electronic,digital media,mechanical,telegraphic, orwrittencommunicationDefinition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Statute is silentNotice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?TennesseeTENN. CODE ANN. §36-3-601 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No feesCriminal Code:A willful course ofconduct involvingrepeated orcontinuingharassment ofanother that wouldcause areasonable personto feel terrorized,frightened,intimidated,threatened,harassed, ormolested, and thatactually causessuch feeling. TENN.CODE ANN. § 39-17-315 (West2009)N/AAny victim whohas beensubjected to,threatened with, orplaced in fear ofstalking (Minorpetitioners musthave aparent/guardian’ssignature)Petitioner wassubjected to,threatened with, orplaced in fear ofstalkingSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; nostalking/violentbehavior; no thirdparty contact;possession of theresidence; suitablealternate housingwhen respondentis the sole owneror lessee of theresidence; temp.custody; spousaland child support ifparties aremarried;respondent toattend counselingaddressingviolence andcontrol issues orsubstance abuseA copy shall beissued to local lawenforcement withjurisdiction wherethe petitionerresides. Uponreceipt, lawenforcement shallimmediately enterinto theTennessee CrimeInformationSystem and theNational CrimeInformation CenterThe court mayhold the defendantin civil or criminalcontempt and acivil penalty of$50.00GUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentTexasTEX. CODE CRIM.Criminal Code:KnowinglyN/AThe victim ofstalkingRespondent’sarrest for stalkingNo contact; noviolent contact; noMagistrate shallsend a copy to lawFine of as much as$4,000 or byPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatutePROC. ANN. art.17.292 (Vernon2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Magistrate's Orderfor EmergencyProtectionDURATION:31-91 daysCOST:Statute is silentDefinition ofStalking?engaging in acourse of conduct,including followingthe other person,that the actorknows orreasonablybelieves will causethe other to fearbodily injury ordeath, harm to amember of theother person'sfamily orhousehold or theother person'sproperty; andactually andreasonably causessuch fear. TEX.CODE CRIM. PROC.ANN. art. 42.072(Vernon 2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?The guardian ofthe victimA peace officerThe attorneyrepresenting thestateWhat MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)third party contact;stay away from theresidence, school,child care orworkplace of thevictim or victim’sfamily membersGUN RESTRAINT?YesNotice to Police?enforcementwhere theprotected personresidesOrders suspendingconcealedhandgun permit:Clerk shallimmediately sendorder to Dep’t ofPublic Safety, whoshall recordsuspension,demand surrender,and notify lawenforcementPenalty forKnowingViolation?confinement in jailfor as long as oneyear or bothUtahUTAH CODE ANN. §77-3A-101 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil StalkingInjunctionDURATION:3 yearsCOST:No filing or servicefeeCriminal Code:Intentionally orknowinglyengaging in acourse of conductdirected at aspecific personthat would cause areasonable personto fear bodily injuryto himself or amember of hisimmediate family;or to sufferemotional distressto himself or aN/AAny person whobelieves that he orshe is the victim ofstalkingSpecific eventsand dates of theactionsconstitutingstalking andcorroboratingevidenceSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; nothird party contact;stay away fromresidence,workplace, schoolor designatedlocations orpersons; any otherrelief necessary orconvenient for theprotection of thepetitioner andother designatedpersonsGUN RESTRAINT?Within 24 hours,excludingweekends andholidays, the clerkshall enter a copyin the statewidenetwork forwarrants or asimilar systemContempt orcriminal stalkingchargePrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?member of hisimmediate family.UTAH CODE ANN. §76-5-106.5 (West2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Statute is silentNotice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?VermontVT. STAT. ANN. tit.12, § 5131 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:A fixed periodCOST:No filing feeA course ofconduct includingfollowing, lying inwait, orthreateningdirected at aspecific person ora member of theirfamily, whichserves nolegitimate purposeand would cause areasonable personto fear for theirsafety or to feelsubstantialemotional distressN/AA person, otherthan a family orhouseholdmember, on behalfof self or his or herchildrenEvidence ofstalkingSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; nothird party contact;any other suchorder necessary toprotect the plaintiffor the plaintiff'schildren, or bothGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentCourt shalltransmit a copy ofthe order to thedepartment ofpublic safety'sprotection orderdatabase. Lawenforcement shallestablishprocedures formaking theirpersonnel awareof the existenceand contents ofsuch orders.A fine of $1,000 orimprisonment forsix months, or bothVirginiaVA. CODE ANN. §19.2-152.10 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:2 yearsCOST:No feesCriminal Code:Conduct directedat another on morethan one occasion,with the intent toplace, or when it isknown orreasonably shouldbe known that theconduct placesthat person inreasonable fear ofdeath, criminalsexual assault, orbodily injury to thatperson or to thatN/AVictim of criminalstalkingVictim of criminalstalkingSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; anyother reliefnecessary toprevent criminaloffenses that mayresulting injury toperson or property,or acts of stalking,communication orother contact ofany kind by therespondentGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentClerk shall uponreceipt forward anattested copy tolaw enforcement,which shall, uponreceipt, enter itinto the VACriminalInformationNetworkWhere practical,the court maytransferinformationelectronically toContemptPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?person's family orhouseholdDefinition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?the VA CriminalInformationNetworkPenalty forKnowingViolation?WashingtonWASH. REV. CODEANN. § 10.14.010(West 2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil AntiharassmentProtective OrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No fees if a victimof stalkingCriminal Code:Intentionally andrepeatedlyharassing orrepeatedlyfollowing anotherperson and theperson beingharassed orfollowed is placedin fear that thestalker intends toinjure the person,another person, orproperty of theperson or ofanother person(must be fear thatreasonable personin same situationwould experience).The stalked musteither intend tofrighten, intimidateor harass theperson OR knowor reasonablyshould know thatthe person is infear. WASH. REV.CODE ANN. §9A.46.110 (West2009)Without legitimateor lawful purpose,a knowing andwillful course ofconduct directed ata specific personwhich seriouslyalarms, annoys,harasses, or isdetrimental to suchperson, andactually andreasonably causessubstantialemotional distressto the petitioner,or, when thecourse of conductwould cause areasonable parentto fear for the wellbeingof their childA victim of stalkingor harassmentParent or guardianthereofThe existence ofunlawfulharassment, withspecific facts andcircumstancesSTD. OF PROOF:PreponderanceNo contact; nosurveillance; stayaway from homeand workplace;respondent to payfees and costsGUN RESTRAINT?Yes, if court findsby clear andconvincingevidenceA copy shall beforwarded by theclerk on or beforethe next judicialday to theappropriate lawenforcementagency, who shall,upon receipt,enter the order intoany computerbasedcriminalintelligenceinformation systemCriminal penalties;contemptWisconsinWIS. STAT. ANN. §Criminal Code:Two or more actsStriking, shoving,kicking orVictim of stalkingRespondent hasengaged inNo contact; stayaway fromWithin onebusiness day,Fine not more than$1,000 orPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant Statute813.125 (West2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil HarassmentRestraining OrderDURATION:4 yearsCOST:Statute is silentDefinition ofStalking?carried out overtime, howevershort or long, thatshow a continuityof purpose,including any ofthe following:[detailed examplesin statute]. WIS.STAT. ANN. §940.32 (West2009)Definition ofHarassment?otherwisesubjecting anotherperson to physicalcontact; engagingin an act thatwould constituteabuse, sexualassault, or stalking(under criminalcode), orattempting orthreatening to dothe same orengaging in acourse of conductor repeatedlycommitting actswhich harass orintimidate anotherperson and whichserve no legitimatepurpose.Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?harassment withintent to harass orintimidate thepetitionerSTD. OF PROOF:ReasonableGroundsRelief Available(Gun Restraint?)Petitioner’sresidence orpremisesGUN RESTRAINT?YesNotice to Police?clerk shall send acopy to the lawenforcementagency which hasjurisdiction overthe petitioner'spremises. Lawenforcement shallenter into theTransactionInformation forManagement ofEnforcementsystem no laterthan 24 hours afterreceipt.Penalty forKnowingViolation?imprisoned notmore than 90 daysor bothWyomingWYO. STAT. ANN.§ 7-3-506 (2009)NATURE OFPROCEEDING:Civil ProtectiveOrderDURATION:1 yearCOST:No feesCriminal Code:A course ofconduct intendedto and reasonablylikely to harassanother, includingbut not limited to:Communicating,anonymously orotherwise, orcausing acommunicationwith another byany means in amanner thatharasses;Following another,N/AA victim ofstalking, or thedistrict attorney onbehalf of thealleged victimFacts showing thealleged stalkingand the identity ofthe alleged stalkerSTD. OF PROOF:Statute is silent(Temporary order:a clear andpresent danger offurther stalking orof serious adverseconsequences toany person)No contact; noviolent contact; nothird party contact;stay away fromPetitioner’s home,school, businessor otherdesignatedlocationsGUN RESTRAINT?Statute is silentA copy of the orderof protection shallbe filed with thesheriff of thecounty.Misdemeanorpunishable byimprisonment fornot more than 6months, a fine ofnot more than$750, or both.Temporary andfinal orders ofprotection havestatewideapplicability and acriminalprosecution underthis subsectionmay becommenced in anyPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.

Stalking/Harassment Civil Protection Orders (CPOs) By State 6/2009Relevant StatuteDefinition ofStalking?other than withinthe residence ofthe defendant;Placing a personunder surveillanceby remainingpresent outside hisor her school,workplace, vehicle,other placeoccupied by theperson, orresidence otherthan the residenceof the defendant;or Otherwiseengaging in aharassing courseof conduct. WYO.STAT. ANN.§ 6-2-506 (2009)Definition ofHarassment?Who Qualifies foran Order?What MustPetitioner Show?Relief Available(Gun Restraint?)Notice to Police?Penalty forKnowingViolation?county in whichthe respondentcommits an act inviolation of theorderPrepared by the American Bar Association Commission on Domestic Violence http://www.abanet.org/domviol We are always grateful to receive corrections and updates at abacdvta@abanet.orgThe law is constantly changing! Please independently confirm the data you find here.