82 MODEBN MAQIO LANTEENB.difficult <strong>to</strong> realise what <strong>the</strong> combined result of any twogeometrical designs so revolving will be. Very fine patternsresembling "watered" silk can be got by mounting fabricssuch as netting, muslin, etc., with a clear and well-definedthread, in such a revolving arrangement, taking care, <strong>to</strong>secure <strong>the</strong> best result, that <strong>the</strong> two fabrics shown <strong>to</strong>ge<strong>the</strong>rare similar.Eevolving slides, on <strong>the</strong> principle of <strong>the</strong> chromatrope, aremade having such things as windmills with revolving sails,acrobats spinning round on a trapeze, fish swimming in aglobe, bees round a hive, etc., for <strong>the</strong>ir subjects ; and can beobtained from most dealers.The various slides alluded <strong>to</strong> above can all be shown bymeans of a single lantern, but those now <strong>to</strong> be mentionedrequire at least a biunial for <strong>the</strong>ir exhibition. With suchan instrument <strong>the</strong> number of combinations, effects, etc., thatcan be obtained is almost unhmited. The simplest of <strong>the</strong>seis <strong>the</strong> curtain slide, in which <strong>the</strong> picture on <strong>the</strong> screen isshown with a curtain round it, as if it were on <strong>the</strong> stage ofa <strong>the</strong>atre. A balcony or verandah slide is sometimes usedin place of <strong>the</strong> curtain ; <strong>the</strong> scene <strong>the</strong>n appears <strong>to</strong> be viewedfrom <strong>the</strong> interior of a room, looking out over <strong>the</strong> balcony.In <strong>the</strong>se and similar effects, <strong>the</strong> curtain or balcony, as <strong>the</strong>case may be, is projected by means of one of <strong>the</strong> <strong>lanterns</strong>,<strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r being used <strong>to</strong> throw <strong>the</strong> usual slides in <strong>the</strong> blankspace left for that purpose in <strong>the</strong> " curtain " sUde. Itshould be borne in mind that this entails <strong>the</strong> use of a greatdeal of gas, as both <strong>lanterns</strong> have <strong>to</strong> be kept going all <strong>the</strong>time.Some forms of carrier are so made that <strong>the</strong> screen isdimmed by means of ground glass or celluloid while a slideis being changed, and in ano<strong>the</strong>r it is entirely darkened byan opaque curtain, which appears <strong>to</strong> come down and maskone picture, rising afterwards and revealing <strong>the</strong> fresh slide.Such a carrier, with a cujtain or border slide of any kind in<strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r lantern, would no doubt give a pleasing effect.Akin <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong>se are snow and rain effects. These areobtained by means of a slide in which a roll of opaquematerial is gradually unwound through <strong>the</strong> lantern. Torsnow, <strong>the</strong> fabric is pierced with little holes ; for rain it is
MOVING SLIDES AND EFFECTS. 83marked with fine lines. In both <strong>the</strong>se cases <strong>the</strong> effect isimproved if <strong>the</strong> slide is not inserted in <strong>the</strong> lantern in aperfectly horizontal manner, but is slightly incliaed, so as <strong>to</strong>give <strong>the</strong> idea of a httle wind. It is important, moreover, if<strong>the</strong> illusion is <strong>to</strong> be of <strong>the</strong> best, that <strong>the</strong> light in <strong>the</strong> <strong>lanterns</strong>howing <strong>the</strong> rain or snow slide shall not be <strong>to</strong>o powerful ;especially is this <strong>the</strong> case with <strong>the</strong> rain. The writerremembers seeing a lantern display in which a poor waif,seated on a doorstep, was exposed <strong>to</strong> what was intended <strong>to</strong>be a shower of rain. Owing <strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> opera<strong>to</strong>r having, if anything,a brighter light in <strong>the</strong> " rain " lantern than <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r,<strong>the</strong> shower suggested nothing so much as one of white hotknitting-needles, and <strong>the</strong> effect on <strong>the</strong> audience was anythingbut what was intended.Moonlight effects are obtained by means of a biuniallantern and two shdes, <strong>the</strong> subjects upon each beingabsolutely identical as regards outline, but one can be verymuch more vigorous than <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r. With pho<strong>to</strong>graphicshdes, which are much <strong>the</strong> best for <strong>the</strong> purpose, thisdifference can easily be obtained. The first slide, intended<strong>to</strong> depict <strong>the</strong> daylight view, can be made in <strong>the</strong> usual way,with <strong>the</strong> usual amount of density and contrast. The secondslide, however, should be exposed for a little under <strong>the</strong>suitable time, and should be developed with a view <strong>to</strong>getting plenty of contrast, ra<strong>the</strong>r than what a pho<strong>to</strong>grapherwould describe as a soft result. This second sUde must<strong>the</strong>n be treated with a bath of a deep blue aniline dye, soas <strong>to</strong> give it that blue tint usually associated with moonhghtviews. Any lights which it is intended shall appear in it,such as gas-lamps, illumined windows, stars, <strong>the</strong> moonitself or its reflection on <strong>the</strong> water, must <strong>the</strong>n be carefullypicked out so as <strong>to</strong> leave <strong>the</strong> slide bare where it is intended<strong>the</strong>se shall be. The two slides being <strong>the</strong>n most carefullyregistered, <strong>the</strong> dayhght picture is first shown, and graduallydissolved in<strong>to</strong> <strong>the</strong> moonlight one.Such effects can be multiplied almost without limit, byhaving accurately registered slides and plenty of assistance.The nmnber of <strong>lanterns</strong> required rarely exceeds three in <strong>the</strong>most elaborate displays, since in nearly every case <strong>the</strong> effectat any one time is obtained by <strong>the</strong> two <strong>lanterns</strong>, leaving <strong>the</strong>F 2
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In^ f-e'
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Cornell UniversityLibraryThe origin
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HUbrniiiS'OXYGENSiMPIiEXCERTAIN ACT
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HUGHES' SPECIAL BIDNIALWith Solid B
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HUGHES' PATENT BIJOUENLARGINGLANTER
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MODERN MAGIC LANTERNS.
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:MODERNMAGIC LANTERNSA GUIDE TOTHE
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Preface to the First Edition.Some f
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CONTENTS.Chap.I. InteodttctokyII. O
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Modern Magic Lanterns.CHAPTER I.3nt
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INTEODUOTOET.ifeet in diameter, a m
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CHAPTERII.Nearly all the old-fashio
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OIL LAMPS.the other end, which went
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OIL LAMPS.aThey should be trimmed e
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CHAPTER III.^beXimeligbt.The most p
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THE LIMELIGHT. 13be incapable of be
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THE LIMELIGHT. 15in a moment on loo
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THE LIMELIGHT. 17is not used to the
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HOME-MADE OXYGEN, GAS HOLDBES, ETC.
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HOME-MADE OXYGEN, GAS HOLDEES, ETC.
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—BOME-MADB OXYQEN, QAfi HOLDBBS,
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CHAPTER V.Compteeaeb(Baeee.Most lan
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OOMPEESSED GASES. 27with the pressu
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COMFBESSED GASES. 29are atmospheres
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- Page 51 and 52: —OOMFBESSED QASEB. 33foot, red or
- Page 53 and 54: CHAPTEE VI.jetber, 3ncant)escent (5
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- Page 63 and 64: JETS. 45unless the pressure is grea
- Page 65 and 66: THE ELEOTBIO LIGHT. 47"Where a very
- Page 67 and 68: THE EIiEOTEIO LIGHT. ^9Borland, of
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- Page 81 and 82: THE OPTIOAIi SYSTEM. 63enclosed by
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- Page 107 and 108: LANTERN EXPEBIMENT8. 89Zentmayer's.
- Page 109 and 110: LANTEBN EXPEEIMENTS. 91reflector, o
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- Page 117 and 118: THE IiANTEEN-MICEOSOOPE. 99one lant
- Page 119 and 120: THE LANTBEN-MICEOSCOPS, 101jet to b
- Page 121 and 122: ANIMATED LANTEBN PIOTUEES. 103revol
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- Page 125 and 126: [antern * =Highest Quality only.[en
- Page 127 and 128: INDEX.C.Abaorption, to show, 94Acet
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- Page 131 and 132: INDEXTo the Practical HandbooksPubl
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