Modern magic lanterns; a guide to the ... - Yesterday Image

More documents

Recommendations

Info

26 MODEBN MAQIO IiANTEBNS.The ajnount of knocking about which a charged cylindercan actually stand, if properly made and annealed, is surprising.Mr. Murray, the engineer to the Brin OxygenCo., in his book on compressed gases, narrates how theyhave for experimental purposes been dropped vertically froma height of 35 feet two or three times in succession, crushedwith a 15-ton blow, and finally bent into a bow form;on testing them after this treatment they were found tocontain the full quantity of gas. To secure the degree ofsafety indicated by this, the cylinders must not only be wellmade of suitable steel, but inasmuch as the physical structureof the steel becomes gradually altered, they must fromtime to time be annealed, a process which restores them totheir original condition as far as strength is concerned. Itis therefore advisable, if buying a cylinder, or bottle as it issometimes called, to get a new one from a reliable maker,and one which has been properly tested. The gas compressingfirms themselves let out cylinders on hire, whichcan be relied upon, for those who do not wish to buy oneoutright.Inasmuch as the gas in these cylinders is at a very highpressure, and the pressure required in the lantern is hardlya hundredth part of this, means have to be taken to reducethe pressure of the gas in its passage from the bottle to thejet. The best method of doing this is by employing whatis known as a regulator, a little instrimient which wiUdeliver the gas imiformly at any pressure desired until thecylinder is empty, although the pressure in the bottle isconstantly decreasing as the gas is consumed. There areseveral forms of regulator on the market ; the first to beintroduced, and one which is stiU extremely popular, is thatknown as Beard's, after its inventor. Brier's and Clarkson'sare also well-known patterns. Broadly speaking, theprinciple upon which these regulators are made is the same,and can be understood best on reference to the Kgs. 19and 20, which illustrate the construction of the Beardregulator. The cylinder has the regulator screwed into itsorifice, and the outlet f being closed, the gas is turned onand passes into the bellows o, expanding them and tighteningup the spring s. As the top, d, of the bellows rises
OOMPEESSED GASES. 27with the pressure of the gas it gradually closes the valve i,by mean of the system of levers seen at l, and so cuts off thesupply of gas. As the gas is used at the jet, the springforces D down again until the valve reopens and allows thebellows once more to receive a supply from the cylinder, andso on. The pressure at which the regulator delivers thegas, as generally supplied, is about that of 12 inches ofwater, but it can be varied by varying the strength of thesprings. Where both oxygen and hydrogen are used inFig. 19. Beard's Eegulatob,Exterior,Fig. 20.Beard's Begulator,Interior.cylinders, separate regulators should be employed for each,the hydrogen regulator never being attached to the oxygenbottle,and vice versa. When using the regulator, the gascan be adjusted by the jet taps, and if required they can beturned completely off, which, if no regulator were employed,would result in bursting or blowing off the tube.In addition to a regulator, those who use cylinders habituallywill find a pressure gauge very useful, as showing ata glance the amount of gas the cylinder contains. The
Page 1 and 2: In^ f-e'
Page 3 and 4: Cornell UniversityLibraryThe origin
Page 5 and 6: HUbrniiiS'OXYGENSiMPIiEXCERTAIN ACT
Page 7 and 8: HUGHES' SPECIAL BIDNIALWith Solid B
Page 9 and 10: HUGHES' PATENT BIJOUENLARGINGLANTER
Page 11 and 12: MODERN MAGIC LANTERNS.
Page 13 and 14: :MODERNMAGIC LANTERNSA GUIDE TOTHE
Page 15 and 16: Preface to the First Edition.Some f
Page 17 and 18: CONTENTS.Chap.I. InteodttctokyII. O
Page 19 and 20: Modern Magic Lanterns.CHAPTER I.3nt
Page 21 and 22: INTEODUOTOET.ifeet in diameter, a m
Page 23 and 24: CHAPTERII.Nearly all the old-fashio
Page 25 and 26: OIL LAMPS.the other end, which went
Page 27 and 28: OIL LAMPS.aThey should be trimmed e
Page 29 and 30: CHAPTER III.^beXimeligbt.The most p
Page 31 and 32: THE LIMELIGHT. 13be incapable of be
Page 33 and 34: THE LIMELIGHT. 15in a moment on loo
Page 35 and 36: THE LIMELIGHT. 17is not used to the
Page 37 and 38: HOME-MADE OXYGEN, GAS HOLDBES, ETC.
Page 39 and 40: HOME-MADE OXYGEN, GAS HOLDEES, ETC.
Page 41 and 42: —BOME-MADB OXYQEN, QAfi HOLDBBS,
Page 43: CHAPTER V.Compteeaeb(Baeee.Most lan
Page 47 and 48: COMFBESSED GASES. 29are atmospheres
Page 49 and 50: COMPKESSED GASES. 31for tttmmg on a
Page 51 and 52: —OOMFBESSED QASEB. 33foot, red or
Page 53 and 54: CHAPTEE VI.jetber, 3ncant)escent (5
Page 55 and 56: ETHEE, INCANDESCENT GAS, ACETYLENE,
Page 57 and 58: ETHEB, INOANDSSCEMT QAB, AOEXYLENE,
Page 59 and 60: JETS. 41inch above the top of the w
Page 61 and 62: JETS. 43As the jet plays upon the l
Page 63 and 64: JETS. 45unless the pressure is grea
Page 65 and 66: THE ELEOTBIO LIGHT. 47"Where a very
Page 67 and 68: THE EIiEOTEIO LIGHT. ^9Borland, of
Page 69 and 70: THE ELBOTEIO LIGHT. 61solid. In get
Page 71 and 72: CHAPTER IX.^be XanternBo^i^.The var
Page 73 and 74: THE LANTBEN BODY. ,55above the othe
Page 75 and 76: THE LANTEEN BODY. 57mounted slide i
Page 77 and 78: yhavingTHE LANTEEN BODY. 59by which
Page 79 and 80: THE IiANTEEN BODT. 61Eoss' new Lime
Page 81 and 82: THE OPTIOAIi SYSTEM. 63enclosed by
Page 83 and 84: THE OPTICAL SYSTEM. 65a 4| inch wil
Page 85 and 86: THE OPTICAL SYSTEM. 67Perhaps the m
Page 87 and 88: ;CHAPTER XI.^be Screen anb (Beneral
Page 89 and 90: THE SOEEEN AND OENEBAIi AERAKQEMENT
Page 91 and 92: THE SCBEEN AND 6ENEBAL ABBANGEMENTS
Page 93 and 94: CHAPTERXll.Zbe flDanipuIation of tb
Page 95 and 96:
THE MANIPULATION OF THE LANTEEN. 77
Page 97 and 98:
—THE MANIPULATION OP THE LANTEEN.
Page 99 and 100:
MOVING SLIDES AND EFFECTS. 81The pa
Page 101 and 102:
MOVING SLIDES AND EFFECTS. 83marked
Page 103 and 104:
CHAPTER XIV.Xantern fiyperimente.Th
Page 105 and 106:
LANTEBN EXPEBIMEMTS.plate. "When de
Page 107 and 108:
LANTERN EXPEBIMENT8. 89Zentmayer's.
Page 109 and 110:
LANTEBN EXPEEIMENTS. 91reflector, o
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTEE XV.^be Xantcrn*»Spectrosco
Page 113 and 114:
THE LANTEBN-SPEOTEOBOOPE, -POLABISC
Page 115 and 116:
THE IiANTBBN-SPEOTBOSCOPB, -POIiABI
Page 117 and 118:
THE IiANTEEN-MICEOSOOPE. 99one lant
Page 119 and 120:
THE LANTBEN-MICEOSCOPS, 101jet to b
Page 121 and 122:
ANIMATED LANTEBN PIOTUEES. 103revol
Page 123 and 124:
ANIMATED LANTEBN PIOTUEES. 105point
Page 125 and 126:
[antern * =Highest Quality only.[en
Page 127 and 128:
INDEX.C.Abaorption, to show, 94Acet
Page 129 and 130:
iINDEX. 109Lantern, epectrosoope, 9
Page 131 and 132:
INDEXTo the Practical HandbooksPubl
Page 133 and 134:
and—';Catalogue .,PracticalPublis
Page 135 and 136:
Chas. Sceibneb's Sons, New Ywh.Bunk
Page 137 and 138:
'ofCage;Chas. Scbibnee'b Sons, New
Page 139 and 140:
Chas. Scbibnek's Sons, New YorTc. 9
Page 141 and 142:
'Ohas. Sceibnee's Sons, New Yorle.
Page 143 and 144:
:Ohas. Sceibneb's Sons, New Yorh. 1
Page 145 and 146:
Chas. Scbibnee's Sons, New York. 15
show all

Modern magic lanterns; a guide to the ... - Yesterday Image

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?