process the memory has to be evoked of theirprevious life:“He thought that the training of peoplebegins with the senses, when we see beautiful shapesand forms and hear beautiful rhythms and melodies.So the first stage of his system of education wasIamblichus relates that the key to healingin Pythagoreanism lay in the patient’sprevious existence.music: songs and rhythms from which came healingof human temperaments and passions. The originalharmony of the soul’s powers was restored, andPythagoras devised remission and complete recoveryfrom diseases affecting both body and soul.“It is especially remarkable that he orchestratedfor his pupils what they call ‘arrangements’ and‘treatments.’ With supernatural skill, he madeblends of diatonic, chromatic and enharmonicmelodies, which easily transformed into theiropposites the maladies of the soulwhich had lately without reasonarisen, or were beginning to growin his students: grief, anger, pity;misplaced envy, fear; all kinds ofdesires, appetite, wanting; emptyconceit, depression, violence. Allthese he restored to virtue, using theappropriate melodies like mixturesof curative drugs.”We also learn fromIamblichus that Pythagorascould achieve the same effect ina different way…, not throughinstruments or vocals, but ratherthrough a divine, ineffable anddifficult to conceive power:“He no longer used musicalinstruments or songs to createorder. Through some unutterable,almost inconceivable likeness to thegods, his hearing and his mind wereintent upon the celestial harmoniesof the cosmos. It seemed as if healone could hear and understand theuniversal harmony and music of thespheres and of the stars which movewithin them, uttering a song morecomplete and satisfying than anyhuman melody, composed of subtlyvaried sounds of motion and speedsPetrarch (1304-1374)Marsilio Ficino (1433-1499)and sizes and positions, organised in a logical andharmonious relation to each other, and achieving amelodious circuit of subtle and exceptional beauty.“Refreshed by this, and by regulating andexercising his reasoning powers, he conceived theidea of giving his disciples some image of thesethings, imitating them, so far as it waspossible, through musical instruments orthe unaccompanied voice. He believed thathe alone of those on Earth could hear andunderstand the utterance of the universe, andthat he was worthy to learn from the fountainheadand origin of existence…, and to make himself, byeffort and imitation, like the heavenly beings. Thedivine power which brought him to birth had givenhim alone this fortunate endowment. Other people,he thought, must be content to look to him, and toderive their profit and improvement from the imagesand models he offered them as gifts, since theywere not able truly to apprehend the pure, primaryarchetypes.”Renaissance ItalyLong after these Neo-Platonic philosophers, furtherdistinguished minds began toappear in what is now Italy. Theywere able to appreciate, recogniseand deepen that knowledge thatmysteriously disappeared in thechaos following the decline of theRoman Empire. The Italian scholarFrancesco Petrarca (1304-1374),whom we know as Petrarch, hada large library of works of theclassical period. But for all hislove of learning, he was unable tolearn Greek and lamented the factthat he would never arrive at thebest understanding of philosophybecause his Greek was not goodenough. He referred to Pythagorasas: “the most ancient of all naturalphilosophers.”With the great philosophersof the Renaissance came a reevaluationof the PythagoreanSchool. The humanist philosopherMarsilio Ficino acknowledgedthe influence of Pythagoras onPlato. In his villa near Florence,Ficino obtained the patronage of32The Rosicrucian Beacon -- June 2009
Pico della Mirandola(1463-1494)Lorenzo de Medici andset up the AccademiaPlatonica (Plato’sAcademy) where hetranslated Plato’s worksinto Latin directly fromthe Greek. He went onto translate the works ofPorphyry, Iamblichus,Proclus and Plotinusinto Latin, therebyensuring the continuedsurvival of Pythagoreanthought.That great Neo-Platonist Giovanni Picodella Mirandola regarded Pythagoras as aChristian sage. He equated the peace promisedby Jesus with the Pythagorean peace “in whichall rational souls not only shall come into harmonyin the one mind which is above all minds, but shall insome ineffable way become altogether one. That is thefriendship which the Pythagoreans say is the end ofall philosophy.” Another one of his writings wasthe almost impenetrable Fourteen Conclusionsafter Pythagorean Mathematics.And Leonardo da Vinci, in hisstudies and researches, alsoheld Pythagoras in high esteem,presenting his own proof ofthe Pythagoras theorem (a 2 +b 2 = c 2 ).The hermeticistGiordano Bruno, in his DialoghiItaliani (Italian Dialogues)said that “best and purest isthe world of Pythagoras, more sothan that of Plato.” TommasoCampanella, author of theutopian work “City of theSun” studied Pythagoras withlove and presented himself asthe continuator of that ancienttradition, and Galileo wasable to restore the glory of thePythagoreans in the scientificfield.PostscriptThe Pythagorean school neverre-emerged from the ashesof its destruction and thetragedy was that, for the mostLeonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) and his proof of thePythagoras Theorum.part, its wisdom was a great anachronism.Undoubtedly this was a major factor in itsdecline and the propagation of its teachingswas continued outside the uninitiated. Indeed,Pythagoreanism fell under the weight of its ownmagnitude.Other figures from the early modern period that were influenced by Pythagoras:1. Giordano Bruno (1548-1600), 2. Tommaso Campanella (1568-1639), 3. GalileoGalilei (1564-1642).The Rosicrucian Beacon -- June 200933
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