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72Detection Sensors for Rail SagsThe SMRT has installed special sensors to detectthird rail sags. Once a sag is detected, it will be fixedimmediately. It is also using new methods to moreefficiently ensure that the third rail is in good condition.3Upgrading of TrainsAfter every 500,000km travelled, which takes about3½ years, SMRT trains are overhauled.As the trains are ageing, they will be upgraded. Majortrain systems that have reached their life-limits, orhave become obsolete will be upgraded or completelyreplaced. Some of these systems include the trains’propulsion system, bogie, air-conditioning system,brake system and structural re-enforcement.4Stiffer Fines for Train DisruptionsFrom the maximum $1 million which rail operatorscould be fined in the past for train disruptions, theLTA is raising the cap to a percentage of an operator’sannual fare revenue for the affected line.The LTA is also making sure that in the event of atrain disruption, the train operators are well-preparedto manage the situation, from the arrangement ofbus bridging services to the manning of customerservice hotlines.1 – 4 Some of the works that have been taking place in the train depot and along the rail tracks.