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Structure of Router Router must complete threebasic functions(RFC1812)1. Routingbuilding up the routing table byrouting algorithms2.Route Lookupgiving the best choice for next hopby matching the route in therouting table3. Forwardingswitching the packet from input tooutput interface
Before We Go AnyFurther …Usually, IP ROUTING PROTOCOLS DO NOTDYNAMICALLY ROUTE AROUND NETWORKCONGESTIONIP traffic can be very burstyDynamic adjustments in routing typicallyoperate more slowly than fluctuations intraffic loadDynamically adapting routing to accountfor traffic load can lead to wild, unstableoscillations of routing system
Page 2 and 3: OUTLINEInternet- intra-domain: RIP,
Page 5 and 6: Shared BackplaneCPURouteTableBuffer
Page 7 and 8: Switched BackplaneLineCardCPUCardLi
Page 11 and 12: 1. MooreMoore 2. Moore
Page 13 and 14: DRAM10001980 1983 1986 1989 1992 19
Page 15 and 16: OUTLINEInternet- intra-domain: RIP,
Page 17 and 18: Routing and ForwardingDefault toups
Page 19 and 20: Virtual circuits“source-to-dest p
Page 21 and 22: Datagram networks:the Internet mode
Page 23: Internet- intra-domain: RIP, OSPF-
Page 27 and 28: Routing AlgorithmClassificationGlob
Page 29 and 30: A Link-State RoutingAlgorithmDijkst
Page 31 and 32: Dijsktra’s Algorithm1 Initializat
Page 33 and 34: Spanning tree gives routing tableSt
Page 35 and 36: Distance Vector Routing Algorithmit
Page 37 and 38: Distance table gives routingtableED
Page 39 and 40: Distance Vector Algorithm:At all no
Page 41 and 42: Distance Vector Algorithm:exampleX2
Page 43 and 44: Distance Vector: link costchangesLi
Page 45 and 46: Comparison of LS and DValgorithmsMe
Page 47 and 48: Internet- intra-domain: RIP, OSPF-
Page 49 and 50: Requirements for Intra-ASRoutingSho
Page 51 and 52: Requirements for Inter-ASRoutingSho
Page 53 and 54: Internet AS HierarchyIntra-AS borde
Page 57 and 58: RIP: Examplezw x yADBDestination Ne
Page 59 and 60: RIP: Link Failure andRecoveryIf no
Page 63 and 64: Hierarchical OSPFBackboneArea1 Area
Page 65 and 66: OSPFUse IP as transport, IP protoco
Page 67 and 68: OSPF Motivation (Cont.)Suffered fro
Page 69 and 70: Functional Requirements ofOSPF (Con
Page 71 and 72: OSPF BasicsDistributed, replicated
Page 73 and 74: OSPF Basics (Cont.)OSPF has 3 sub-p
Page 75 and 76:
Neighbor Discovery andMaintenanceOS
Page 77 and 78:
Choosing RoutesDijkstra - Shortest
Page 79 and 80:
Internet- intra-domain: RIP, OSPF-
Page 81 and 82:
Intra-AS and Inter-AS routingaHosth
Page 83 and 84:
Autonomous Routing DomainA collecti
Page 85 and 86:
AS Numbers (ASNs)ASNs are 16 bit va
Page 87 and 88:
Nontransit vs. Transit ASesISP 1ISP
Page 89 and 90:
Customers and Providersproviderprov
Page 91 and 92:
The Peering Relationshippeerprovide
Page 93 and 94:
ISP6- “”- “”- “”CERNET
Page 95 and 96:
BGP-4 BGP = Border Gateway Protocol
Page 97 and 98:
BGP Operations (Simplified)Establis
Page 99 and 100:
BGP AttributesValue Code Reference-
Page 101 and 102:
Route Selection SummaryHighest Loca
Page 103 and 104:
AS PATH Attribute135.207.0.0/16AS P
Page 105 and 106:
Two Types of BGP NeighborRelationsh
Page 107 and 108:
Join EGP with IGP ForConnectivity13
Page 109 and 110:
Attention• BGP is not guaranteed
Page 111 and 112:
BGP SummaryBGP is a fairly simple p
Page 113:
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