growth and wood characteristics of acacia mangium grown in kerala

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CONTENTSPage FileAbstract 1 r.174.21 Introduction 3 r.174.32 Review of Literature 4 r.174.43 Materials and Methods 12 r.174.54 Results and Discussion 18 r.174.65 Conclusions 45 r.174.76 References 48 r.174.87 Appendices 55 r.174.9
ABSTRACTcacia mangium in the recent years. has achieved wide popularity in theA private sector plantation programmes in Kerala. India, as a multi-purposefast growing species. As no data on growth and wood properties ofKerala grown A. mangium were available. a preliminary study was conductedduring 1994-'96 to evaluate the performance of this species.Trees of age 1 to 13 years available either singly or from plantations indifferent parts of the Kerala State were used for the study. Growth studiesrevealed an average girth at breast height (GBH) of 112 cm for trees of age 10years. The mean annual increment (MAI) of GBH varied from 11 to 18 cm.The mean height of the trees varied from 4 m to 9 m at the age of 1 year, to26.2 m at the age of 10 years: the corresponding MAI in height was in therange of 1.8-6.1 m. These values indicate that the species is fast- growing.The wood properties of 8 to 10-year-old trees were evaluated. Basic densityof stem wood was in the range of 425-575 kg/m3. with the mean value of 500kg/m3. This value is comparable to that of Kerala grown rubber wood of age30-35 years. Between the age 8 and 10 years. difference in wood density wasnot significant. Bark was found to be heavier than wood, mean bark densityof stern wood was 570 kg/m3 for 8-year-old trees and 625 kg/m3 for 10-yearoldtrees. The bark constituted about 13 to 14 % by volume and about 10 to11 % by weight. The average bark thickness was in the range of 0.4-0.6 cm.The mean heartwood content was about 50 percent. A softer corewood wasfound in all the trees studied which occupied 7 to 14 % of the wood volume:comparatively larger quantity than that of other common timbers grown inKerala. This indicated the prevalence of reaction wood. The core wood getsdetached from the heartwood while drying, which is an undesirable featureas far as many end-uses are concerned. The wood exhibited only normalshrinkage: in the range of 1.2% for radial and 2 to 4% for tangentialdirections from green to air-dry condition.As far as the physical properties of the branch wood was concerned, it wasfound that branch wood was denser than stem wood, the mean value ofbranch wood density being 570 kg/m 3 . Branch bark was slightly denser thanthat of stem bark. Thickness of branch bark was less than stem bark. Thebranch wood was found to have more soft central core portion. The effectiveheartwood content of commercially utilisable branches was about 28%. andthis was lower than that of stem wood.I
Page 1: KFRI Research Report 174GROWTH AND
Page 5 and 6: 1. INTRODUCTIONcacia mangium is a p
Page 7 and 8: A. mangium is a species of the humi
Page 9 and 10: and Lim (1993) studied the wood spe
Page 11 and 12: 2.3.3. The problem of heart-rotProg
Page 13 and 14: (1990) and Rahim et al (199 1). Met
Page 15 and 16: 11. Pattom2. Pukappurakunnu3. Manth
Page 17 and 18: components such as phyllodes. stem
Page 19 and 20: directions and the distance between
Page 21 and 22: Table 3. District-wise details of A
Page 23 and 24: Table 5. Diameter growth and estima
Page 25 and 26: 4.3. BIOMASS MEASUREMENTRatio of gr
Page 27 and 28: only in the recent years and hence
Page 29 and 30: significant. However, values obtain
Page 31 and 32: 13.6ITree No.Bark % by volumeHeight
Page 33 and 34: Table 12. Variation of bark thickne
Page 35 and 36: Table 13. Variation of heartwood pe
Page 37 and 38: I----Tangential (G-OD) 8yearTangent
Page 39 and 40: Table 15. Physical properties of br
Page 41 and 42: Table 17. Air-dry to oven-dry shrin
Page 43 and 44: Table 19. Mean values of shrinkage
Page 45 and 46: Table 20. Variation of mechanical p
Page 47 and 48: 5. CONCLUSIONScacia mangium has bee
Page 49 and 50: 7. REFERENCESAlloysius, D. 1989. Pu
Page 51 and 52: Kaber. M.F.. Bhattacharjee. D.K.. S
Page 53 and 54:
Peh. T. B.. Khoo, K.C. and Lee, T.W
Page 55 and 56:
Tomimura. Y., Khoo. K.C. and Suzuki
Page 57 and 58:
Appendix 2. District-wise number of
Page 59 and 60:
Appendix 3 contd ....measurementsee
Page 61:
Appendix 5Simple linear regression
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