growth and wood characteristics of acacia mangium grown in kerala

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, JTable 7.Biomass of three sample trees of Acacia mangium of 10 years age, grown in KFRI Subcentre campus at Nilambur, KeralaParameter Tree No. 1TREE MEASUREMENTSHeight of the tree (m) 20.4Girth at breast height (cm)Diameter at breast height (cm)69.822.2Volume (quarter girth formula) of timberabove 30 cm gob (m 3 ) 0.20 1BIOMASS MEASUREMENTS Fresh weight Oven dry(kg) weight (kg)Phyllodes 32.040 8.683Branches 21.910(2.87)17.149Dry twigs < 7 cm gob(5.67)Green twigs < 7 cm gob 29.100 14.122(4.67)Green twigs 7-10 cm gob 23.630 14.750(4.88)Green twigs 10-30 cm gob 55.800 33.2 18(10.98)Main stemUp to 30 cm gob2 1.800 12.978(4.29)> 30 cm gob 338.660 201.602(66.73)Biomass 522.940 302.502Above ground total (100)Below ground total up to 6 cm gob and upto a depth of 108 cm87.200 57.299Whole tree 554.34 359.801NA - Not availableFigures in parenthesis indicate percentage of total above-ground biomass (oven-dry weight).Tree No.2Tree No.315.2 10.439.0 21.012.4 6.70.047 NilFresh weight Oven dry Fresh weight Oven dry(kg) weight (kg) (kg) weight (kg)11.600 3.134 2.100 0.567(4.73) (4.69)5.900 4.618 0.400 0.313(6.97) (2.59)13.600 6.600 2.600 1.262(9.97) (10.44)10.500 6.554 Nil Nil(9.90) (0)Nil Nil Nil Nil(0) (0)14.500 8.632 16.700 9.942(13.04) (82.27)6 1.600 36.670 Nil Nil(55.39) (0)117.700 66.208 21.800 12.084( 100) (100)NA NA NA NANA NA NA NA
only in the recent years and hence not many plantations have been raised sofar. As timber being highly heterogeneous in properties, more number ofsamples have to be used for the estimation of wood properties. Further, inorder to account for the variation of properties within trees, the entire treesneed to be felled and sampled from various height levels. Many of theplantations are in the private sector, the owners were reluctant for felling thetrees which are in an immature stage. Collection of samples from such plotswas not possible. Hence, five trees of 8 year- old age and three trees of 10year age grown in the KFRI campus were felled and samples collected for theestimation of the wood properties.Table 2 gives the details of the sample trees felled and used for preparingsamples for evaluation of wood properties. The physical properties of thewood of trees of age 8 years and 10 years were determined. Trees of only thesetwo age groups were available for felling and conversion for sampling. Out ofthese, only two trees of age 8 years were available for estimating the branchwood properties.The timber has distinct heartwood and sapwood. Heartwood is brownishwhen first exposed which turns to dark brown during drying. Corewoodportion is distinct and is found comparatively large, weak and with loosefibres.4.4.1. Wood densityTable 8 gives the variation in basic density of stemwood with respect to heightlevels. The mean values of the basic density of stemwood at various heightlevels indicates that it decreases with increasing height level in trees of age8 years. Such a trend is not observed in trees of 10 years age. This may bedue to the limited number of sample trees of 10-year-old available for thestudy. The values of basic density range from 422.5-572.5 kg/m 3 ; the meanvalue obtained is around 500 kg/m 3 for the 8-year-old trees. The betweentree-variationin basic density of the trees of age 10 years is also covered bythe same range mentioned earlier, the mean value obtained is 508 kg/m 3 ,not much different from the mean value obtained for trees of age 8 years. Thewood density reported in an earlier study is also in the same range, 500kg/m 3 (NRC. 1983). This timber is lighter than teak wood, whose wooddensity (at 12% MC) is reported as 650 kg/m 3 (Nazma et al., 1981).Even though variation in wood properties significantly affects utilization,studies on provenance variation in terms of wood characteristics are scarce.Pipatwattanakul ( 1989) examined provenance variation in wood density of6-year-old A. mangium trial plantation and got values of 0.3-0.4 for the woodspecific gravity, differences among the 16 provenances studied were not25
Page 1 and 2: KFRI Research Report 174GROWTH AND
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACTcacia mangium in the recent
Page 5 and 6: 1. INTRODUCTIONcacia mangium is a p
Page 7 and 8: A. mangium is a species of the humi
Page 9 and 10: and Lim (1993) studied the wood spe
Page 11 and 12: 2.3.3. The problem of heart-rotProg
Page 13 and 14: (1990) and Rahim et al (199 1). Met
Page 15 and 16: 11. Pattom2. Pukappurakunnu3. Manth
Page 17 and 18: components such as phyllodes. stem
Page 19 and 20: directions and the distance between
Page 21 and 22: Table 3. District-wise details of A
Page 23 and 24: Table 5. Diameter growth and estima
Page 25: 4.3. BIOMASS MEASUREMENTRatio of gr
Page 29 and 30: significant. However, values obtain
Page 31 and 32: 13.6ITree No.Bark % by volumeHeight
Page 33 and 34: Table 12. Variation of bark thickne
Page 35 and 36: Table 13. Variation of heartwood pe
Page 37 and 38: I----Tangential (G-OD) 8yearTangent
Page 39 and 40: Table 15. Physical properties of br
Page 41 and 42: Table 17. Air-dry to oven-dry shrin
Page 43 and 44: Table 19. Mean values of shrinkage
Page 45 and 46: Table 20. Variation of mechanical p
Page 47 and 48: 5. CONCLUSIONScacia mangium has bee
Page 49 and 50: 7. REFERENCESAlloysius, D. 1989. Pu
Page 51 and 52: Kaber. M.F.. Bhattacharjee. D.K.. S
Page 53 and 54: Peh. T. B.. Khoo, K.C. and Lee, T.W
Page 55 and 56: Tomimura. Y., Khoo. K.C. and Suzuki
Page 57 and 58: Appendix 2. District-wise number of
Page 59 and 60: Appendix 3 contd ....measurementsee
Page 61: Appendix 5Simple linear regression

growth and wood characteristics of acacia mangium grown in kerala

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