Soundcraft Guide to Mixing - Music

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SECTION 1: Starting OutTHE MASTER SECTIONNOPQRSMix OutputsMix outputs provide left and right level control of the finalstereo mix. Many consoles feature mix insert points too,allowing the connection of signal processors across thewhole mix.Monitor “Engineer’s” / Control Room OutputsThese let you listen to any solo, mix, submix from a group,or the 2 Track tape return via an external amplifier andspeakers, or the headphone socket.2 Track Tape ReturnsAllow you to connect the outputs of your cassette or DATplayer and listen back to your completed masterwork. Theymay also be used for playing pre-show music at a gig using2-Track to Mix switch (not shown in illustration).Aux MastersThese govern the overall output levels from the auxiliaryoutputs and therefore the amount of signal going to aneffects unit or a musician’s foldback mix.AFLAllows monitoring of the actual signal leaving the AuxMasters.MetersNormally they show mix output levels. When any Solobutton is pressed, the meters automatically switch to showthe solo level. They provide visual indication of what’sgoing on in your mixer.VMore Information onCondenser Mics can befound in Section 3 - MixingTechniques.Further detail on micwiring may be found inSection 7 - wiring.HeadphonesAllow you to listen toyour mix withoutannoying yourneighbours or beingdistracted by ambientsounds.That’s it, the basic featuresof your average mixingconsole. If you found it alittle heavy going, don’tdespair: it does get easier!ULMIX INSERT48VSREF +4dBuPHONESQPOSTPRESUBTOMIX0MIXLRL000MONITORO1610630-3-6-9-12-16PFLPOWER54 63 7101010R2 81 90 10RLRAUX1AUX2AUX30NMONO SUMV2TKLEVELAFLAFLAFLMAXSUB54 63 72 81 90 102TKPFLAFLR54 63 72 81 90 10MONO SUM0P2TKPHONESLRTUStereo Returns (see Stereo Inputs earlier in this section)These allow signals from external equipment, such as effectsunits, to be returned to the mixer and routed to the stereoMix or Groups, without using up valuable input channels.+48v or Phantom PowerSome microphones, known as condenser mics, requirebattery power to operate. Alternatively the power may beprovided by the console. This is known as ‘phantom power’and runs at 48vDC. Simply press “Phantom Power” andany condenser mics connected will operate without theneed for batteries.5101520253040∞L SUB R5101520253040∞5101520253040∞L MIX RCaution: DO NOT ACTIVATE A GLOBAL PHANTOMPOWER SWITCH IF AN UNBALANCED SIGNALSOURCES IS CONNECTED TO ANY MIC INPUT.Because of the voltage present on pins 2 and 3 of the XLRconnector, you will damage your microphone/signal source.Always refer to your Mixer’s User Guide.FIG. 1.56
D. Signal FlowMICLINENow the typical mixer features have been explained indetail it is important to understand how they formtogether. The route which a signal source takes through amixer is normally shown using one of two devices:a block diagram or a signal flow diagram.Both diagrams provide a ‘visual’ description of the keyelements of the mixing console. They allow you to identifywhich components are used in the audio path and help theengineer to “troubleshoot” when signal sources don’t appearto be doing what they should! In simple terms, they areelectronic maps.An example of a signal flow diagram is shown here. Thisis the most basic representation of console layout, showinga how a single sound source may pass through an inputstrip to the various other parts of the mixer.Block diagrams are slightly more complex, showing moredetail, electronic information, including the location ofresistors and capacitors, and the structure of the entireconsole including bussing: an example is shown on page37. Block diagrams also use a number of symbols torepresent electronic elements. A few minutes spentunderstanding them some time during your journeythrough this booklet will most definitely pay-off in futuremixing projects.MICPREAMPHI PASSFILTERINSERTEQON/OFFSWITCHAUX PREAUX PREMASTERAUX PREOUTSECTION 1: Starting OutFADERAUX POSTAUX POSTMASTERAUX POSTOUTPANFIG. 1.6A Typical Signal Flow PathROUTINGSWITCHSUB GROUPFADERSUB GROUPOUTSUB GROUPTO MIXMIXFADERMIXOUTPUT7
Page 1 and 2: THE SOUNDCRAFTGUIDE TO MIXINGSoundc
Page 3 and 4: STARTING OUTC. The Controls -A Desc
Page 8 and 9: SECTION 2: Connecting Equipment to
Page 10: SECTION 3: Mixing TechniquesMIXING
Page 13 and 14: Bearing the above points in mind, t
Page 15 and 16: E. Using Signal ProcessorsThe Diffe
Page 17 and 18: To Stereo InputPA MIXINGA. A Typica
Page 19 and 20: Setting the Mix• Turn down the am
Page 21 and 22: MEDIUM SIZED VENUESDRUMMER'SMONITOR
Page 23 and 24: OTHER APPLICATIONSA. Monitor Mixing
Page 25 and 26: IN THE STUDIOA. Essentials & Ergono
Page 27 and 28: mixer’s block diagram and use out
Page 29 and 30: ELECTRIC GUITAR• Some players pre
Page 31 and 32: WIRING & CONNECTORSFaulty connector
Page 33 and 34: CROSSOVERA passive circuit, normall
Page 35 and 36: MUTE GROUPSA method of combining th
Page 37 and 38: +48VMIC/LINEGAINMICINPUT1 2LINEINPU
Page 39: NotesE&OE. All contents © 2001 Sou

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