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THIRD EDITION MTMCTEA PAM 55-20SECTION I GENERAL CARGO AND LOADINGPRINCIPLESSingle-unit and tractor-semitrailer trucks both commonly transport general cargo Generalcargo can be loose, palletized, or containerized Because each cargo load is different, thispamphlet cannot show tiedown patterns for all possible loads This section presents generalprinciples for tying down cargo The driver who follows these general principles and uses extratiedowns, when in doubt, will have a properly-loaded vehicleAlways secure a load, even if the trip is just a short distance on a military installation Ajolt, during starting or stopping, or a road vibration could topple an unsecured load Accidentscaused by unsecured loads have occurred on trips of less than 1/10 mile Generally, the firstrequirement to conduct a halt to check the load during a convoy is at the 1 hour mark All otherhalts are 10 minutes every 2 hours On longer trips, check tiedowns about 2 miles from yourorigin, at all halts (rest stops), and whenever you suspect a problem with your load Vibrationmay reveal a problem with a load that appeared to be adequately secured at the origin If theload has a turret and gun or other rotating parts, be sure to secure those parts to prevent rotationinto the path of oncoming traffic Weather proofing exposed loads is also recommendedBased on FM 55-30, Army Motor Transport Units and Operations, 27 June 1997, Figure1 shows some common do's and don’ts for loading cargo vehicles The payload should be assymmetrical as possible about the longitudinal centerline of the cargo vehicle It should alsobe distributed as uniformly as possible over the cargo vehicle’s bedImproperly placed cargo can make vehicles unstable and difficult to control It can alsooverstress the frame Of course, you should never overload a cargo vehicle The vehicle dataplate shows the rated cargo (payload) capacity The names of most military cargo vehiclesalso tell the payload capacity For example, a 5-ton truck can carry up to 5 tons (10,000pounds) The rated cargo capacity is for a vehicle with a properly distributed load111
THIRD EDITION MTMCTEA PAM 55-20Munitions must be restrained by specific procedures, which can be obtained from theUS Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC) For ease in ordering procedure publications,send an e-mail request to smaac-det@dac-emh2armymil or use the following web link:http://wwwdacarmymil/DET/When your vehicle is transported by highway, the following restraint criteria is used fordeveloping tiedown procedures:Highway07 g forward (relative to the transporter)03 g aft and lateral05 g verticalWhen your vehicle is transported by other modes, the following restraint criteria is usedfor developing tiedown procedures:Rail40 g longitudinal15 g lateral20 g verticalMarine081 g lateral relative to ship042 g longitudinal000 g verticalAir (USAF) Fixed Wing30 g forward relative to aircraft20 g vertical15 g aft and lateralAir (Army) Rotary Wing CH-4740 g forward relative to aircraft20 g aft and vertical15 g lateral222
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