TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR EGG PRODUCTION INTRODUCTION In ...

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FIXED ASSETSKey farm assets required in egg production are as per theattached Appendix 1. However, it should be noted that someassets may not be necessary for the project. Some can behired from other farmers instead of purchasing them. Forexample, if it is cheaper to hire transport for the project, it willbe better off not to purchase a farm vehicle. Materialsrequired for structures and buildings can be sourced fromhard-wares and stores specializing in selling agriculturalproducts/inputs. However, it is advisable to note that pricesfor the required items vary greatly depending on where andwhen they are purchased.Equipments and toolsIt should be noted that replacement of equipment and toolsfor poultry projects occurs periodically as and when needed.For example, pipes used for water reticulation and egg cratesare plastic made. Therefore, they may need frequentreplacement as they can easily break or be eaten by rats. Inthis guideline, replacement costs were estimated as annualdepreciation for the varying items and facilities.Operational costs (P)Egg cartons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.00Layers mash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144.00 / 50kg bagStress pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20.00 / 100 gNewcastle vaccine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.20 /1000 vaccinesProtective clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500.00 / person/ yrTransportation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500.00 / monthWater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.60 / 1000lElectricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.00 / monthLabour wages / P/ month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .500.00Manager/ P/ month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .900LoanInstitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .CEDAInterest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7.5%Repayment period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 yearsAmount (Yr 0 total cost) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385,920.26Poultry houseIn Botswana, a house with open sides is recommended forpoultry production. Open sided house is important for thehealth of the flock as it controls climatic condition as it allowsair renewal and supply of oxygen. The house also allows airmovement and promotes improved heat loss by evaporationand convection. In addition, curtains are recommended foruse as they will assist to control air movement andtemperature.817
Farm assets and development costs (P)Material transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3,000.00Houses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1,100.0 m 2Poultry structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180.00 m 2Fencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15.00 mElectricity (installation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7,000.00Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70,000.00Two tier starter cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4,675.00Two tier follower cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3,960.00Egg crate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179.69Generator (back -up) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8,100.00Pullets @ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41.50Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0Price inflation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.1 %10,000 litre tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7,000 lDepreciation (straight line method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Houses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 yearsPoultry structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 yearsFencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 yearsVehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 yearsGenerator (back -up) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 yearsCages/ crate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 years10,000 litre tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 yearsThe design and size of the laying house is determined by thesize of the flock purchased or kept, the cost and the climaticcondition of the locality.Layers of the same age should be housed together to enablethe farmer to prevent potential problems like high risk ofcontinuous infection, administer different schedules fordifferent types of vaccines, feeds and follow the right methodof lighting.Two poultry houses each measuring 15m x 8m will berequired to accommodate 20 cages. This means that eachhouse will accommodate 10 cages (1 two tier starter cages +9 follower cages) for a flock size of 1000 hens. A cage willhave 20 partitions will accommodate 5 hens each.It is advisable to put up the building across prevailing winds,which is always from south to north position. This allows air tocirculate into and out of the building. In Botswana, poultryhouse orientation should be from east to west position.Concrete floor and spacing: A concrete floor is highlyrecommended as it assists in controlling parasites like mitesand is easy to clean. In addition, it is advisable to provideadequate floor space for each hen as that is essential for itsgrowth, health, productivity and general well being.Congestion of chickens will lead to an increase in mortality,thus resulting in low production.Sidewalls: It is recommended that sidewalls be made ofcorrugated iron or bricks. In addition, sidewalls shouldincorporate an adjustable roll-down reinforced curtain for useduring cold weather and at night. The height of a sidewallshould consist three (3) layers of bricks or measure between25cm to 70cm. A wire mesh of 25mm will be used to closethe open space between the sidewall and roof gable.169
Page 1 and 2: TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR EGG PRODUCTIONI
Page 3 and 4: EGG PRODUCTION PROJECTIONSPmtNo.Ent
Page 6 and 7: MARKETING ISSUESMarket surveyA prop
Page 10 and 11: Shape of roof: Practically poultry
Page 12: INFRASTRUCTUREElectricity/Gas: It i

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