55th Inaugural Lecture - 2007 by Prof. O. Akaranta - University of ...

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usually used in the production of some plastic wares. An endproduct of one industry may become the feedstock (rawmaterial) for another industry.Industrial raw materials are either of mineral, animal orvegetable origin. Mineral sources include petroleum, ores, andcoal, while animal sources are: fats, hides and skins, bloodsand bones. Vegetable sources include vegetable oils, timbers,cereals, tubers and nuts. The vegetable sources occupy animportant position in the provision of industrial raw materials.This is because they are readily renewable resources. The rapidincreasing world population, high demand for industrial rawmaterials and the realization that the supply of raw materialsfrom mineral sources is finite have given significance to therenew-ability of raw materials.Although vegetable sources of raw materials are readilyrenewable, the utilization of agricultural residues as sources ofindustrial raw materials will help in sustaining the highdemand for industrial raw materials and reduce the cost of theend products. It will also reduce the environmental pollutionsusually caused by indiscriminate dumping of such wastes. Inthe University of Port Harcourt, value – added products have6
een obtained from agricultural wastes through the applicationof chemical processes.Crop ResiduesThese are residues produced mainly during the processing ofcrops. They include husks, red onion and peanut skins, corncob, palm fruit fibres etc.Rice Bran OilThe production of white rice goes hand in hand with theproduction of its by-product known as rice bran, the brownskin that covers the rice grain. It is the most valuable “waste”of the rice milling industry due to its high industrial andnutritive potentials. It contains about 15-25% oil. In view ofthe fact that the vegetable oil industry in developing countrieshas severe shortage of raw material, rice bran appears to bewell on its way to becoming a recognized raw material for theproduction of vegetable oils and protein based animal feeds(UNIDO, 1985).7
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURTAGRO WAS
Page 3 and 4: The Vice - Chancellor, Sir,Members
Page 6 and 7: Table 1: Residues from the Processi
Page 10 and 11: Orange Seed and Peel OilsAll seeds
Page 12 and 13: satisfied International Standards O
Page 14 and 15: Figure 2:A Red Onion Skin Extract A
Page 16 and 17: of lignocellulosic materials for ch
Page 18 and 19: Pentosan an aldopentose furfural(in
Page 20 and 21: HOHOOH + ClCH 2COONaalkalinesolutio
Page 22 and 23: peel has been reported as a good po
Page 24 and 25: with superphosphates and used as co
Page 26 and 27: (Azbar et al 2004). The methods inc
Page 28 and 29: polymerized onion skin is highly ef
Page 30 and 31: substrate is in the following decre
Page 32 and 33: Figure 3: A Schematic Representatio
Page 34 and 35: alternatives to the non-renewable r
Page 36 and 37: into our environment. The guideline
Page 38 and 39: CONCLUDING REMARKSMr. Vice - Chance
Page 40 and 41: REFERENCESAdebowale, E.A (1985), No
Page 42 and 43: Akaranta, O. and Anusiem, A.C. I. (
Page 44 and 45: Halliday, D. (1975), Animal Blood a
Page 46 and 47: Thickeners in Latex Paints, Carbohy
Page 48 and 49: Critical Review on Current Treatmen

55th Inaugural Lecture - 2007 by Prof. O. Akaranta - University of ...

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