Presentation Slides (PDF) - OpenCert

Why Standardizing Linux?• Standardization of some common subset of operatingsystem functionality that is still enough for mostapplications would make “the Single Linux Platform”.• Any standard compliant applications and distributionswould become compatible with each other.• Preventing the fragmentation of the Linux platform:• Lower development and support cost forapplication vendors.• Distribution vendors get more applications ported tothe Linux platform.• End-users can choose their distro and their appswithout vendor lock-in.5

The Linux Foundation• Nonprofit international consortium(http://www.linuxfoundation.org)• Founded in 2007 as a merger of theFree Standards Group (FSG) and theOpen Source Development Labs (OSDL)• Platinum members of the Linux Foundation:6

Linux Standard Base (LSB)• The leading Linux standard• The first version of LSB 1.0 – 2001• In 2005 approved as ISO/IEC 23360• Current version: LSB 3.2 (Feb 2008)• Nearest plans:LSB 4.0 – End of 2008LSB 5.0 – End of 20097

LSB 3.2 Overview• Defines the composition and behavior of interfaces ofthe main Linux system libraries(over 30000 functions).• Specifies the structure of system folders, systemcommands and ELF and sub-RPM formats.• Supports 7 HW architectures - IA32 (x86), AMD64(x86_64), IA64 (Itanium), PowerPC 32, PowerPC 64,IBM S390 and IBM S390X.• Refers to the existing standards and documents:• Single UNIX Specification - POSIX• ISO C99, SVID, …• Upstream specifications8

LSB 3.2 ModulesModuleLSB CoreLSB C++ RuntimeLSB Desktop- Graphics (X11 & aux.)- GTK- Qt3 + Qt4- XMLPrinting & MultimediaTotalGeneric Interfaces1611150829093223246239797 + 111571284771329839

LSB Certified Distributions10

LSB Infrastructure Program• Started in Sept 2006 jointly bythe Linux Foundation andthe Russian Linux Verification Center(ISPRAS).• General goal: create a uniform infrastructurefor developing and using the LSB standard byvarious interested parties (ISVs, distro vendors,LSB workgroup).11

Russian Linux VerificationCenter at ISPRAS• Founded in 2005 with the support of RussianFederal Agency for Science and Innovations• A division of ISPRAS• Working closely on LSB with the LinuxFoundation (formerly with FSG) since 2006• 30 engineers12

LSB InfrastructureProgram Areas• Develop new LSB informational systems:• The central LSB Database• Online LSB Navigator (visual search & browseinterface over the Database)• Online LSB Certification System• Develop new testing technologies and tools:• Automated test development frameworks fordifferent cost & quality grades of tests• Automated test execution and result analysisframeworks.• Develop new tests.13

LSB InfrastructureSystems & ToolsLinux Developer NetworkCertification SystemLSB NavigatorApplicationDevelopers (ISVs)LSB SpecificationDistributionDevelopers (OSVs)App Checker Eclipse Plug-inSample Impl. SDKLSB Application ToolsLSBDistributionTestkitMultiTestingFarmLSB Distribution Tools14

LSB Central Database• 81 tables with about 25 million records.• MySQL engine.• 3 main parts:• Standardized Elements – structured info aboutLSB entities such as modules, libraries, headers,classes, interfaces, types, etc.• Linux Ecosystem – composition of real-worlddistributions and applications.• Certification Info – certified product registry andcertification workflow support data.15

LSB DB:Standardized ElementsLibrariesLibGroupsHeadersC++ ClassesInterfacesConstantsHeader SectionsTypesLibraries44Classes969LibGroups221Interfaces36102Headers465Types4533Header Sections882Constants608816

LSB DB:Linux Ecosystem• 53 distributions• 1089 applications• Constantly augmented…OpenSUSE 10.3 on x86-64Components 482Libraries 3 310Commands 2 653Classes 33 025Interfaces 718 54417

Automatic Generators on topof the Database• Generators of the LSB standard text.• Generators of core modules of the LSB SDK(GCC wrapper, header files, stub-libraries).• Generators of core modules of the LSBtesting tools.18

LSB Navigator• A web-system for Linux developers:• Interactive version of the LSB standard• Information about broad Linux ecosystem:How many and which upstream components arein Linux?What do modern distributions consist of?What are external binary dependencies of realworld applications?• LSB workgroup services• Live version:• http://linuxfoundation.org/navigator/19

LSB Test Execution Tools• Test Execution Frameworks:• Distro Testkit (DTK) Manager – distribution testing• App Testkit (ATK) Manager – application testing• Main features:• Web-based visual and command line interface tochoose from• Selecting which specific tests to run• Executing tests and monitoring progress• User friendly test results in interactive HTML reports• Context links to web resources (Navigator, Wiki)• Integration with the online Certification System20

Certification System• An online web-system with 3 major parts:• Certification Management – step-by-stepcertification workflow support and enablinginteraction with Linux Foundation staff.• Product Directory – public list of LSB-certifiedproducts with various filters and grouppings.• Problem Reporting – maintaining lifecycle ofvarious test problems and keeping a knowledgebase of known issues.21

Test DevelopmentFrameworks• 3 frameworks for automated test developmentof various “cost & quality” levels:• UniTESK – a model-driven technology and toolsfor generating sophisticated “deep” tests.• T2C – a framework for developing “normal” tests inC/C++ using special extensions handled by a postprocessorand support libraries.• Azov – a unique technology for mass-generationof numerous simple (“shallow”) tests based on thestructured information about target interfaces fromthe LSB Database.22

New LSB Distribution Tests(2007- mid 2008)Testing GradeDeep TestsNormal TestsShallow TestsTotalTest Cases Tested Interfaces~20 000 1 20013 300 2 60020 700 20 700~54 000 24 50023

Resources• Linux Standard Base (LSB)http://linuxfoundation.org/en/LSB• LSB Infrastructure Program Homehttp://ispras.linuxfoundation.org• Linux Developer Networkhttp://ldn.linuxfoundation.org24

Contacts• Russian Linux Verification Centerhttp://linuxtesting.org• Institute for System Programming of the RAShttp://ispras.ru• Vladimir Rubanovvrub@ispras.ru25