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Efficient seedbed preparation
The soil is the most important resourcein productive agriculture. Choice of theprimary cultivation procedure, for theparticular location, and optimal use oftechnology, help retain the long-termprofitability of the soil. Another importantfactor for a successful harvest –irrespective of the cultivation procedure– is the preparation of seedbeds.The objective here is to prepare the soilso that the seeds can quickly germinateand efficiently grow. The prepared soilstructure should remain stable rightthrough to harvest.After primary soil cultivation the land isprepared for optimum plant developmentby the preparation of seedbeds.The seeds which have been sown andare germinating in the soil requirewater, heat and air to develop. The surfacesoil should be soft enough for theseedlings to grow through. The areaunder the seeds should be reconsolidatedto aid capillary action and watersupply to the plant. These factors areoptimised in a well prepared seedbed,thereby ensuring the basic requirementsfor a good growth rate.Seedbed preparation must also performthe following tasks:••The surface left by the primary soilcultivation must be levelled to createuniform conditions for sowing.••The tools on a machine used for thepreparation of seedbeds, e.g. powerharrow tines, must break up clods,lumps and crumbs. However, it is notjust a queston of generating the correctaggregate sizes. Even clod distributionin the seedbed and the longtermstructural stability of the soil arealso important for plantdevelopment.••The soil must be cultivated to a consistentworking depth.••An adequate reconsolidation of thesoil under the seeds is essential foroptimum soil compaction to ensurethat the seedlings are supplied withwater during the first growth phase.• • The pore volume, in the topsoil, mustbe large enough to ensure an adequatesupply of water and air to theplant roots.
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