LaTeX Math Mode

LaTeX Math Mode – Equations (II)Equation over multiple lines: 'eqnarray'Two alignment points, set with '&'Terms are aligned right in the first part, centered in themiddle, and aligned to the left on the last partNewline command: '\\'\begin{eqnarray}x_{k+1} & = & x_k + \Phi(t_k, x_k) \nonumber \\~ & = & x_k + h \cdot f(t_k, x_k) \\~ & = & x_k + h \cdot \lambda \cdot e^{x_k}\end{eqnarray}LaTeX Math Mode – Equations (III)AMS Multiple Equations:There are several environments for equations defined inAMSMath: align, flalign, split, multiple, ...\begin{align}x_{k+1} & = x_k + \Phi(t_k, x_k) \nonumber \\& = x_k + h \cdot f(t_k, x_k) \\& = x_k + h \cdot \lambda \cdot e^{x_k}\end{align}Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 7Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 8ArraysLaTeX Math Mode – Arrays (I)Rectangular environments with individual cells, like tablesCell-divisor: '&'Row/Line-divisor: '\\'Horizontal alignment in each column: r(ight), c(enter), l(eft)Alignment specifier determines number of columns!The number must not be exceeded!\begin{equation}\begin{array}{lcr}a & = & 1 \\b+c & = & 2 \\d & = & a + b\end{array}\end{equation}Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 9MatricesLaTeX Math Mode – Arrays (II)Matrices can be built from Arrays by adding parenthesesParentheses on the left side are introduced with '\left', on theright side with '\right':Normal parentheses: \left(\right)Curly parentheses (must be escaped!): \left\{Brackets (must not be escaped!): \left[ \right]Invisible: \left. \right.\right\}Of course, closing parentheses can be used an the left andopening parentheses on the right side:\left)\right[Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 10LaTeX Math Mode – Arrays (III)\begin{equation}\left(\begin{array}{ccc}a_{1,1} & a_{1,2} & \ldots \\a_{2,1} & a_{2,2} & \ldots \\\vdots & \vdots & \ddots\end{array}\right)\end{equation}\begin{equation}|x| :=\left\{\begin{array}{rl}-x & \text{if } x < 0 \\x & \text{if } x \geq 0\end{array}\right.\end{equation}Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 11AMS Matrices:LaTeX Math Mode – Arrays (IV)The AMSMath Package defines several matrix types, e.g.:matrix → no delimiterspmatrix → round parenthesesbmatrix → bracketsVmatrix → double vertical linesColumns Alignments can be omitted.\begin{equation}\begin{pmatrix}4 & -1 & 0 \\-1 & 4 & -1 \\0 & -1 & 4\end{pmatrix}\end{equation}Publishing / LaTeX Math Mode Slide 12

German Umlaute\usepackage[german]{babel}„deutsche Anführungszeichen”Umlaute: \”a , \”A , \”o , \”O , \”u , \”UScharfes-S: \ss\usepackage{german}\usepackage{ngerman}Umlaute: ”a , ”A , ”o , ”O , ”u , ”UScharfes-S: ”s\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}ä , Ä , ö , Ö , ü , Ü , ßPublishing / LaTeX Slide 13\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{dinbrief}\usepackage{ngerman}\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}\begin{document}Example: dinbrief (I)%%%\subject{Betreff-Vermerk des Briefes}\backaddress{Die Rücksendeadresse oben im Anschriftfenster}\signature{die gedruckte Unterschrift,über der man i.d.R. per Hand unterzeichnet}\Datum{ \today }\address{Name des Absenders \\ Straße \\ Postleitzahl und Ort des Absenders}%%%%%% Dies ist übrigens ein Befehl: \begin{letter}{Adresse}\begin{letter}{Anschriftfeld: Name \\ Straße \par PLZ-Ort}\opening{Anrede: Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren,}hier kommt der Text!\closing{Grußformel: Mit freundlichen Grüßen}\encl{Die Anlage}\end{letter}%%%\end{document}Publishing / LaTeX Slide 14LaTeX Beamer Class (I)LaTeX Beamer Class https://bitbucket.org/rivanvx/beamerPackage to create presentations to be held using aprojector.Was developed for a PhD presentation (2003).Is now the dominant latex package for presentations.http://www.tug.org/teTeX/tetex-texmfdist/doc/latex/beamer/beameruserguide.pdfAdvantages:Themes: change the whole appearance of yourpresentation with a single parameter.Easily usable overlays and dynamic effects.Highly configurable.Usually included in the LaTeX distribution.LaTeX / Beamer Slide 15Document:LaTeX Beamer Class (II)Sections and sub-sections (of pages)Frames ( ~ Slides )Components of a frame:Headline and FootlineLeft and right sidebarNavigation bar/symbolsLogoFrame titleBackgroundContentAspect ratio 4:3Characteristicsdeterminedby themeLaTeX / Beamer Slide 16Themes:LaTeX Beamer Class (III)Most are named after cities, usually because aconference was held there.Colors (“color theme”) can be changed independently.Some examples:LaTeX Beamer Class (IV)Our own style (corporate identity):\usetheme[footline=infoline,headline=secheader]{UPB}MadridCopenhagenAnnArborhttp://www.hartwork.org/beamer-theme-matrixLaTeX / Beamer Slide 17LaTeX / Beamer Slide 18

Useful global settingSectioning:LaTeX Beamer Class (V)Disable navigational symbols:\beamertemplatenavigationsymbolsempty\section[short]{long}\subsection[short]{long}Multiple columns: (vertical subdividing)\begin{columns}\column{.55\textwidth}\pgfimage[width=\textwidth]{image}\column{.45\textwidth}\begin{enumerate}\item First item\item Last item\end{enumerate}\end{columns}LaTeX / Beamer Slide 19LaTeX Beamer Class (VI)Mathematical environments:definition, lemma, theorem, proof\begin{theorem}[Pythagoras]$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$\end{theorem}\begin{proof}Trivial.\end{proof}LaTeX / Beamer Slide 20BlocksLaTeX Beamer Class (VII)A block of text with a heading.\begin{block}{title}text\end{block}\begin{exampleblock}{title}text\end{exampleblock}\begin{alertblock}{title}text\end{alertblock}Meta-InformationLaTeX Beamer Class (VIII)\title[short title]{long title}\subtitle[short subtitle]{long subtitle}\author[J. Smith]{James Smith}\institute[short]{Institute\\ University}\date[26.05.06]{26. Mai 2006}\titlegraphic{\includegraphics[width=2cm,height=2cm]{logo}}Needs file logo.eps/ps/pdf or have to\DeclareGraphicsExtension{...}\begin{document}\begin{frame}[t]\maketitle\end{frame}LaTeX / Beamer Slide 21LaTeX / Beamer Slide 22FramesOverlay-ActionsOptionsLaTeX Beamer Class (IX)\begin{frame}[Overlay-Actions][Options]{Title}{Subtitle}Content\end{frame}Successively build up a frame on several slides: Frame alignment: b(ottom), c(enter), t(op)plain: Don't show headline, footer, sidebarsqueeze: Shrink left and right bordersoptionallabel=name: Set a name for later referenceLaTeX / Beamer Slide 23LaTeX Beamer Class (X)Guidelines for designing frames:Start with a subtitle for your slide.Topics on frames should be self-consistent.Avoid long sentencesUse bullet points and numbered lists!Choose large text sizes.Guideline: ~ 10 lines per frame.Audience in the last row must read it, too.Avoid too many colors and different fonts and sizes.To support, not to distract.Don't use italics, use bold face or color to highlight.Use pictures to express complex concepts.LaTeX / Beamer Slide 24