by Trent A. Fisher and Werner Lemberg - The GNU Operating System

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ii The GNU Troff Manual 4.1.4 Miscellaneous macros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.1.5 Predefined strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4.1.6 Preprocessors in ‘man’ pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.1.7 Optional ‘man’ extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Custom headers and footers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Ultrix-specific man macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Simple example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.2 ‘mdoc’. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.3 ‘ms’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.3.1 Introduction to ‘ms’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.3.2 General structure of an ‘ms’ document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 4.3.3 Document control registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Margin Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Text Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Paragraph Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Footnote Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Miscellaneous Number Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4.3.4 Cover page macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 4.3.5 Body text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.3.5.1 Paragraphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.3.5.2 Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.3.5.3 Highlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.3.5.4 Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4.3.5.5 Indentation values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.3.5.6 Tab Stops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.3.5.7 Displays and keeps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.3.5.8 Tables, figures, equations, and references . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.3.5.9 An example multi-page table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.3.5.10 Footnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.3.6 Page layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.3.6.1 Headers and footers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 4.3.6.2 Margins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.3.6.3 Multiple columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.3.6.4 Creating a table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 4.3.6.5 Strings and Special Characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 4.3.7 Differences from AT&T ‘ms’. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 4.3.7.1 troff macros not appearing in groff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4.3.7.2 groff macros not appearing in AT&T troff . . . . . . . . . 56 4.3.8 Naming Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 4.4 ‘me’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.5 ‘mm’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5 gtroff Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1 Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1.1 Filling and Adjusting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1.2 Hyphenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1.3 Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 5.1.4 Tab Stops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.1.5 Implicit Line Breaks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 5.1.6 Input Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.1.7 Input Encodings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5.2 Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 5.2.1 Default Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.3 Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.4 Identifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 5.5 Embedded Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.5.1 Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.5.1.1 Request and Macro Arguments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5.5.2 Macros. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 5.5.3 Escapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 5.5.3.1 Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 5.6 Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.6.1 Setting Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 5.6.2 Interpolating Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.6.3 Auto-increment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.6.4 Assigning Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.6.5 Built-in Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.7 Manipulating Filling and Adjusting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 5.8 Manipulating Hyphenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 5.9 Manipulating Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 5.10 Tabs and Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 5.10.1 Leaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 5.10.2 Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 5.11 Character Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 5.12 Troff and Nroff Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.13 Line Layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 5.14 Line Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 5.15 Page Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 5.16 Page Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 5.17 Fonts and Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 5.17.1 Changing Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 5.17.2 Font Families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 5.17.3 Font Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 5.17.4 Using Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 5.17.5 Character Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 5.17.6 Special Fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 5.17.7 Artificial Fonts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 5.17.8 Ligatures and Kerning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 iii
Page 1 and 2: groff The GNU implementation of tro
Page 3: Table of Contents 1 Introduction. .
Page 7 and 8: 6.8 preconv . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1 Introdu
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1: Introduction 3 James Cla
Page 13: Chapter 1: Introduction 5 has postp
Page 16 and 17: 8 The GNU Troff Manual gtroff [ -ab
Page 18 and 19: 10 The GNU Troff Manual ‘-olist
Page 20 and 21: 12 The GNU Troff Manual ‘-X’ Pr
Page 22 and 23: 14 The GNU Troff Manual ‘roman’
Page 25 and 26: Chapter 3: Tutorial for Macro Users
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 23 4 Macr
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 25 is pos
Page 35 and 36: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 27 .SM [t
Page 37 and 38: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 29 \*[Tm]
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 31 .R Swi
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 33 4.3.3
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 35 \n[PD]
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 37 .RP [n
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 39 .QP [M
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 41 The HO
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 43 .nr st
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 4: Macro Packages 45 o Lawy
Page 55 and 56:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 47 .KS [M
Page 57 and 58:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 49 You ca
Page 59 and 60:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 51 ☛
Page 61 and 62:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 53 \*[Q]
Page 63 and 64:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 55 • Ma
Page 65:
Chapter 4: Macro Packages 57 4.4
Page 68 and 69:
60 The GNU Troff Manual gtroff does
Page 70 and 71:
62 The GNU Troff Manual Due to the
Page 72 and 73:
64 The GNU Troff Manual The logical
Page 74 and 75:
66 The GNU Troff Manual given. This
Page 76 and 77:
68 The GNU Troff Manual See Section
Page 78 and 79:
70 The GNU Troff Manual 5.5.3 Escap
Page 80 and 81:
72 The GNU Troff Manual \# [Escape]
Page 82 and 83:
74 The GNU Troff Manual \R’ident
Page 84 and 85:
76 The GNU Troff Manual .nr a 0 1 .
Page 86 and 87:
78 The GNU Troff Manual \n[seconds]
Page 88 and 89:
80 The GNU Troff Manual The fill mo
Page 90 and 91:
82 The GNU Troff Manual Contrary to
Page 92 and 93:
84 The GNU Troff Manual The hyphena
Page 94 and 95:
86 The GNU Troff Manual By default,
Page 96 and 97:
88 The GNU Troff Manual 5.9 Manipul
Page 98 and 99:
90 The GNU Troff Manual This is a t
Page 100 and 101:
92 The GNU Troff Manual .ds Z foo\t
Page 102 and 103:
94 The GNU Troff Manual This produc
Page 104 and 105:
96 The GNU Troff Manual sense! In a
Page 106 and 107:
98 The GNU Troff Manual It is even
Page 108 and 109:
100 The GNU Troff Manual -->| in ||
Page 110 and 111:
102 The GNU Troff Manual zero. ‘T
Page 112 and 113:
104 The GNU Troff Manual 5.15 Page
Page 114 and 115:
106 The GNU Troff Manual The read-w
Page 116 and 117:
108 The GNU Troff Manual with the f
Page 118 and 119:
110 The GNU Troff Manual spam, .fam
Page 120 and 121:
112 The GNU Troff Manual to mount a
Page 122 and 123:
114 The GNU Troff Manual man -Tdvi
Page 124 and 125:
116 The GNU Troff Manual .composite
Page 126 and 127:
118 The GNU Troff Manual 256 Prohib
Page 128 and 129:
120 The GNU Troff Manual You can al
Page 130 and 131:
122 The GNU Troff Manual .ul [lines
Page 132 and 133:
124 The GNU Troff Manual Track kern
Page 134 and 135:
126 The GNU Troff Manual 5.18 Sizes
Page 136 and 137:
128 The GNU Troff Manual The read-o
Page 138 and 139:
130 The GNU Troff Manual \s[+n] \s[
Page 140 and 141:
132 The GNU Troff Manual .de xxx a
Page 142 and 143:
134 The GNU Troff Manual .ds xxx ab
Page 144 and 145:
136 The GNU Troff Manual To compare
Page 146 and 147:
138 The GNU Troff Manual .ie t \{\
Page 148 and 149:
140 The GNU Troff Manual There can
Page 150 and 151:
142 The GNU Troff Manual .am P .ti
Page 152 and 153:
144 The GNU Troff Manual .de foo .
Page 154 and 155:
146 The GNU Troff Manual .de 2c-tra
Page 156 and 157:
148 The GNU Troff Manual \w’text
Page 158 and 159:
150 The GNU Troff Manual The option
Page 160 and 161:
152 The GNU Troff Manual solid whit
Page 162 and 163:
154 The GNU Troff Manual 5.24 Traps
Page 164 and 165:
156 The GNU Troff Manual .de a . no
Page 166 and 167:
158 The GNU Troff Manual Note that
Page 168 and 169:
160 The GNU Troff Manual happen. In
Page 170 and 171:
162 The GNU Troff Manual .tm .h==\n
Page 172 and 173:
164 The GNU Troff Manual .nr x 1 .n
Page 174 and 175:
166 The GNU Troff Manual the previo
Page 176 and 177:
168 The GNU Troff Manual 5.28 Color
Page 178 and 179:
170 The GNU Troff Manual This is .s
Page 180 and 181:
172 The GNU Troff Manual Trent A. F
Page 182 and 183:
174 The GNU Troff Manual .open idx
Page 184 and 185:
176 The GNU Troff Manual This test
Page 186 and 187:
178 The GNU Troff Manual very reaso
Page 188 and 189:
180 The GNU Troff Manual .tm string
Page 190 and 191:
182 The GNU Troff Manual .spreadwar
Page 192 and 193:
184 The GNU Troff Manual ‘ig’
Page 194 and 195:
186 The GNU Troff Manual .di x \\\\
Page 197 and 198:
Chapter 7: Output Devices 189 7 Out
Page 199 and 200:
Chapter 8: File formats 191 8 File
Page 201 and 202:
Chapter 8: File formats 193 argumen
Page 203 and 204:
Chapter 8: File formats 195 mr red
Page 205 and 206:
Chapter 8: File formats 197 DC d〈
Page 207 and 208:
Chapter 8: File formats 199 Dp h1 v
Page 209 and 210:
Chapter 8: File formats 201 xX anyt
Page 211 and 212:
Chapter 8: File formats 203 # ... t
Page 213 and 214:
Chapter 8: File formats 205 image_g
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 8: File formats 207 The res
Page 217:
Chapter 8: File formats 209 be 0. T
Page 221 and 222:
A: Copying This Manual 213 A Copyin
Page 223 and 224:
A: Copying This Manual 215 The “p
Page 225 and 226:
A: Copying This Manual 217 I. Prese
Page 227 and 228:
A: Copying This Manual 219 If the C
Page 229:
A: Copying This Manual 221 ADDENDUM
Page 232 and 233:
224 The GNU Troff Manual H hc . . .
Page 235:
C: Escape Index 227 C Escape Index
Page 239 and 240:
E: Register Index 231 E Register In
Page 241:
E: Register Index 233 U urx . . . .
Page 244 and 245:
236 The GNU Troff Manual IX [ms] .
Page 246 and 247:
238 The GNU Troff Manual L LF [ms]
Page 249:
I: Font File Keyword Index 241 I Fo
Page 253 and 254:
K: Concept Index 245 K Concept Inde
Page 255 and 256:
K: Concept Index 247 \H, allowed de
Page 257 and 258:
K: Concept Index 249 character, lea
Page 259 and 260:
K: Concept Index 251 diversions, an
Page 261 and 262:
K: Concept Index 253 fspecial reque
Page 263 and 264:
K: Concept Index 255 intermediate o
Page 265 and 266:
K: Concept Index 257 man macros, ta
Page 267 and 268:
K: Concept Index 259 output, troff
Page 269 and 270:
K: Concept Index 261 setting input
Page 271:
K: Concept Index 263 undefined iden
show all

by Trent A. Fisher and Werner Lemberg - The GNU Operating System

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?