Blood haematological and biochemical changes befor and after ...

Sc. Parasit., 2009, 1-2, 59-62Blood haematological and biochemical changes befor andafter treatment with Tolzan in bovine with chronicinfestation with Fasciola spp.Modificari hematologice si biochimice sanguine ante sipostterapeutic tratamentului cu tolzan la bovinele infestatecronic cu Fasciola spp.Gabriela Predescu, Cozma V.,University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases,3-5 Manastur Street, Cluj Napoca, RomaniaABSTRACTThe fasciolosis on adult bovines evoluate usually chronic or subclinic, but it has a very strongpharaclinic sign. The purpose of this work was monitoring of biochemical changes in the chronic infestationwith Fasciola hepatica before and after treatment with Tolzan, oral oxiclozanide suspension 3,4%concentration.In examinated samples of leucocytes and erythrocytes, before and after treatment with Tolzan, the values arein right levels for bovine species. The hemoglobin level is in normal parameters for bovines, even if the levelfalls down from 13,248 g/dl, before treatment, to 9,732 g/dl, after treatment. The level of liver enzymes GGTand PAL is in normal limits for bovine species(taken from the literature).In leucocytes formula, the lymphocytes, the neutrophils, the basophils and the monocyte are in normal limitsfor bovine species, but the values of eosinophilic are higher than normal values for bovine species, thisshows infestation with fasciolosis.Key words: haematology, biochemistry, fasciolosis, bovineIntroductionChronic fasciolosis is accompanied by weightloss, weakening, pallor of mucous membranes,anemia, ventral oedema, appetite changed, softstool consistency or diarrhea, stomach hypotonia,decreased milk production, and altering thequality of. Palpable liver area is increasedsignificantly(4). Evolution takes many months,the animals do not wake in terms ofsupplementary food(7). The incidence ofmorbidity is high in winter. The low infestationmay trail subclinical disease, in moderateinfestations clinical events is incomplete:weakening, anemia, diarrhea and decreased milksecretion.(1,2)Paraclinical is found increased serum globulins,transaminases, reduction in serum albumins, incalcium, magnesium, potassium. The cattle arefound to reduce the number of red blood cellsfrom 5.9 to 2,9 million / mm ³, a decrease inhemoglobin from 58.1 to 33.6%, and hematocritto 10-13%, eosinophils increase from 3.5% to18.0% increase alkaline phosphatase andgamaglobulins. Bovine subclinical forms showsincreased glutamate dehydrogenase, and gammaglutamyl transferase, which are indicators of acutehepatitis and chronic relapsinghepatofibrosis.(1,10)Material and methodsThe investigations were conducted duringDecember 2006-January 2007, in the Departmentof Parasitology, and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty ofVeterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, in cooperationwith the Jucu farm(Cluj) with a herd of 100cattle. The animals were divided into twoexperimental groups: group T (treated withTolzan, Oxiclozanid 3,4%) and M represented thecontrol group, untreated.It is collected a total of 20 blood samples fromcattle from the Jucu farm, in Tolzan group and inthe control group. Whole blood was collected toobtain serum and blood with anticoagulant, toassess the levels of hematological andbiochemical indices, tested by conventionallaboratory methods of exploration haematological.59

Sc. Parasit., 2009, 1-2, 59-62To make the leucocytes formula it is used Dia-Quik-Panoptic color. For the evaluation ofhaematological indices determination oferythrocytes was done through Turbidity method,hemoglobin determination by colorimetricmethod, and determination of total leukocytes wasperformed using Turk solution. The methods ofliver exploration. The methods of liverexploration included the determination of γ-glutamyltransferase activity using one reagent,and determination of alkaline phosphatase activityusing amethod with a single reagent. The resultswere interpreted in statistical terms using theMicrosoft Office Exel 2007.Results and discussionTo reflect the paraclinics changes occurring inbovine fasciolosis were performed serological andblood tests before and post-therapeutic after usingTolzan- Oxiclozanid 3,4%. The results obtained inthe two experimental groups are presented inTable 1:Table 1 – Blood and serological laboratory valuesBlood ComponentsLeucocitary formula (%)Liver enzymes (U/l)The values recordedbefore treatmentThe values recordedpost-treatmentTotal leucocyte(thousands/mm 3 )5335 5125Erythrocytes(million/mm 3 )7,556 4,669Hemoglobin(g/dl)13,248 9,732Lymphocytes 52,5 51,7Monocytes 4,5 1,9Eosinophils 16,7 13,5Neutrophil 24,8 29,3Basophils 0,1 0,2GGT 28,3 14,5PAL 96 76Following laboratory tests in group T beforetherapy total leukocyte values were5335(thousands/mm 3 ) and post-therapy are5125(thousands/mm 3 ). Values fall within thenormal bovine species(6), and before treatmentand after treatment differences obtained in groupT are not statistically significant(p>0,05).Erythrocyte values also were within normal limits(4,5). Pre therapeutic in T group values were7.556 million/mm³, and after treatment were 4.669million/mm³. Erythrocytes value are normal forbovine species(5,6). Differences between group Tbefore and after treatment are distinct statisticallysignificant (p

Sc. Parasit., 2009, 1-2, 59-62eosinophils in T group were 13.6 ± 8.708% andafter treatment were 13.5±6.974%. Increasednumber of eosinophils is actually an intolerancereaction of animal body, to the substancesdistributed through the parasites. It is noted thatlike the production of antibodies,hypereosinophilic reaction appears depending byterms of parasite contact with host tissues andtheir amplitudes responded. In generaleosinophilia reach the highest level during theinvasion of the body then diminishing during thelatency period. Ghergariu and colab.,2000,describe that eosinophilia is recorded forparasitism associated with hypersensitivityinduced by parasitic infestation. Antiparasiticmechanisms of eosinophilia place under theinfluence of signals from the extracellularenvironment. Eosinophils are mobilized andundergo transformation that increase performancefrom all points of view to be able to causeremoval of various substances that have inducedactivation. Hendrix C.M., 2003 describe that thereare 3 main ways in which eosinophilia acts on theparasite.• the mechanism of cytotoxicity cell mediatedAntibody-dependent, in this case eosinophilsmay be linked the target covered by variousimmunoglobulins;• eosinophils may be linked with the targetscovered by the C3b fragment of complement,it exacerbates binding functions, causingdamages the parasite membrane;• the interaction between IgE and eosinophils toobtain specific mediators, resulting inparasitic defense in two ways: localaccumulation of neutrophils and otherleukocytes, leukocyte activation and increasedtheir activity to damage parasites, and lastwould be action in the local tissue elements,intermediate local inflammation andproducing unfavorable conditions fordevelopment of parasites.Neutrophils and basophils values were withinnormal limits both pre and post therapeutic(4,5).Neutrophils number pre-therapeutic in the groupT were 24.8±9.097% and post-therapeutic29.3±11.602%(4,5). Differences between grouppre-treatment and post-treatment are statisticallyinsignificant (p>0.05). Neutrocitopenia is found inhepatosis, gastroenteritis, weaknesses.The values reported for the basophils pretherapeuticin the group T had value 0.1±0.3%and post-therapeutic 0.2±0.4%. Differencesbetween group pre-treatment and post-treatmentare statistically insignificant (p>0.05)GGT liver enzyme values in group T fall withinnormal limits for bovine species (8). Mean GGTvalue, before treatment are 23.8 U / L and aftertreatment 14, 5 U / L. Differences between antetreatmentand post-treatment group arestatistically significantly different(p

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