31 Days Before Your CCNA Exam

388 forward explicit congestion notification (FECN), Frame Relayforward explicit congestion notification(FECN), Frame Relay, 339forwarding, frame forwarding, 45asymmetric switching, 46Layer 2 switching, 46Layer 3 switching, 46memory buffering, 46switch forwarding methods, 45symmetric switching, 46FRAD (Frame Relay Access Devices), 337frame format, PPP, 331-332frame forwarding, 45-46Frame Relay, 16, 337backward explicity congestion notification(BECN), 339committed information rate (CIR), 339components of, 338-339configuring, 344full mesh with one subnet, 344-347hub-and-spoke topology, 356, 360-362partial mesh with one subnet per PVC,347-348configuring and verifying, 343data-link connection identifier (DLCI), 338DCE, 337DTE, 337forward explicit congestion notification(FECN), 339Inverse Address Resolution Protocol(ARP), 339Inverse ARP, 341-343LMI, 341-343local access rate, 338Local Management Interface (LMI), 339NBMA (nonbroadcast multi-access), 340packet-switched connections, WAN, 317permanent virtual circuit (PVC), 338switched virtual circuit (SVC), 338topologies, 339verifying, 348virtual circuit (VC), 338Frame Relay Access Devices (FRAD), 337frame-relay interface-dlci command, 348framing, Ethernet, 39Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum(FHSS), 255FS (Feasible Successor), 223FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 15full-mesh topology, Frame Relay, 339GGigabit Ethernet, 37global unicast addresses, IPv6, 140-141GUI (graphical user interface), 162, 261Hhackers, 257, 267hardware threats, 271hashes, VPNs, 324-325HDLCconfiguring, 330encapsulation, 329-330verifying, 331HDLC (High-Level Data LinkControl), 329header formats, IPv4 addressing, 109-110hello intervals and hold timesmodifying (EIGRP), 220-221modifying (OSPF), 238-239Hello packetsEIGRP, 213OSPF, 228neighbor adjacency, 228-229help facilities, Cisco IOS, 48hierarchical network models, 9High-Level Data Link Control(HDLC), 329HIPS (host-based intrusionprevention), 273history of commands, Cisco IOS, 49-50HMAC (hashed message authenticationcode), 324-325hold-down timers, preventing routingloops, 155host and server security, mitigationtechniques, 273host ranges, subnetting, 114host-based intrusion prevention(HIPS), 273HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 15HTTP request, 21HTTP response, 21hub-and-spoke configuration, FrameRelay, 340