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The need to mitigate the risk of transmission of FMD from buffalo to cattle as well as via cattle from countries where it is not well controlled is evident and will be discussed in detail in another report. The estimated relative importance of the selected diseases is summarised in Table 3. Table 3 Estimated relative conservation, socio-­‐economic and/or zoonotic importance of the selected diseases for KAZA TFCA Disease Relative importance Motivation High Medium Low Anthrax X No events of concern reported but potential exists for human infection Bluetongue X No events of concern reported FMD X Impact on trade Rabies X Fatal zoonosis; threat to wildlife RVF X Increased activity in region Trypanosomosis X Differing levels of tsetse control Brucellosis X Zoonosis; potential for buffalo reservoir BTB X Lack of information, potential threat to wildlife, zoonosis CBPP X Merging of infected/uninfected countries LSD X Widespread, endemic MCF X Individual animals affected Theileriosis X ECF a possible threat to cattle in Botswana and Namibia PPR X 2 Known infected areas far from TFCA AHS X Low horse population ASF X Low pig population AI H5, H7 X Has only affected farmed ostriches in two SADC countries ND X Widespread, endemic Canine distemper X Threat to wildlife but seroconversion reported in Okavango delta The highest number of outbreaks reported as exceptional events to OIE from 2005 – 2011 concerned FMD (20 reports), RVF (7 reports) and ASF (6 reports) (Appendix 1 Tables 21,22). FMD was reported by all countries except Tanzania, RVF was reported by Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Tanzania, and ASF by Namibia, Zambia and Tanzania. CONCLUSIONS • Published information on the selected diseases including major TADs is incomplete for most countries in the study. • Reporting on FMD by some countries in the region (for example Botswana and Namibia) has been timely and accurate and appears to provide a true reflection of the situation, an 2 This status may change as the disease is showing a marked capacity for spread but no changes are reflected in the official disease reports. 39