Number 4 - Geological Curators Group

THE GEOLOGICAL CURATORVOLUME 4, N0.4CONTENTSCONTENTS ...........................................................EDITORIAL ...........................................................THE tTHUMBS-UPt CAMPAIGN by T. Besterman . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .QUARRYING AND FOSSIL COLLECTING IN THE POSIDONIENSCHIEFER(UPPER LIASSIC) AROUND HOLZMADEN, GERMANY by T. Xeller . . . .LETTERS TO THE EDITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ..A COMPUTER-GENERATED LIST OF COLLECTORS, DONORS ANDVENDORS OF SPECIMENS IN THE SEDGWICK MUSEUM by D. -ice . . .MAKING LATEX PEELS OF SOILS AND SOFT SEDIMENTS by M. WarrenNOW AND THEN (NEW SERIES)NO.l. SPARTH BOTTOMS, ROCHDALE, LANCASHIRE by A. Howell .THE END OF A GEOLOGICAL ERA AT BRISTOL by S. Swansborough . . .GEOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND THE NATURE CONSERVANCYCOUNCIL by G. Black .............................................THE NATIONAL SCHEME FOR GEOLOGICAL SITE DOCUMENTATIONby M.F. Stanley ....................................................LOST AND FOUND compiled by M.D. Crane and H.S. Torrens . . . . . . . . . .BOOK REVIEWS .......................................................NOTES AND NEWS compiled by T. Cross and P.R. Crowther . . . . . . . . , . .LIST OF GCG MEMBERS 1985 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .GEOLOGICAL CURATORS ' GROUPOctober 1985

During a long forgotten discussion aboutprogress with Guidelines, towards the end ofa marathon meeting of GCG Committee, an ideawas born which has since blossomed into the'Thumbs-Up' campaign - officially launchedwith this issue of the Geological Curator.The initial thinking behind the campaign wass,t out by Tristram Besterman (Plymouth CityXuseum and Art Gallery) in his discussiondocument circulated for the 1984 AGM inDecember at the National Museum of Wales,Cardiff. He explains further what thecampaign seeks to achieve on p. 189 , and wehave also included an all purpose pressrelease suitable for tailoring to localcircumstances as necessary.The 'Thumbs-Up' campaign seeks to encourageuse by the public of those museums capable ofproviding an all round geological serviceand, through the use of the 'Thumbs-Up'dinosaur logo, will enable such museums to bereadily identified. Robertson ResearchInternational Ltd have generously agreed tosponsor the first campaign leaflet 'Rocks,fossils and minerals ', for which the Group isvery grateful. Qualifying museums shouldorder their 'Thumbs-Up' signs immediately andany museum or individual can obtain copies ofthe leaflet from the Editor (see p. 190 ).Following an encouraging initial reaction itis hoped to feature the campaign on BBC TV inthe not too distant future. Memberscomments, suggestions, ideas for furtherleaflets in the series etc. will be mostwelcome and can be passed on to themembership via the pages of the GeologicalW.Guidelines is out! Read no further beforewinging off your order form (enclosed) to theGeological Society of London; copies withthe purpose designed loose-leaf binder arestrictly limited in number - so do it now!This issue also sees the inauguration of anew series under the title 'Then and Now'.Alan Howell (Bolton Museum) explains thethinking behind the series and gets it off toa good start with the unique source of UpperCarboniferous arthropods at Sparth Bottoms,Rochdale. 'Then and Now' is essentially a~icture series, utilising the tried andiested appeal of photographs to contrast theoriginal state of a historically significantsite with its present condition. Manymuseums will have suitable period photographsin their site files capable of being matchedwith an up-to-date equivalent. SparthBottoms shows how great the contrast can be!I look forward to receiving furthercontributions for this series.Following the extended editorial in Vo1.4,No.3 about the state and status of geologywithin the Nature Conservancy Council, GeorgeBlack responds in this issue with his ownfears concerning the effects on geologicalconservation of the recent legislation and~olicv statements under which the NCC nowoprmtcs. 'l'hc possil~lc i'nmifications of overzeiilotls nolificntion of l'l)Os (Potct~tinlly1)anltrcinc 01)crarions) hv the Colincil lo theowners of gkological SS~IS will be ofparticular concern to museum geologists.Michael Crane's impending departure fromBristol Museum (see p. 216 means anothertransfer of responsibility for the 'Lost andFound' column. Mike's term as compiler hasbeen all too brief. We thank him for hisjoint work with Hugh Torrens over the lastyear and wish him well with his newresponsibilities. Your Committee decided atits January meeting that the Recorder's remitshould in future include joint responsibility(with Hugh Torrens) for 'Lost and Found'.Don Steward, our current Recorder, has kindlyagreed to compile future columns.Look out for another new series in the nextissue, dealing with 'forgotten' pioneers ofgeological curation under the title'Uncurated Curators' - another brainchild ofHugh Torrens. The first two contributionswill deal with George Fleming Richardson,1796-1848 (Gideon Mantell's curator) by HughTorrens and John Cooper,and Tom Sheppard(Curator of Hull City Museums) by MickStanley. Who's next?Peter R. CrowtherEditor, Geological Curators' Gmup15 September 1985

Geological Curator, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1985, pp. 189-192THE 'THUMBS UP' CAMPAIGNBY TRISTRAM BESTERMAN'Yes, but there are no votes in fossils,'cried Iny curatorin1 collengl~c, voice ringingwith that quality of authority and confidcnccwhich only ycars of unfettered connoissourshipcan bestow. The scene: the AnnualConference of the Museums Association. Thetime: the debate following Phil Doughty'sand Geoff Hancock's papers on the plight ofnatural science collections in 1980.The logic behind the utterance of my fellowdelegate ran something like this. The artmarket - in which all our larger publicmuseums play an important role - is one inwhich many millions of pounds change handsevery year. Collections of fine art aretherefore perceived to be worth a lot ofmoney, so a lot of money is attracted fortheir maintenance and for more 'priceless'acquisitions. The big money brings power andprestige for the museum and its controllingauthority - which all adds up to votes in thecouncil chamber.Ah yes, but where does this leave yer averagepunters and their votes in the pollingstation? Are they really more turned on bythe knowledge that their local museum in thenorth of England is raising $2.4 million toacquire an early Italian Renaissance paintingthan they are by the fact that the museumtold an eager youngster all about thosefossils found on holiday in Whitby?No criticism whatever is implied of ourarts-based colleagues: I am second to nonein my admiration and appreciation of whatthey achieve. If anything. I am envious oftheir success in attracting the level offunding so desperately needed for museumactivities outside the arts (and let it notbe forgotten that our 'heritage minister' -with responsibility for all that goes on inmuseums - is called the Minister for theArts). My concern is that the extraordinarydisparity in spending by museums between theArts and the Sciences is not a truereflection of public interest. From here itis only a short step to recognise the need toraise the public profile of geology inmuseums to the level enjoyed by the arts.It's all a matter of image, really - so whyshouldn't we work on ours a bit?And thus was the 'Thumbs-Up' campaignconceived. There is only one geologicalimage that has an almost sure-fire universalappeal: the dinosaur. The only choiceinvolved was - what kind? It had to beBritish, which reduced the options, and theanthropomorphic gesture of Iguanodon's'thumb' hone suggested the rest.There are two tactical strands to the initialphase of the campaign (see Geological Curator4 (2). Minutes of 11th AGM. Item 6 0.90 anditem l2 p.93). First there is a ~eaflktdesigned for the geological tyro. It is A4size, folded twice so that it fits easily inthe pocket. Called 'Rocks, Fossils andMinerals' the leaflet is subtitled 'How tomake the best of your collection' and deals,cartoon-style, with elementary advice on thedo's and dont's of field collecting andrecording; how to develop material at home;keeping a simple catalogue; and how to findout more. At every stage the role of thelocal museum as a source of information andadvice is stressed. The back of the leafletcarries a list of museums which provide somelevel of geological service, on a two-tierrating system. Those on the first tierprovide displays, reference collections, anidentification service and employ a qualifiedgeologist on the staff, plus, in some cases,a geological localities record centre.Museums in the second tier also provide theseservices but, crucially, do not employ aqualified geological curator.This links directly with the second elementof the campaign, namely the use of the'Thnmbs'Up' logo as a symbol of'accreditation' by the GCG for a museum inthe first tier described above. This hasbeen produced as a sticker to be mounted onthe glass entrance doors of all the firsttier museums on the leaflet list. Theleaflet reproduces this symbol and remindsthe user 'to look for museums with the'Thumbs-Up' sign for geological services.'It is intended that these represent merelythe opening shots in the campaign. I hopethat colleagues will come forward withsuggestions for future leaflets and otherpromotional material.My particular thanks must go to PeterCrowther for the marvellous job he's done oftidying up and refining the leaflet, and forarranging printing of the leaflet andsticker; thanks also to Alan Birdsall of theDesign Section of Leicestershire MuseumsService for 'professionalising' the logo.Leicester are also to be credited withbringing the campaign to the attention ofBBC's 'Blue Peter'. who have. at the time ofwriting, expressed interest in featuring thelaunch in a future edition of the programme.Meanwhile, let us hope that we can begin toget some public recognition for the fact thatthere votes in fossils!Tristram BestermanPlymouth Museums R Art GalleryDrake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AJTypescript received 7 August 1985

'TEXT FOR PRESS RELEASEWe hope that all museum geologists willpromote the aims of the 'Thumbs-Up' Campaignvia their local media. What follows ismerely suggested text and no doubt could beimproved and tailored to local circumstances:DINOSAUR DEBUT!This is the dinosaur Iguanodon which browsedon the lush vegetation of what is nowsouth-east England, about 130 million yearsago. Its remains, along with many commonerfossils, minerals and rocks from all overBritain and abroad, continue to fascinatepeople of all ages. First there is theexcitement of discovery. Then come all thequestions - What is it? How old is it? Howcan 1 preserve it? How can 1 find more aboutit? Where can I find more? The answers tothese questions - and many more besides -will be found inside your local museum.'Will', that is, if it is sporting the'Thumbs-Up' sign of geological service on itsfront door.A list of museums eligible to display the'Thumbs-Up' sign is printed on theaccompanying leaflet 'Rocks, Fossils andMinerals - how to make the best of yourcollection' (available from these and othermuseums). A local family intending toholiday almost mywhere in Britain can plan avisit to the nearest listed museum to findout the best places to collect. They canthen either return there to use the displays,publications or staff to identify theirfinds, or use another listed museum nearerhome for this purpose after their holiday isover.The leaflet also explains some of the 'dosand don'ts' of collecting, preparing,recording and caring for geological finds, aswell as giving hints to the beginner on howto discover more about what he's found - allrelated to the friendly help and servicegiven by the local museum.The 'Thumbs-Up' image and a planned series ofpublications are designed to increase publicawareness of the resources deployed in ournetwork of museums, specifically to fosterthe establishment and growing generalinterest in the story of Britain's rocks.For many people it's a story that puzzles asmuch as it fascinates - and this is where thelocal museum comes in, to unravel the puzzleand to fuel the enthusiasm!Please contact your friendly local geologicalcurator to find out more about the servicesoffered:The 'Thumbs-Up' promotion for geologicalservices in museums is a continuing campaign,launched in October 1985. Your support willbe gratefully appreciated.Tristram Besterman and Peter CrowtherThumbs-Up Campaign Co-ordinatorsc/o Leicestershire Museums Service96 New Walk, Leicester LE1 6TDROCKS FOSSILSand MINERALSHow to make the bestof your collection.A Thumbs-up guide forthe young enthusiast.I Published by the U.K.Geolopica1 CuratorslGroup.Front of 'Thumbs-Up' campaign leaflet 'Rocks,fossils and minerals'.HOW TO JOIN IN THE CAMPAIGNLeaflets. All museums are welcome todistribute leaflets. Thanks to the generosityof Robertson Research International Ltd,we can su~~ly-.- up - to 200 leaflets Der museumfor postage costs only. Reprinting isexpected.Window sticker. These colourful 250xl80mmstickers are printed on self adhesive vinyland are ideal for fixins to, for example, theglass entrance doors of a muse~~m.Only museums which employ a qual~fiedgeological curator are entitled to displaythe sticker (marked with an * on campaignleaflets). Stickers cost El each - multipleorders are welcome?Send or telephone your orders for leafletsand stickers to Peter Crowther (addressleft ) as soon as possible.

'Thumbs-Up' campaign leaflet 'Rocks, fossils and minerals'.'Thumbs-Up' sign are distinguished by an *.Museums qualified to display the-191-

fThe ((THUMBS UP"si.gnofGEOLOGICAL SERVICE (in this museum'Thumbs-Up' campaign window/glass-door sticker, actual size. The stickers are printed in black, white,green and brown and cost El each to qualifying museums.

Geological Curator, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1985, pp. 193-198QUARRYING AND FOSSIL COLLECTING IN THEPOSIDONIENSCHIEFER (UPPER LIASSIC)AROUND HOLZMADEN, GERMANYBY THOMAS KELLERHISTORICAL BACKGROUNDThe shales of the Posidonienschiefer havebeen quarried for many centuries in a smalldistrict which includes the villages ofHolzmaden, Ohmden, Zell, and Boll, at thefoot of the Swabian Alb in south-west Germany(Federal Republic Land of Baden-Wurttemberg)(Fig.1). The Posidonienschiefer is a dark,bituminous Upper Liassic shale whichalternates with marls and thin limestonelayers. In 1843 the Tubingen geologist F.A.Quenstedt classified the Lower Jurassic ofsouth Germany on a mainly lithological basis,using the Greek letters d (alpha) to 3 (zeta)to denote the subdivisions (Urlichs 1977,p.2). The Posidonienschiefer has since alsobeen known as the Lias Epsilon. Shortlyafterwards Oppel erected a similar schemebased on ammonite zonation.By the early nineteenth century thePosidonienschiefer was already well known asa remarkably rich source of fossils. Indeed,the first descriptions of fossils go back toBauhin (1599) on ammonites and Hiemer (1724)on crinoids; the oldest surviving Swabianichthyosaur was found near Boll in 1749(Scheuchzer 1708 had been the first todescribe a south German ichthyosaur). Forthe third edition of Recherches mrossemens fossiles, Georges Cuvier (1825)could already draw upon a wide range ofHolzmaden fossils.The industrial exploitation of the Swabianoil shale has had a varied history. Bauhin(1599) spoke of the black-roofed villages ofthe area, yet for the last two hundred yearsthe rock has been quarried mainly as a stonefor interior architecture. Since about themiddle of the nineteenth century manyattempts have also been made to extract oiland gas, as well as to manufacture cementfrom the rock; this industry led to theopening up of other, more distant localitiesin the foothills of the Swabian Alb, e.g.Dotternhausen, Reutlingen, and Frommern inSouth Wurttemberg. These attempts, however,were generally not very profitable and Ishall not consider them further in this paper.The quarrying is concerned mainly with the'Fleins', a single bed within thePosidonienschiefer, near the base of theMiddle Epsilon. The Fleins at Holzmaden isalmost 18cm thick, and is recognizable by itscharacteristic undisturbed finestratification, and by the regularity andpersistence of jointing (both primary andsecondary). The secondary joints cross atabout right angles or obliquely so, whenquarried, the rock breaks into more or lessrectangular slabs - a great advantage. TheFleins can be split again by the quarrymaninto several thinner slabs and furtherprocessed. The technical characteristics ofFig.1. The Swabian Alb in the Holzmaden area. The shale quarries lie in the higher ground of thisdistrict. In the background the Alb is formed of marls and limestone of the Middle and UpperJurassic.

the Fleins are unsurpassed by other layers inthe Posidonienschiefer. The Pleins is sovaluable that in each quarry the extractionof each slab is recorded on a plan.The overburden above the Fleins has to bestripped off and transported to the quarrydump. Usually the soil, a thin layer of theJurensismergel (Lias Zeta), and all the Upperand most of the Middle Epsilon have to beremoved. The depth depends on the degree oferosion found at each locality but, inunfavourable cases, there may be up to 6m ofoverburden. After the Fleins is removed, theunderlying shale strata ('Hainzen' and'Koblenzer') act as a working floor for thequarry. Below these lie the beds of theLower Epsilon, which is thinner and mainlymarly; it does include a bed of high qualitystone, the 'Tafelfleins', which is less welljointed than the Fleins and was previouslycommonly exploited. It is now little used.From the waste material certain limestonebeds are sometimes used as building stone andthin shale slabs for roadstone. Near Ball asmall enterprise is still operating, sellingpowdered shale to the pharmaceutical industry.In some Holzmaden quarries, right up to the1960s, it was still possible to see theextraction methods of the nineteenth centuryin use. The stone was almost wholly won outby sheer muscular effort, using the'Reuthaue' (a stone mattock, Fig.2) andshovel. Today machines are used (especiallyexcavators and bulldozers) for both removingFig.2.Quarrying the shale by hand with theReuthaue (slate mattock) afterloosening by blasting. Quarry of J.Fischer, Ohmden, 1968.overburden (Fig.3) and extracting the Fleins(Fig.4). As I discuss later, however, theuse of machinery is restricted by law. Thethin, slabby shale of the Upper Epsilon, inwhich thicker limestone beds do not occur, isexcavated by digging vertically to thebedding - as with the Oxford Clay nearPeterborough - so that the vertical face is~ushed back. This makes it imoossible torecognize and extract larger fossils.Controlled blasting is less haphazard and isused to loosen the compact, thick layeredshale beds (Fig.5); it generally leavesFig.3. The Upper and Middle Epsilon in the quarry of J. Fischer, Zell, 1976. The excavator isremoving this overburden.-194-

Fig.4. Extracting the valuable slabs of theFleins with a crane on an excavator.Quarry of J. Fischer, Zen, 1977.~ig. 6. Large ammonites, Lvtoceras cornucopiaYoung and Bird, 1822, in the UntererSchiefer. Quarry of J. Fischer, Ohmden,which different levels are excavated indifferent parts of the quarry, so creatingseveral terraces about 50m long and 5m wide.Reclamation by infilling with overburden isstill practised.Fig.5.Boring a blasting hole in the UnterenSchiefer, just above the Fleins, in thequarry of J. Fischer, Ohmden, 1968.Blasting loosens the rock beforeextraction.fossils unharmed (Fig.61, except whenblasting holes pass near or directly throughthem. The thick layered, tough, partlycalcified shale, and the limestone layers ofthe Middle Epsilon, cannot and should not heexcavated by machinery, which is used only toloosen the rock formation.With this change in quarrying methods hascome a change in quarry shape. Previously,excavations of 5m by 8m were usual, and werecreated by 'mobile quarrying', where thewaste material was removed to infill the rearof the quarry as the working face was pushedforward. The quarry thus remained the samesize but moved slowly along. In 1920 therewere about thirty of these small quarries inthe region of Holzmaden, Ohmden, and Zell(Hauff 1921). Today only a few hut muchlarger quarries remain; for example, onenear Zell is 250111 long by 60m wide, withinThe quarrying industry has also undergonechanges in its commercial practices and beenrationalized. A few decades ago it was stillnormal for the owners of arable land to carryon their own quarrying where shale of goodquality occurred at a moderate depth. Today,however, there is intense competition betweenthe few remaining Holzmaden quarrying firms.Moreover, the demand for and use ofPosidonienschiefer stone has been muchreduced with the import of cheaper marblefrom abroad and the use of synthetic stone.Manv traditional commercial stone industriesin Germany have suffered a similar fate,including the lithographic limestone ofFOSSIL COLLECTINGLarge fossils (Figs.8, 9) are oftenrecognized in the quarry, either when therock layers bulge upwards over the fossil orwhen breakage of the rock renders it visibleon the transverse fracture. The matrix ofmarl, bituminous marly shale, or limestone,and the condition of preservation in eachtype determine whether it is worth excavatingand preparing the fossil.

Fig.7.A large group of crinoids, Seirocrinus subangularis (Miller, 1821) on a driftwood tree trunk.This group, measuring 18 X 6m, comes from the Fleins. Museum Hauff, IIolzmaden.The recovery of an ichthyosaur presents noproblem to experienced workmen. Recentexperience, however, shows that fewer fossilshave been spotted in time for recovery sincethe introduction of machinery - even whenquarrying is still done partly by hand -because of the greater speed of work. Anexample of this happened a few years ago whena large and well-preserved plesiosaur was notnoticed until all the component slabs were onthe rubbish heap; one of two smallpleurosaur specimens found in the 1970s wasalso found in the waste material.Quarrying the shale using nineteenth centurymethods would soon become unprofitable for amodern firm, although it would be ideal forpalaeontologists. The law, however,restricts the use of machinery in fossiliferousareas and is effective when it isobserved by the quarrying firm and whentrained workers are employed continually tosupervise the work. The Staatliches Museumfiir Naturkunde at Stuttgart (State Museum forNatural History) understandably lacks bothpersonnel and funds to supervise continuallythe present day firms, of which there are atleast four. On the other hand, theoccurrence of fossils is itself an additionalincentive for these firms. Examples notprotected by law can be sold for additionalincome; large ammonites are in demand foruse as insertions in wall facings of shale.Some Holzmaden firms maintain their ownpreparation workshops which produce qualitywork of high value. Preparation techniquesfor Holzmaden material have been described byLorcher and Keller (1985).PROTECTIVE MEASURESIn the case of rare fossils worthy ofprotection, those from the Posidonienschieferfall under the Law for the Protection ofCultural Monuments ('Gesetz zum Schutz derKulturdenkmale', also knowq in short as the'Denkmalschutzgesetz'), enacted in 1971.Fossils worthy of protection thus have thestatus of 'moveable ground monuments'('bewegliche Bodendenkmale'). Wild (1983)gives more details. The importance, andtherefore need for protection, of a fossil isnot at all easy to determine precisely forlarge, unprepared specimens likeichthyosaurs. Ichthyosaurs (Figs.9, 10) arestatistically relatively common fossils butare scarcer in some strata than others.Certain genera and species are rare andrepresented to date by only a few specimens,while specimens of even the commonest speciescan become outstanding by virtue of specialbiological features such as the presence ofembryos or young being born, preservation ofsoft parts such as fins, or unusual positionsof burial.

Fig.8.Head Preparator 0. Fischer(l92O-1983) at work freeing the crinoidsSeirocrinus subangularis (Miller, 1821)in Fig.1 from the matrix. Workshop ofB. Hauff, Holzmaden, 1968.The finder of protected fossils is legallyobliged to report his find to an officialsuch as a member of staff at the StaatlichesMuseum fiir Naturkunde in Stuttgart, which isresponsible for Wurttemberg. The area aroundHolzmaden has been designated a 'orotectedexcavation area' ('~rahun-gsschutz~ehiet') bya 1919 regulation of the District Council ofStuttgart based on the Law for the Protectionof Cultural Monuments. Within this area themachiue-quarrying of shale is restricted, andany house, street, and road constructionwhich encroaches upon the shale must first heapproved by the Monument Office of the Land(Landesdenkmalamt) (Wild 1983). Recovery offossils within the protected excavation areais usually carried out under the supervisionof qualified personnel and firms. This isnecessary because each find involves aconsiderable expenditure of money, and tominimise any interruption of the quarryingwork. This requires close contact betweenthe quarrying firm and the Museum (asrepresentative of the Monument Office of theLand).The ownership of the recovered, protectedfossils devolves upon the Land of Baden-Wiirttemberg. However, the Land pays a rewardfor finding each specimen, as well ascompensation for the work of recovery andpreparation.Ilndouhtndly thcro is n proportio~~ of~lndeteotcrl crime in thc llolemrtden area,Fig.9.A, an unprepared ichthyosaur, a smallStenopterygius 77cm long, in an alreadytrimmed slab from the Fleins; the tipof the snout and the vertebral columnare visible as slight bulges diagonallyto the slab borders. B, the sameichthyosaur after preparation; thespecimen has been exposed from theunderside of the slab and showspreserved soft parts. Workshop of J.Fischer, Holzmaden, 1910/1911.whether through larceny by finding andkeeping, or by outright theft of fossils.However, the close cooperation between Landofficials, the Museum, and the quarryingfirms is evident from the great number ofexcellent and rare fossils which have beenrecovered, prepared, and made public by theirjoint efforts over the last decades.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am very grateful to Mr A.C. Benton fortranslating this paper, and to Dr M.J. Bentonfor help with specialist terms.REFERENCESHauff, B. 1921. Untersuchung derFossilfundstatten von Holzmaden imPosidonienschiefer des Oberen LiasWiirttembergs. Palaeontographica, 64,1-42.

Lorcher, F. and Keller, T. 1985. Preparation Wild, R. 1983. Fossilien als Kulturdenkmale.techniques for material from theMuseumsmagazin aus Museen undPosidonienschiefer (Lias Epsilon, Upper Sammlungen in Baden-Wiirttemberg, 1,Liassic) of Germany. Geol. Cur. 4, 7-13. [A translation of this article164-168. will appear in Geol. Curator 4(5) underQuenstedt, P.A. 1843. Flozcebirge the title 'The protection of fossils asWurttembercs besonderer Rucksicht 'cultural monuments' in the Federal--- auf den Jura. Laupp, Tiibingen.Republic of Germany'. lUrlichs, M. 1977. The Lower Jurassic insouthwestern Germany. StuttgarterBeitr. Naturk. (B), 24, 1-41.--Thomas KellerPalaoanthroo. Abt.~orschun~sinstitui SenckenbergSenckenberganlage 256000 ~rankfurt 1West GermanyTranslation received from M.A. Taylor29 August 1984.LETTERS TO THE EDITORDear Editor,With respect to the 'labyrinthodont'amphibian which formed the subject of Dor6and Wandas' recent paper (1985. m.Curator 4, 169-171). I can add that thespecimen was included in a paper by Dr AlecPanchen in 1959 (Phil. Trans. ROT. Soc. 242,207-291). He published a photograph of thehead of the Bear Island fossil (Fig.191, andconcluded that it belonged to the genusPlagiosternum. A reconstruction of the skullof Plagiosternum based upon that of the BearIsland specimen was also included(Fig.16e-f). A photograph of the completespecimen resides on the wall in my office.Sample fragments, according to Panchen'spaper, were collected in 1948 and are now inNorway. We have none here in the Museum ofZoology, but we do have a little material of- P. granulosum from the type site inCreilsheim. We also have the material ofPeltobatrachns described bypanchen.Yours sincerely,Dr Jennifer A. ClackAssistant CuratorUniversity Museum of ZoologyDowning Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJDear Editor,I concur with Patrick Boylan (GeologicalCurator, 4(2), 103) that it was good to seePaul Edwards' paper on the geologicalcollections of Kingston upon Hull Museums inVo1.4. No.1. However, as the 'past SeniorKeeper' who researched the lost collections,I offer a correction.Christine Edwards (n6e Castle) did indeedcommence the comprehensive cataloguing of thegeological collections in 1979 but supervisedby Michael Boyd under my direction. In fact,the whole of the Natural Science collectionswere then being catalogued. I had introducedMDA to Hull Museums in order to catalogue theentire collections, mainly using STEPpersonnel.At the same time 1 began a thorough search ofcommittee minutes, Hull Museum Publicationsand printed catalogues of both the publicmuseum (1898 - present) and its predecessorThe Iiull Literary and Philosophical SocietyMuseum (1822-1898) to try to locate the lostcollections. This exercise proved immenselyrewarding as witnessed by Edwards' article,but my notes appear to be'more complete thanthose presently held by the Natural EistoryDepartment. The full information is reallytoo long to reproduce here but it is myintention to include it when I curate thatfamous 'uncurated' curator Tom Sheppard ofHull Museums (1901-1941) in these pages haplynext yearYours sincerely,Michael F. StanleyDeputy County Museums OfficerDerbyshire Museums ServiceJohn Turner HouseParkway, Darley DaleMatlock, Derbs. DE4 2FW

Geological Curator, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1985, pp. 199-208A COMPUTER-GENERATED LIST OFCOLLECTORS, DONORS AND VENDORSOF SPECIMENS IN THE SEDGWICK MUSEUMBY DAVlD PRICEThe manual system of specimen documentationwhich existed in the Sedgwick Museum untilAugust 1983 never included any sort of indexof collectors or donors. This list istherefore the first of its kind for theSedgwick Museum. It has been generated usingthe information retrieval (IR) facilities ofthe museum's sophisticated computer-basedcataloguing system. These facilities havebeen described by Porter (1983) and thecomputer-based system as a whole has beenreviewed by the present author (Price 1984,1985).Each record in the museum's machine readablecatalogue is broken down into a large numberof tagged data-fields arranged in a complexhierarchical structure. Only the terminaldata-fields of this structure (the basicdata-fields as distinct from the group fieldsnearer the origin) contain actual data andare either keyword fields containingessential data, or detail fields containingdata elaborating the keywords. Within thecomputer-based system the keywords inselected keyword fields are used to automaticallygenerate terms in an index (the IRterm-index) upon which information retrievalis based.Most records in the machine-readablecatalogue include a data-field (*pers) withinthe collection statement field (*CS)containing the name of a collector or,failing that, a comparable field (*pers)within the ownership history field (*oh)containing the name of a donor or vendor.Some records have both. (In all cases thenames may be those of organisations orinstitutions rather than individuals). These*per?. fields in the *CS or *oh fields of eachrecord automatically generate 'donor' termsin the IR term-index. Such terms areprefaced by the upper case letter 'D' (toshow that they are 'donor' terms) and eachcomprises a string of up to twenty-threelower case letters with commas or stops butwithout spaces. Records of specimenscollected or presented by O.T. Jones thusgenerate the donor term 'Djones.o.t.'To produce the list below the system wasasked to generate a list of all donor termswithin its current term-index, using thesimilar-term facility described by Price(1985, p.50). This list was then carefullyedited to restore donor names to normalorthography and to eliminate any variants ofa particular name (e.g. Cowper Reed, F.R. forReed, F.R.C. or McKenny Hughes. T. forHughes, T. McKenny). No attempt has beenmade to give correct titles or status toindividuals: such a title or status is onlygiven (to aid identification) where it existsin the original catalogue. To aididentification of donors with only oneinitial, however, their christian names havebeen inserted where they are known withcertainty. Donor names with two or moreinitials are regarded as inherently lessambiguous, though where christian names aregiven in the original catalogue they have notbeen removed.Against each name in the list is the numberof catalogued specimens attributable to theperson, organisation, or institutionconcerned. This number is arrived at on theassumption that one Sedgwick Museum number isequivalent to one specimen (the currentconvention); for early catalogued smallfossils such as forminifera and for someQuaternary molluscs, which were numbered inbatches, it will he a considerable underestimate.There are too some earlycollectors, donors, and vendors whosematerial was placed in the collectionswithout any distinguishing note or label;most of this material cannot now berecognized. Prominent among these are theReverend Thomas Image and Adam Sedgwickhimself. The numbers of specimens attributedin the list to collectors such as these areonly a minute fraction of the material forwhich they were actually responsible.The Sedgwick Museum's current machinecataloguerelates to 450,942 specimen numbersand, as may be seen from the list, containsthe names of 1,809 separate collectors.donors or vendors. There are fifty-sevennamed collectors of over 1,000 specimens.The twelve largest collections are each ofover 5,000 specimens:R.M. Brvdone 37,679B. W. sparksWilliam WaltouC.J.A. and C.H. MeyerW .H. HuddlestonMontagu-SmithT . W. WiltshireJohn LeckenbyOsmond FisherT .W. FletcherG .F. WhidbourneJ.F. WalkerThe list will chance both as the catalonue isUupdated and as collection research at theSegwick Museum continues. More up-to-dateingrmation or more detailed information onparticular collections may he obtained onapplication to the author. It may also be

possible to allow certain enquirers with alink to the Cambridge computer to obtaininformation by using the iuseumls IRfacilities for themselves; enquiries shouldagain be directed to the author.Finally it must be stressed that the listonly relates to material in the currentversion of the machine-readable catalogue.There is, of course, material in the museumnot yet on computer file. Some of the moreimportant of such collections are listed as asmall appendix.Ackland, L.Adams, L.Adie, W.S.Ager, D.V.Agrell, S.O.Ahrens, H.W.Aitken, J.Aitken. W.G.Alder, .K.Aldridge, R.Alexander. F.E.S.Alexander, G.B.Alexander, R.G. (Jnr.)Alford (Miss)Allan, R.S.Allen (Dr.)Allen, E.F.Allen, P.Allhusen, F.E.Allison, A.Allison, J.Ambrose, J.Amherst, M.Amherst CollegeAnderson, J.F.S.Andrews, J.B.Andrews, W.R. (Rev.)Anglo Egyptian OilfieldsAnglo Iranian Oil Co.Anglo Saxon Petroleum Co.Anstice, J.B.Anton Fanova (Prof.)Anton-Smith. J.Antrobus, E:S.A.Arabian American Oil Co.Arber, E.A.N.Arber, MurielArcher, J.B.Archer, W.E.Arkell, W.J.Ash, F.A.Ashton, P.S.Atherton, D.L.Atherton, R.F.Auden, J.B.Aukland. M.H.T.Babbington (Prof.)Baden-Powell, D.F.W.Bagot, M.G.Bairstow, L.Baker, G.B.Baker, JamesBaker, R.Baldis, B.A.J.BaldKy, R.A.Balfour, F.M.Balfour Browne, J.W.Banks (Miss)Banks, S.Banks, W.H.Banton, J.T.Barber, R.BarberBarclay, F.H.Barclay, M.E.Barker, J.M.Barker, JessieBarker, R.W.Barker, T.W.Barrande, J.Barrass, R.Barrett, I.M.Barrett, LucasBarron, C.N.Barron, R.S.BarryBartlefrere. K.C.B.Bassler, R.S.Bataafsche PetroleumMaatschappijBate, P.A.Bates, Mrs (Norwich)Bateson, W.wales, F.W.Bean,R.S.Bean, WilliamBeard, C.N.Beasely, H.C.Beauchamp, J.Beavis, F.Becker, R.B.Beckles, S.H.Beechey, St.VincentBegg, J.L.Bell. . A.Bell, A.M.Bell, F.G.Bell, J.A.H.Bell; W.Bendall, C.Benn, C.A.Benoist, E.Benson, C.W.Benson, P.de G.Benson, W.N. (Prof.)Berry, E.W.Berrv. W.B.N.~erthilsen, O.Betty, F.M.K.Bevan, R.F.BeveridgeBidder, Dr. A. (jun)Bigot, A.Bi~ey, W.Binney, E.W.Binnie, W.B.Binnie, W.E.Bishop, M.J.Black, J.G.Black, MauriceBlack, W.W.Blackmore, H.P.Blackmore MuseumSalisburyBlake, F.J. (Rev.)Blencowe, E.E. (Rev.)Blewitt, E.Bcdger, J.W.Boit, B.Bolton, H.Bolton, M.Bomford, G.Bond, F.Bonney, T.G.Booker, F.W.Boreham, W.Borrett, J.Boswell, P.G.H.BoswellBosworth, T.O.Boucek, B.Bowen, E.J.Bower, T.H.Bowerbank, J.S.Bower, E. (Rev.)Bowman (Mr.)Bowman, J.E.Boyd. J.D.Bradley, P.C.SylvesterBrady, Antonio (Sir)Brady, H.B.Braidwood CollectionBrailsford, B.Brand, R.Brand, W.A.Brandon, A.de B.Branfield, J.Braun, F.Brend, W.A.Bridgeman, M.R.Briggs, D.E.G.Brighton, A.G.British Association(E.S. Cobbold Colln.)British Museum(Natural History)British PetroleumBritish SomalilandPetroleum Co.Brcdby (Captn.)Brcdie, D.Brcdie, P.B. (Rev.)Brcdie, W.R.Bragger, W.C.Bronaugh, C.B.Brooke, H.W.Brookes, P. (Cannon)Brookfield, M.Brooks, H.C.Brown, C. BarringtonBrown, E.C.Brown, E.E.S.Brown, F.C.Brown, GarethBrown, IdaBrown, J.Brown, T.F.Browne, G.F.Browne, W.ClaytonBrowning, J.C.BrugnoneBryanBryant (ClareCollege, 1891)Bryant, J.F.Brydone, R.M.

Buchen, S.H.Buckle, W.F.Buckman, James (Prof.)Buckman, S.S.Bulgaria,Akademii Nauk.Bull, A.Bulman, O.M.B.Bunbury, E.Burdett Coutts (Baroness)Bureau of MineralResources, AustraliaBurkhill,. J.K.Burkitt, M.C.Burlinqham, S.~urmah-oil-CO.Burnaby, T.P.Burnham, C.P.Burr, A.Burr, MalcolmBurrows. J.H.~ursill; C.Burton Brown, C.Bury, A.Bushnell, G.H.C.Bushnell, G.H.S.Busson. G.Butler, A.J.Butler, B.C.M.Butler. F.H.Butler, F.M.Butler, F.W.Butler, G.N.Butler, G.W.Butler, R.WeedenBuxton, A.F.Buxton, D.R.Cabot, M.Cabot, R.M.Cadman., L.M.Cadman, M.H.Caldwell, F.E.S.Callaway, C.Callaway, S.Callman. J.H.Calvin, 0.Cambrian Research Lab.Statesville. N.CarolinaCambridge ~rie LibraryCambridge, P.G.Cambridge Folk MuseumCambridge SpitzbergenExpeditionsCambridge Water Co.Campbell, K.&.Campbell, K.S.W.Canham, M.J.CarabeufCargill, J.D.Carpenter, P.H.Carr. J.W.Carr, W.D.Carrinqton, H. (Rev.)Carter, A.N.Carter, James E.Carter, R.M.Carter, T.J.Carter, W.L.Carter, W.M.Casey, R.Catt, F.Cave, M.R. (Mrs)'Cave, RichardChaloner, A.D.Champernowne, A.M.Chandler, M.E. J.Channon, P.J.Chapan, A.Chapman, F.Chapman, K.M.H.Chapman, M.ChapmanCharlesworth, EclwardCheesman, A.Cheetham, A.H.Cheke, A.S.Chesters, A.O.Chivers, J.Christiansen, J.Chubb, E.C.Chugaeva, M.N.Ciba Ltd.Clark, A.E .Clark, H.L.Clark, J.Clark, J.W.Clark, T.H.Clarke. B.S.Clarke, F.R.Clarke, W.B. (Rev.)Clarkson, E.N.K.Clayton Browne, R.Clifford. M.B.clifford; PeterClough, C.T.Cobbold, E.S.Cobley, K.M.Cockbain, A.G.Cockerell, T.D.Cockerell, W.P.Cocks, L.R.M.Codd (Father)Coggin Brown, J.Coignou (Miss)Coit, G.M.Colby, T.F.Cole, EdithColenutt, G.W.Coles Phillips, F.Collier, K.G.Collignon, M.Collins. J.~olter,'~.~.Colvin, G.A.Companie d'Emloration~etroliereCondamine, H.M.de laConder. J.S.Conlin, J.P.Conway Morris, SimonConvbeare. J.W.E. (Rev.)cook, A.C:Cook, A.L.Cooke. B.S.Cooke, D.Cooke, H.B.S.Cookson, H.Cookson, R.Cooper, D. (Miss)Cooper, G.A.Cooper, R.L.Cop, R.N.Copper, PaulCordey, W.G.Corps, E.V.Correll, E.B.Corrie (Mrs)Couper, R.A.Cowell, E.B. (Prof.)Cowell. . Huah .Cowen, R.COX, Ian H.Cox. L.R.M.Coysh, A.W.Crane, (W.E.or W.S.)Crashaw, L.T.Craven, E.A.Creber, G.T.Crewdson. G.Crick -Croft, W.N.Crosfield, M.C.Crump, E.C.Cuany, R.L.Cuffe. O.F.W.cullei -Cumberland, G.Cumberland, R.Curinning, J.G.Cumming, L.M.Cmins, W.A.Curry, DennisCurry, J.Curtis. C.H.Curtis, D.Curtis, M.L.K.Cuthill. J.L.Dahll, Tellef (Prof.)Daintree, RichardDale, C.M.Dale, G.Damon, RobertDamon, R.F.Dant, C.S.Dant, MarkD'arcy Exploration Co.Darnley, A.G.Darwall, G.H.D.Darwin, CharlesDarwin, (D.H. or G.H.)Das Gupta, R.Dautzenberg, P.David, T.W.EdgeworthDavidson, C.Davies, A.MorleyDavies, CatherineDavies, JohnDavies. K.A.Davies, L.Davies, L.M.(Lt.-Col.)Davies, R.G.Davies, S.M.Davies, T.A.Davis (Mr.)Davis, A.G.Davis, J.R.Davison, C.Daw, C.Dawes, J.S.Dawson. G.M.Day, C.D.Day, G.H. (Rev.)Dav. *. J.W.Deans, T.Deck, I.Ce Courcy, E.Deichmuller, J.Derognat (M.)(Prof.)

Dew, 4.G.Wwar, G.N.Dewey, H.Wwey, J.F.Dewick (Mr.)Dibley, T.K.Dickson, C.W.Dickson, G.H.Dirac, F.Dirac, M.Dix, milyDixon, A. (Rev.)Dixon, A.L. (Sir)Dollfus, G.F.Don, A.W.R.mnald (Miss)Donald, M.H.Doncaster, L.Donovan, D.T.Doran, W.E.D'Orbionv, A.mrset-county MuseumDoughty, C.M.Douville, H.F.Dover, G.G.Dover, W.K.Drew (Miss)Driscoll, E.C.Ducane, E.J. (Miss)Ducie, 5th Earl ofDuckworth, J.S.Duckworth, W.L.H.Dufton -Dun, W.S.Dunbar, C.O.mrran, W.H.mrrant, E.C.East (Mr.)Easter, F.E.C.Easterfield, T.H.Edge (Mr.)Edge, A.R.Edgell, C.A.Edmunds, F.H.Edward, G.Edwards, DianneEdwards, F.E.Edwards, F.W.Edwards, G.Edwards, J.H.Edwards, J.K.P.Edwards, K.Edwards, R.Edvards, R. A.Edwards, W.Edwards, W.N.Egerton, P.M.de G. (SiEgyptian GovernmentElles, G.L.Walton, G.H.ElliotEllis, W.Else. William~ltringhm, W.Emery, J.N.Ensel, T. (Pfarrer)~nilebright, S.Enniskillen, 3rd EarlEntwhistle, A.R.Erdtmann, B.D.Erni -Eskdale, I.K.Essenhigh, R.H.Etheridge, RokrtEttingshausen, C.F.von 4Evans, I.H.N. 6Evans. J. 5Evans, J.J.Evans, P.Ewbank. L.Fairbridge, R.W. 6Falcon, N.L. 3Falconer, J.D. 16Fallot, E. 3Farren, R. 23Farren, W. 393Fearnsides, A.W. 1Fearnsides, W.G. 880Feilding, Rowland 14Fenton, G.F.Fetherston, J.11Fiege, K. 25-.Findlav. D.C. 2Fischer -Fisher, J.Fisher, J.H. 19Fisher, Osmond (Rev.) 5889Fison, W.B. 1Fitzgerald, E.A. 6Fitzgerald Moore, P. 1Flatman, E. 6Fleming, C.A. 1Fleming, P.J.G. 5Fleminq. W.L.S. 7~letchei, T.P.Fletcher, T.N.(Capt.)Florin, R.Flower, R.H.Foord, A.H.Forks. C.L.Forbes, J.G.Forbes, W.H.Forbes-Young (Dr.Ford, T.D.Forster (Miss)Forsyth, I.H.Fortey, R.A.Fortin, R.Foster, J.L.Foulger, A.R.C.Fountain, E.O.Fowler, G.Fowler, H.Fowler, I.C.Fowler, J.Foxall, W.H.Francis, C.Franklin, W.A.Frest, T.Fritsch, A.Fuchs, V.E. (Sir)Fulcber, P.Fuller, J.G.C.M.Funnell, B.M.Galloway, A.J.Gallup, R.Zalvez, A.H.Gamble, WilliamGardener, J.Gardiner. C.I. 64 ~ 6 - -Gardiner, J. 3Gardiner, J.Stanley 65Gardiner Williams - 1Gardner, E.W.Gardner, J.Gardner, J.S.Garrett, C.Garrocd, J.R.Garwood, E.J.Gaspard, D.Gaster, C.T.A.Gavey, G.E.Gayer, R.A.Gedoe (Dr.)A . .Gee, E.R.Geologists AssociationGeological Division,Dept. Lands & Mines,TanganyikaGeological Societyof LondonGeological Surveys:BrazilCanadaCaw Colonv~syptGreat BritainIndiaIranIrelandKenyaNew South WalesNew ZealandNigeriaRhodesiaRumaniaScotlandTanaanvikavicioriaGeol. Survey Division,Banakok. ThailandGeorge, T:J.George, T.N.Gerlache, L.Gerth, H.Getty, T.A.Gibbs (Miss)Gibby, D.Gibson, A.E.Giffen, J.C.Gilbert, D.H.Gilhertson, W.Gilchrist. P.V.Gildea, G.P.Gill, D.Gill, H.A.C.Gill, T.H.Gilson, A.E.Girton College,CambridgeGladstone, B.L.Glaessner, M,F.Glass, NormanGlauert, L.Gloucester, City MuseumGobbett, D.J.Godkr, M.J.Godfrey, T.W.Godwin-Austen, R.A.C.Goldsmith, R.Golikov, A.Gocdman, NevilleGordon, W.T.Gotohed -Gourlay, W.B. (Dr.)Grahau, A.W.Grant Wickwire, T.Grateloupe, J.P.S.deGray, C.E.Gray, J.-

Gray, K.W.Gray, Robert (Mrs.)Great Cuse River BoardGreen, A.G.N.Green, G.E.Green, UpfieldGreenwood, P.B.Gregory, J.R.Gregory and BottleyGrenfell, J.G.Grenfell, L.E.Grensted, L.W.Griffith, A.F.Griffith, S.H.Griffith, R.J. (Sir)Grinsdale, T.F.Grman. J.D.G~&,T.T.Gross, W.Grossouvre, A.deGrove, A.T;Gudex, M.C.Guest, H.Gulf Eastern CompanyGunn, J. (Rev.)Gunther, Lloyd F.Gurney, A. (Miss)Haddon, A.C.Haddon, K. (Miss)Hadfield. J.M.~ailstoni, John (Prof.)Haines, H.Y.Halifax (Miss)Hall, S.J.Hall, T.S.Hallam, A.Hallifax, E. (Miss)Hamling, J.G.Hammid, P.Hampton, J.S.Hancock, J.M.Hanover College,Indiana, U.S.A.Hansen, Helge (Prof.)Hanzawa, S..Hardaker, W.H.Harding, S.Harker, A.Harker, P.Harkness -Harland, W.A.Harland, W.B.Harlock, E.N.Harlock, F.L.Harmer, F.W.Harpr, D.A.T.Harper, J.C.Harris, G.F.Harris, M.A.M.Harris, T.M.Harrison. . J.C.~~Harrison (Mr. of Keswick)Hart, R.J.Hartland -Hatch, F.H.Haug, mileHaughton, S.H.Hawkes, L.Hawkes, R.Hawkesworth, E.Hawkins, H.L.Hawkins, TnomasHawkridge, P.Hayden -Hayward, J.F.Heath. M.Hede..~.Heidelberqer Mineralien-ComptoHeighton, H.J.Hemingway, J.E.Heminqway, W.Hemsley, K.D.G.Hendricks, E.M.L.Henningsmoen, G.Henry, Jean LouisHenslow, G. (Rev. )Henslow, J.S.Henson, F.R.S.Herbage, 3.L.Herdman (Miss)Herries, R.S.Herries, W.H.Hervey, A.C.Hess, H.Hess, J.P.Hester, S.W.Hewitt, H.DixonHey, R.W.Heys, G.M.Hibbert, S.Hickling, GeorgeHicks, HenryHicks, E.Hicks, G.M.Hief, F.R.G.Higham, C.W.R.Hill, DorothyHill. William~ind; WheeltonHinde, G.J.Hinxman, L.W.Hodson, F.Hogg, H.H.Holbek. . Olaa -Holder, H.Holliday, D.W.Hollina. J.C.~olli&rth, M.E.J.Hollingworth, S.E.Holmes, JohnHolmes, S.C.A.Holmes, T.W.HOlt -Homfray, DavidHope, M.L.Hopkin, Stanley R.Hopkins, WilliamHopkins, W.B.Hopkinson, John~0it -Houghton, F.T.S.House, M.R.Howard, G.Howard, JohnHoward-FoxHowarth, M.K.Howatson, D.C.Howe, M.J.Howells, YvonneHowie, R.A.Howie, R.J.Hudleston. W.H.Hudson, J.D.Hudson, R.G.S. (Prof.)Hue, J.B.Hugel, A.von (Baron)Hughes, C.P.Hughes, G.A.Hughes, H.W.Hughes, J.Hughes, J.P.Hughes, M.C.Hughes, N.F.Hughes, T.McKennyHughes, T.McKenny (Mrs)Hugh Jones, D.L.Humble Oil andRefining Co.Humphreys -Hunt, A.R.Hunt, J.A.Hunt, M.Hunter, D.Hunter, P.V.Hutchins, P.F.Hutchinson. H.N.Hutt, ~ana.E.Huxley, T.H.(Prof.)Ignatowicz, M.Illing, L.V.Illing, V.C.Image, I.Image, M.Image, T. (Rev. )Image, William EclwardInstitut Royal desSciences Naturellesde BelgiqueInstitute of C-ology,MOSCOWIoannides, N.S.Iraq Petroleum Co.Ltd.Irish National Museum,DublinIrvinq, A.Ishida, T.N.Issel, A. (Prof .)Ivatt, A.Ivatt, T.Jaccard, A.Jackson, B.J.Jackson, D.E.Jackson, J.F.Jackson, L.Jackson, R.T.Jacobs, R.Jaeger, H.Jagoe, R.Jameson, R.B.Jardine, W.Jarvis, MaryJeans, C.V.Jeason, T.Jefferies, R.P.S.Jefferson, T.H.Jehu, T.J.Jenkins, C.Jenkins, H.M.Jenkins, W.A.M.Jenkinson, J.J. (Rev.)Jenkyn, T.R.Jennings, (C.R.or R.C.)Jennings, JohnJesson, T.Jewson, P.K.Johnson. G.L.Johnson, W.H.Johnston, Mary

Johnston, R.W. 4Johnstone, C.W. 1Jonas, H.M. 1Jones (Capt.) 91Jones, E.L. 25Jones, H.L.K. 1Jones, I.W. 4Jones, J. 3Jones, O.A. 164Jones, O.T. 2431Jones, Stead 104Jones, T.R. 65Jones, W.D.V. 1971Jouhert, J.R. 1Joysey, K.A. 39Jukes, J.B. 2Jukes-Browne, A.J. 1549Kay, HenryKay, Marshal1Kearsley, A.T.Keeping, HenryKeeping, WalterKeith, M.B.Kellett Capt.Kelly, F.B.Kemp, A.H.Kendall, C.E.Y.Kenaall, M.W.Kendall, P.Kendall, P.F.Kennard, A. J.Kennard, A.S.Kemedy, A.S.Kennedy, H.M.Kennedy, H.T.Kent, P.E.Kenworthy, J.Kershaw, J.W.Keswick MuseumKetley, C.Keynes, C.L.Kiaer, JohanKidston. R.W.Kier, Porter M. 48Killick, H. 2Kilpatrick, P.J.W. 61KilpatrickYVilson - 6Kimber, G. 10Kina. -. W.B.R. (Prof.) 1471King, D.F. 1King, H.J. 147King, M.A. 2King, W.Wickham 11Kingswood School Museum.~ati 1Kirchgasser, W.T. 38Kirk. N m 63~irton, c.J.B.Kitching, J.A.Kitson, R.H.~lenerova, H.Klenova, G.Klose, WilliamKnapp -Knecht. K.Knight, J.L.Knight, M.A.G.Knill, J.L.Knipe, C.V.Knowles, L.Knox, R.Knox, R.V.E.Knox, R.W.OIB.Koc~, W.E.Koninck, L.G.deKoninck, M.deKoren, T.N.Kowes, P.D.Kozlowski, RomanKrantz, A.& F.L.R.Krishnaswami, V.D.Kugler, H.G.Kuhne, W.G.Kurz, W.Kynaston, H.Laffoley, N.Lake, PhilipLake, P.I.Lamb, C.G.Lamb, S.H.Lambert, R.St.JLamborn, RichardLane, P.D.Langdale -Lapuorth, CharlesLarge, H.Large, N.F.Larsson, KentLarwood, G.P.Latchmore (Mr.)La Touche, T.H.D.La Touche, W.M.deLatter, M.P.Laud, MichaelLaufeld, SvenLaw, J.E.Lawrence. A.L.Lawrence, A.M.Lawson, D.A.Lawson, J.D.Leach, H.B.Lebur, G.A.L.Leckenby, JohnLe Compte, M.Lee, A.S.Lee, J.B.Lee, J.E.Lee, J.G.Lee, J.H.Leeds, A.N.Leeke, C.Leeke, H.Ieeson, J.R.Leggett, J.K.Lehest, M.MaxLe Lacheur, W.J.Leslie, (T.N.?)Leslie, E.J.Le Strange, HamonllEstrange, P.H.Lewin, H.W.Lewinton -Lewis, H.P.Lewis, R.M.Lewis, W.A.D.Lewis, W.A.H.Lewis -Ieys School, CambridgeLiardet, T.W.Lightbody, RobertLille. P.~illey -Lillie, A.G.Lillie, A.R.~illie; D.G.Lindstrm, GustafLinton, J.Lister, J.J.Liveing, G.D. (Prof.)Llewellvn. P.G.~loyd, &C.Lloyd, R.Lloyd-Jones, E.~lwyd, RobertLock, B.E.Lofts, E.F.Lohest, M.MaxLomax, JamesLotherington, E.B.m e (Mr.Low, G.J.Lucas, M.LUCY, W.C.mddington, J.Ludford, A.Lumby, J.Lundgren, S.A.B.Lushinqton, R.G.Luxmore, E.B.Lvcett. John~;ell,.Charles (Sir)Lynas, B.D.T.Maccarthy, C.P.Macfadyen, W.A.MacGregor , A.R.MacInnes, D.G. (alsospelt McInnes)Macintosh, R.A.Madsen, VictorMaggs, T.C.Majendie, A.M.A.Manglis, C.P.Mantell, Gideon AlgernonMarchant, S.Marchese di MonterosatoMarkhan, H.Markwald and Co.Marr, J.E.Marr, F.A.Marsh. O.C.~arsh; R.Marshall (Miss)Marshall, D.Marshall, J.Marshall, M.A.Marshall. N.Marshall, W.Marten, JohnMartin, A.J.Martin, E.Martin, H.T.Mashkova, T.V.Mathey, M.Matley, C.A.Matthew, G.F.Matthews, D.W.Matthews, S.C.Matthews, S.Maubeuge, P.L.Maufe, H.H.Maule, E.G.Maxwell (Mr. . .)May, R.Mayo, (H.T or T.H.)McCabe. P.J.~ccartiy, M.McConnel, E.W.J.McCulloch. N.B.

McGregor, A.M.McGugan, A;McKerrow, W.S.McKinney, F.K.McLaren, D.J.McMurtry, M.J.McNamara, K.J.McPhee (Miss)Meijer -Melle (Dr.)Melou, M.Melville, R.V.Meyer, C.J.A. & C.H.Michie, G.M.Middlebrook, J.Middleton, J.~ihaljovic, M.Miller (Dr.)Miller. T.G.Miller, (S.A.?)Milligan, D.Milner, H.B.Mines & GeologyDepartment, KenyaMining Museum, SydneyMinty, K.W.Mitcham, B.C.Mitchell, G.H.Mitchell, J.Mitchell, M.Mitchell, S.W.Mockler, F.Moir, 3.ReidMojsisovics, E.vOnMoney, M.S.Monk, HenryMontaau-SmithMoore, C.Moore, D.H.Moore, E.W.J.Moore, R.W.Moore, T.M.Moore, W.worthMorell, R.S.Morley, W.Morris -Morris, GeorgeMorton. N.~oseley (Miss)Moseley, F.Moysey, L.Moysey, R.Muff, H.B.Muir-wood, H.M.Munster, Georg Graf vonMurchison,Charlotte (Lady)Murchison, R.I. (sir)-Murcott. A.Murray, P. (Dr.)Murrell, G.Museum of ComparativeZoology, HarvardMuseum Regni BohemiaeMusgrave, George (Sir)Musgrove, V.Nakamura, S. (Prof)National Museum ofVictoria, MelbourneNathorst, A.G.NaturhistorikaRiksmuseet, StockholmNaturmuseum 'Sencke nberg' 3Negus, P.E.18NekvasilovaNelson, N.E.Nettleton, S.Newall, H.F .Newton, B.Nichol, J.S.Nicholas, T.C.Nicholls, G.D.Nicholls, J.M.Nichols, D.Nicholson, B.C.Nicholson, H.A.Nicholson, T.Nicol, J.S.Nishida, T.Nixon, J.M.Nixon, L.Nordgaard (Dr.)Nordmann (Dr.)Noman, (M.W.?)Norris, w.H.North, F.J.Norwocd, D.A.NoKwocd. M.E.Notf, C~H.Nott, C.R.H.Nuttall, C.P.~uttall, W.L.F.Oakley, K.P.Oheyesekere, F.A.Obut, A.M.O'Connor, B.Cdell, J.Odell. N.E.Ogura, T.O'hara, M.J.Oliver, G.H.Oliver, 3.Opik, A.A.O'reilly, A.J.Osborne, FitzOutram, F.H.mey, C.D.Cwens, R.M.Ozanne, P.C.Packe, H.Packham, G.H.Page, J.S.Page, K.N.R.Paget, George (Sir)Paget-FulcherPalmer, D.Palmer, K.D.Parish, W.Parke, J.Parker, C.J.Parker (Mrs.)Parkinson, D.Parkinson, J.Parkinson, M.L.Parks, W.A.Parnell, F.R.Parnell , JohnParr, W.J.Parrington, F.R.Parry, B.B.Parry, JoyParsons, H.F.Part, G.M.Part, W.M.Partridge, E.Patel, I.Paterson (Miss)Paterson, T.T.Patten, W.Paul, C.R.C.Pauntly (Mr.)Pavlow, A.P.Pay, A.W.Payne, R.W.D.Peabody Museum,Yale UniversityPearse, H.Pedder , A.Peirce, E.G.Penruddock, M.A.Penton, E.Perceval, Spencer GeorgePerowne, E.H.Perry, J.T.Peskett (Miss)Peters, E.Peters, 3.Petter, G.Peyrot (Prof.)philip, G.M.Phillips (Miss)Philliw, A.W.A.~hillib; D.Phillips, F.ColesPhillivs. John (Prof.)~igott; C.D.Pinfold, E.S.Piper, D.J.W.Pipr, G.H.Pitchford. J.D.Plant, J.Plmer, F.R.Plumptre (Miss)Plumstead, E.P.Pochin, V.R.POCOCk, R.W.Poiqnard (Dr.~oliard, G.Pollard, W.B.Pollexfen. J.H.Pollock, C.M.Pomeroy ExpeditionPope-Bartlett, B.Porteous, B.Porter -Porter. Benrv *Porter, N.T.Porter (Mr. of Pilton)Portlock. J.E.Potts, F.A.Potts, T.A.Pratt, L.D.Prendergast, K.M.Prentice, J.E.Preston, H.Price, DavidPrice, G.M.Price. M.P.Price, T.D.Priestley, R.E.Prince. T.~ringli, J.Prior, E.S.Prior, M.R.Prismall, S.E.Proctor, M.C.F.Pryor, M.R.

~~Pulfrey, W.Purcell, D.Eye, MalcolmPyre, AustinNayle, W.J.Quenstedt, F.A.von@irk, R.N.Raban, H.B.Raban, H.C.Ramsbottom, W.H.C.Randall, J.M.Rasmussen, H.W.Rastal1,R.B.Ravenshear, E.W.Raw, FrankRayment, R.A.Rayner, D.H.Peade, T.MellardReader (Mr. )Red Sea Petroleum Co.Redstone, S.I.Reed, F.R.C.Reed, WilliamReid, ClementRenevier, GugeneResser, C.E.Reynolds, E.P.Reynolds, S.H.Rhodes, E.C.Rhodes UniversityRichardson, C.Richardson, D.Richardson, F.D.S.Richardson, J.Richardson, L.Richardson. W.Richie, A.Richter, P.B.Rickards. R.B.Rider, W.E.Ridgeway (Prof.)Rilett, M.H.P.Riley, K.A.Ripper, B.Ripper, E.A.Riva, J.Roberts. R.G.Roberts, R.H.Roberts, ThomasRobertson, IanRobertson, R.H.S.Robinson. P.L.Roden, P:F.C.Roeper, A.deRoqers, - . A.W.Rogers, C.W.M.Rogers, A.InkermanRolland, F.K.Rollier, LouisRomanes, J.Rookes, F.Roscoe, G.L.Rose, C.B.Rowe, A.W.Royston, E.W.Roman, H.S.Ruddy, ThomasRudwick. M.J.S.Ruegg, W.Rufford, P.J.Rushton. A.W.A.Russell -Russell, J.Russell, J.L.Russell, T.D."Russian Government"Ruthven, JohnRuxton, B.P.Sackett, A.B.Saemann, - muisSt.Joseph, J.K.S.St.XavierlsCollecle. - . Bombav -Sale. H.M. - ~ -Sales, R.Salisbury & Southwiltshire MuseumSalter, J.W.Salter, M.Salvin, 0.Sanders, I.S.Sanders, W.Sass, D.B.Saunders, J.Saunders, W.Savin. - Alfred C.Saxby, S.M.Saxton, (W.I.or W.J.)Schenck, H.G.Schleiger , NoelSchmid. E.E.schmidt, FriedrichSchon, B.Schranunen, A.Sclater, A.J.R.Scobie, M.J.ScOtt, D.H.scripps Institute ofOceanographySdzuy, KlausSeaborne, M.V.J.Seale, R.S.Sedgwick, AdamSedgwick ClubSeeley, H.G.Sennikov, NikolajSennitt, B.F.C.Sergeant (Miss)Sergeant, D.E.Sevastopulo, G.D.Seward, A.C.Shakespear, Ethel (Dame)Shaler (Prof .)Shaman, D.T.V.Shaman, J.Sharp, D.Shaw, R.W.L.Shaw, W. (Rev.)Shaw, W.A. (Rev.)Shawcross, B.E.Sheldon, P.R.Shell Developnent(Queensland) CollectionSherborn, C.D.Shergold, J.H.Sherrard, KathleenSherwin, LawrenceShirley, J.Shotton, F.W.Shrubsole, G.W.Sibly, T.F.Sikes, R.Silver, O.B.Simpson, A.J.Simpson, P.Simpson, P.R.Simpson, R.D.H.Sims, L.G.C.~inciair , G.WinstonSingleton, O.P.Siveter, DerekSkeat, E.G.Skeat CambridgeExpadition to SiamSkevington, D.Skinner, J.W.Slater, I.L.Smallwood, S.R.Smith (Mr.)Smith. BernardSmith; D.G.Smith, DavidSmith, Stanley (Dr.)Smith, F.Smith, F.A.Smith, F.B.Smith, F.W.Smith, G.C.Smith, H.W.Smith, J.Smith, J.H.StuartSmith, JeremySmith, K.Smith, P.W.Smith, R.Smith, S.Smith, StanleySmith. T.W.smith; W.Smith, W.R.Smith. Winifred~mith&nian InstitutionSmythies, E.A.Sollas. W.J.Solley, R.H.Somaliland Petroleum Co.Somerset County MuseumSouth African MuseumSowerby -Sparks, B.W.Spar re Schneider (Dr. )Spath, L.F.Speight, R.Spencer, H.E.P.Spencer, J.F.A.Spencer, L.J.Spencer, S.G.wl1.Spencer, W.K.Spencer, G.P.Spjeldnaes, NilsSponer -Spyropulos, LydiaStainbrwk, M.A.Stallybrass, F.C.Standen, E.Stanford UniversityStanger, WilliamStanley (Miss)Stanley (Mrs.)Stather, J.W.Steers, J.A.Stephanov, J.Stephen, R.Stephens, Dare11Stephens, J.V.Stephenson, D.G.Stephenson, P.Stephenson, R.Stevens, G.R.

Stevenson, S.Stewarts & Lloyds Ltd.Stigand, I.A.Stirrup, M.Stockley, G.M.Stokes, G.H.Stokes, R.W.Stokes, W.Stormer, LeifStott, R.W.stow, D.Strachan, I.Strauch, F.Straw, S.H.Strickland, H.E.Strong, L.Strutt, G.H.Stuart Smith. J.H.Stubbinqton, F.Scubblefield, C.J. (Sir1Stuer, A.Sturge, J.Sturtz, B.Sudbury, MargaretSullivan, J.W.Sutcliffe, W.H.Sutherland, P.K.Swainson, F.E.Swann. A.J.T.Swann, J.Swanston, F.G.S.Swanston, W.Suinnerton. H.H.Symonds (Mr.)Symonds, W. (Rev.)Tailor, S.Tarlo, L.B.H.Tasburgh, M.Tate, J.S.Tavener-Smith, R.Tawney, E.B.Taylor, G.C.Taylor, H.E.Taylor, H.M.Taylor, J.Taylor, J.C.Taylor, J.H.Taylor, P.Tavlor. R.H.R.~eall,'~.~.Tebbutt, C.F.Tedham, W.F.Teller, L.Temple, J.T.Tennant, J.Tennyson, Alfred (Lord1Tesch (Dr.)Thames Conservancy BoardTheobald, F.W.Thickpenny, .%drewThierry, J.Thomas. . A.TTnomas, D.E.Thomas, H.DightonThomas. H.HamshawThornasin, K.C.Thompson, J.Thomson, J.AllenThomson -Thorneycroft, T.H.Tnornton, MS..Tnorslund, PerThorsteinsson. RadnorThurrell, R.G.Tilley, C.E.Tindall -Tipping (Mrs. )Titherington -Tjernvik, T.T0dd,J.V.Toghill, P.Tomczvk. H.~omkins, CharlesTomlin, J.R.Torrens, H.S.Totcham, W.Smith, J.ToulminTownrow, J.A.Townsend, J.Tracy, F.W.Traquair, R.H.Treacher, L.Treagus, J.Trechmann, C.T.Trinder, P.D.Trinity College,CambridgeTripp, R.P.Tristram, (H.B.?)Trueman, A.E.Tunnicliff, S.P.Tuppr, J.L.Turkish Petroleum Co.Turnbull, H.Turnbull, V.M.Turner , C.Turner, CharlesTurner, H.S.Turner, J.SelwynTurner, W.L.Turner-Collin (Mrs.)Turrall, R.G.Tweedie, M.W.F.Tyndale Biscoe, H.L.Tyndale Biscoe, R.Tyrrell, J.B.Ubaghs, C.Umbqrove, J.H.F.Underhill, H.Unite3 States NationalMuseum, WashingtonUniversitetsPaleontolqiskaMuseum, OsloUniversity ofBelfast (Queen's)BirminghamBristolBuenos AiresCaliforniaCambridge(Botany School)CopenhagenGentHarvardHoustonHullIndianaJerusalemKyushuLiverpoolMelbourneNew mqlandoxford-Prague (Karlova)Readingliestern Australialiesrern meenslandUniversitv Colleqe.&donUrbanek, AdamUre, E.M.P.Vallance, G.Van Breda, J.G.S.Van der WouverVan Lennep, A.PVansittart, A.A.Vassall, H.Vaughan, ArthurVaughan, T.WaylandVeevers, J.vernon, R.D.Vernon, R.O.Verteuil, G.F.deVerneuil, P.E.P.deVevers (Dr.)Vicary, W.Vickers. M.Vilanova y Piera, J.VilloutreysVine, F.J.Vines, R.C.B.Vincgradsky, H.Vinter. H.W.VoigtVoigt, E.Voigt, H.Waddington, C.H.Waddow, D.E.Wade, R.T. (Rev.)Wade. Tnomas (Prof. ,SiWainwright, R.E.Wakeman, C.G.Walcott, C.D.Walker, A.C.Walker, BryanWalker, E.E.Walker, F.Walker, F.G. (Rev.)Walker, F.M.Walker, J.F.Walker, (J.F.?)Walker, J.H.Walker, J.P.Walker, M.Walker, P.J.Walker, W.Wallace, E.H.Wallich, N.W.Wallis, F.P.~allisklel, H.H.R.Wally, P.J.Walter . A. (Miss)Walter -Walters, A.Walther (Dr. )Walton, J.Walton, WilliamWandesforde, H.PriorWang, H.C.Wanklyn, A.Warby, WalterWard. J.ward; J.H.Ward, (J.C.?)

~-Ward's Natural ScienceEstablishment, Rochester 12Warington, G. 1IVarman, Y.R. 10warren, P.S. 35Warren, P.T. 30Warrington, S. 1Watson, B.W. 1Watson, D.M.S. 2Watson, Hugh 20Watson, John 14Watts, W.W. 31Webby, B.D. 13Webster. R.D. 1Wedd, C.B. 53Weevers, R. de C. 1Wellburn, E. 36Wells, C. 1Wells. C.M. 1Wells, J.W.West, H.D.West, R.G. (Prof.)West, W.D.Westergard, &.H.Westermann, G.Western AustraliaUniversityWeston, C.B.Weston, T.C.Netherell, (J.W.?)Wealler, J.E.A.Wheat, P.Whidborne, G.F.Whitaker, J.Witby -Whitcomb, L.White, E.J.White, F.E.White. J.E.Whitmell, C.T.Whitmore, G.T.Whittaker, V. (Mrs.)Whittard, W.F.Whittington, H.B.Whittles. C.L.Whyte, E:TOW~~Wicks, W.H.Wickwire, G.T.Wigram, R.Wilcockson, W.H.Wilde, G.L.Wilding Jones, C.L.Williams, AlwynWilliams, C.F.Williams, G.J.Williams, J.H.Williamson, JohnWilliamson -Willis, J.H.A.Wills (Miss)Wills. ~. K.J.~wills, L.J.Willy, E.A.Iiilman (Miss)wilson, 'c.P.'Wilson, E.Wilson, L.D.Wilson, V.Wilston, E.Wiltsand, S.Wiltshire, T.W.WinnicottWinship, A.J.Winstone, W.Winterbotham, W.Wisbech MuseumWiskin, J.Witchell, E.Whitehall Petroleum Wollaston, R.Corporation 27 Wolleman, A.Whitehouse, F.W. 232 Wood (Lt.)Whitman, T. 1Wood, E.M.R.wood, F.Woodham, D.J.Woods, HenryWoods, P.J.E.Woodward, D.H.Woodward, F.R.Woodward, H.Woolley, J.B.Woolnough -Woosham, C.T.Wordie, J.M.Worsley (Mrs.)Worsley, D.Wright (James?)Wright, A.D.Wright, Bryce M.Wright, C.Wright, C.W.Wright, D.M.Wriqht, G.Arthur~riGht; L.V.Wr ight, RichardWriaht. W.B.wright; Whitworth F.Wright (Thomas?)Wyley, J.F.Wyley, W.K.Yardy, S.J.Yeates, P.H.Yeoman, A.H.C.Yorkshire MuseumYoung, EvelynYoung, J.Young91 Zetland, Earl of10 Zittel, V.APPENDIXPh.D. Thesis collections:S.J. Baker C. J. JenkinsMajor collections not yet computer-catalogued. S.D.G. Campbell P.M. MagorP.R. Crowther R.M. WoodsMaurice Black collection of recent molluscs,calcareous algae etc. from the Bahamas:R.H. Hughes J.A. Zalasiewiczc.900 specimens.Maurice Black collection of transmissionThe museum is also about to incorporate thelarge collection of palynological materialelectron micrographs of coccoliths(preparations, slides, scanning electron(glass plates); a high proportion of micrographs, and SEM stubs) built up by thefigured soecimens and over l00research school led hv ~" Dr. N.F. Hushes.~iconotypcs: c.13.000 specimens.l.. (.'nrnbridxc collection, inisccllcrrnous:several thousand specimens.REFERENCESS.R. A. Kelly collection, Jurassic andCretaceous: c.5.000 specimens.W.A. MacFadyen'collection of Foraminifera,including type and figured specimens:over 300 well-filled cavity slides.M.J. Orchard collection of Ordovician andDevonian conodonts and other microfossils;includes type and figuredspecimens.William Pengelly cave bone collection, Kent'sCavern: c.300 specimens.Porter, M.F. 1983. Information retrieval atthe Sedgwick Museum. InformationTechnology: Research Development,2, 169-186.Price, D. 1984. Computer-based storage andretrieval of palaeontological data atthe Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge,England. Palaeontology, 27, 393-405.1985. The 'computerised' SedgwicltMuseum. Geol. Cur. 4. 45-56.Typescript received 25 April 1985Revised typescript received 7 June 1985David PriceSedgwick MuseumDepartment of Earth SciencesDowning StreetCambridge CB2 3EQ

Geological m, Vol. 4, No. 4, 1985, pp. 204.210MAKING LATEX PEELS OFSOILS AND SOFT SEDIMENTSBY MARTIN WARRENINTRODUCTIONThe making of replicas by shallow surfaceimpregnation has been used by soil scientistsand sedimentologists for almost 50 years. Itovercomes the problem of preservation ofcores, trench-cuts, or quarry exposures inunconsolidated sediments, and allows samplesto be removed for study in the laboratory.This technique could be more widely used bymuseums for preservation and display ofsuitable sections. After aU, where softsediments are involved a museum displayusually resorts to a photograph, which is apoorsubstitute for the real thing.Supplement this with a replica or 'peel' andone can at once convey colour, texture, andscale, whether it be a soil profile, archaeologicalsection, fossil ice-wedge cast, orwhat ever. It will certainly make a moreeye-catching and meaningful exhibit.A number of different media have beenemployed, e.g. epoxy resin, polyester resin,latex, glue, and lacquer. These penetratethe sediment and harden it sufficiently toenable a superficial sample to be peeledaway. The depth of penetration is dependentupon the coarseness of the sediment and theresulting peel has a texture which reflectsthe grain-size of the original, which isparticularly useful for sedimentarystructures. Described here is a techniqueusing the natural latex emulsion sold as'Copydex' which can he obtained by the gallonfrom hardware stores at modest cost. Suchpeels may be made single handed by any museumquite easily and cheaply. One drawback isthat 'Copydex' ages and becomes brittle as itoxidizes, so those who wish their peels tohave a longer life than say five years shouldemploy one of the other more messy andexpensive materials referred to in thebibliography. 'Copydex' will eventually besold with an additive to prevent thisoxidation and emhrittlement.MAKING A PEELEquipment required'Copydex' (something like 24 litres will makea peel lm X 4m); spray gun (a simply cleanedtype holding a litre or so, such as aPolyspray 2 by ASL Airflow, model number4075); 2" paint brush (get the cheapest, itwill be ruined); plasterer's cotton scrim(from builder's merchants); spade and trowel(for preparing the section); piece ofhardboard (a little larger all round than thepeel to be made); bottle of water (forcleaning up); scissors; an old kitchenknife; household ammonia (l litre).Choosing the sectionThe technique will not work on wet sediments,clays, or sediments with a high claycontent. It works excellently on sands andgravels (even surprisingly coarse ones), drysoils, organic mnds (gyttjas), and dry peat.The chosen section should be cut with a spadeuntil practically flat and leaning back alittle from the vertical. It is thencarefully cleaned up with a trowel, makingspecially sure there are no holes. Smallstones are less of a problem; they should beloosened but left in situ and they will comeaway with the peel. A warm, dry day willgreatly facilitate drying and speed up thewhole process.ApplicationThe 'Copydex' should be diluted with a weakammonia solution (household ammonia is goodenough). 'Copydex' is inhibited from settingby the addition of ammonia; the addition ofwater alone would cause it to coagulate. Thediluted 'Copydex' is then applied with thespray gun to lay down the first coat;spraying is necessary to avoid disturbing thesoft sediment. Allow this to set (timedepending on drying conditions), then apply asecond coat if desired. When this too hasdried, a liberal coat can be applied with abrush and allowed to set. Now strips of theplasterer's scrim are pasted to the peelusing another liberal coat of 'Copydex'. Thescrim provides a backing material which holdsthe peel together so it can be handledwithout tearing.RemovalLeave the peel until dry (a day or so ifnecessary, but protect from rain). To removethe peel the hardboard is laid against thesection and the top of the peel prised awaywith the kitchen knife. Separation should bemade by the knife rather than by pulling thepeel away from the section as this may leavesomething behind. As separation proceeds,the hardboard is bowed away from the sectionand the peel lays on it until the bottom isreached. Anv stones which have failed toadhere can be replaced now. Small packets ofrepresentative sediment types should becollected for use back in the museum whenfaking up any tiny patches which have nottaken properly. Do not dispair if the peellooks thin and patchy with the white'Copydex' grinning through, since this willlargely disappear when the front surfacecures properly. Remove to the museum andallow to dry on its board for a few days.

Then loose sediment can be shaken, brushed,or vacuumed off and there will be animmediate improvement in clarity andtexture. At this point any 'improvements'you might wish can be made, e.g. artifactsprotruding from the section, addition offossils or shells which have not survived theprocess, etc. The peel is then stuck down toblockboard or chipboard with 'Copydex' forstorage or display. A final protectivecoating of varnish (brushed on) discouragesparticles from dropping off and darkens thedry surface to more closely resemble thesection in the field. I have used a dilutedPVA emulsion which seems successful butothers have used special varnishes, forinstance a poly-methylmethacrylate with athinner (see Baren and Bomer 1979).DISPLAY AND STORAGEOnce adhered to a sheet of chipboard orsimilar the peel may be displayed verticallyif desired. No special lighting is required,although a raking light will tend toemphasize the texture at the expense ofsubtleties of colour. If possible, avoidputting peels behind glass or a great deal oftheir detail will be masked. Mounted peelsmay be stored vertically, hung on a wall orsuspended from racks etc.I would be most interested to hear fromanyone who has used the techniques describedand can add comments, ideas, and innovations.REFERENCESA number of papers and books elaborate on thetechniques of preparing peels using a varietyof materials:Baren, J.H.V. van and Bomer, W. 1919.Procedures for collection &preservation of soil profiles.Technical Paper 1, 24pp. InternationalSoil Museum, Wageningen, - . TheNetherlands.Barr. J.L., Dinkelman, M.G., and Sandusky,C.L. 1910. Large epoxy peels. J. =.Pet. 40, 445-449.Bouma,~.~. 1964. Sampling and treatment ofunconsolidated sediments for study ofinternal structures. J. Sed. Pet. 34,349-354.Burger, J.A., Klein, G. de V. and Sanders,J.E. 1969. A field technique formaking epoxy relief-peels in sandsediments saturated with salt water.- J. Sed. Pet. 39, 338-341.Iclein, G. de V. 1971. Peels and impressions.In Carver, R.E. (ed.). Procedures &sedimentary petroloEy. Wiley, New Yorkand London, pp.217-250.Martin WarrenCromer Museum, Norfolk Museums ServiceEast Cottages,Tucker StreetCromer, Norfolk NRZI 9HBTypescript received 19 December 1984Graphics by John Martin, from the 'What's a Dinosaur?' exhibition, opening 9 November 1985 atthe Leicestershire Museum and Art Gallery, New Walk, Leicester. See 'Notes and News'.-210-

Geological Curator, Vo1.4, No.4, 1985, pp.211-214NOW AND THEN. NO.lNOW AND THENNEW SERIES ABOUT GEOLOGICAL SITES OF NOTEBY ALAN C. HOWELLINTRODUCTIONThe idea for this series developed from anenquiry made some years ago by Ian Rolfe ofthe Hunterian Museum. He asked whether ornot the unique source of Upper CarboniferousArthroooda at Svarth Bottoms. Rochdale, wouldbe a pEactical candidate for an NCC sponsoredsite clearance scheme. The bulk of theinteresting fossil material was extractedfrom the site in the early years of thiscentury but nothing was known (by Dr Rolfe orthe writer) of Sparth's subsequent history.A passing visit to the area generally knownas Sparth indicated that very specificinformation regarding the actual fossil sitewould need to be traced. The area seen was aconsiderable area of wide flat-floored rivervalley, part of which was an active rubbishtip and part of which housed a sewage farm.All the accessible valley sides were coveredin talus and vegetation; there were no rockexposures at all. A Literature search to tryand pinpoint the locality was obviouslyrequired but since the requisite referenceswere not available in Bolton, the taskremained 'pending' for some years. In 1981Fiona MacKenzie, a natural historian, wasappointed as Assistant Curator at RochdaleMuseum and readily agreed to see if theliterature at Rochdale was any help.Eventually an excellent series ofcontemporary site photographs was discoveredin the local history collection of RochdaleLibrary (e.g. Figs.1, 5). The fossiliferoushorizons were indicated on the photographswhich also showed a prominent local landmarkin the shape of a gasometer (Fig.1). Whenused in conjunction with a contemporary largescale Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 31, the exactlocation of the site became readily apparentand was in fact found to be some distancefrom the area of the earlier exploratoryvisit.Being in a position to provide 'then' and'now' photographs, together with anindication of the importance of the site andits current status, it seemed logical tooublish the information for ~-~~ GeneralL ~consumption. Thinking further, it appearedthat a series of articles dealing withsimilarly important sites could lbuild up intoa very useful information resource.Thiswould of oourse add to the invaluable natureof the Geological W. It would alsoallow us to discharge some of ourres~onsibilities towards sites, which understandablyhave received less^ coverage thancuratorial and collection based topics.Sparth Bottoms is therefore offered as thefirst subject for this projected new series.It is not intended as a strict format examplefor future articles, but rather as a preproductionprototype which might needmodification. Perhaps a more structuredlayout in the form of notes might bepreferable to the free text used here.Hopefully, however, other contributors willrespond to the general idea, so that Sparthdoes not become the pilot for a series whichnever happened!SI'ARTH IIO'I"l'OMS, ROCIII)ALE, LANCASlllRE(now GREA'I'ER XIANCIIES'l'ICB)NGR SD888129According to the bibliography given below,the first publication relating to materialfrom the brickpit at Sparth Bottoms appearedin 1895, though the fossil tree it describedhad, in fact, been discovered by the previousyear. Photographs of an in situ fossil tree(presumably the same) taken at Sparth on 22September 1894 (Fig.3) are held in RochdaleLibrary, along with several pictures of thebrickpit and a Prestwichia taken ratherlater. The first arthropod find waspublished in 1902 and material was stillbeing extracted at least until c.1910. Twofossiliferous horizons were present in thepit at 'approximately 90 and 130ft. above theArley Mine'. (Tonks et al. 1931, p.77)(Figs.1, 4). In modern terminology this putsthe age of the Sparth strata asmid-Westphalian A, Upper Carboniferous.Reference to the photographs of the siteindicates that the terraced eastern face ofthe pit must have exceeded 100 feet inheight, usiugthe 40 feet difference betweenthe indicated fossiliferous horizons as ascale. The gasometer visible in the photosis the largest one shown on the map. Lookingat the site today (Fig.2) it is incrediblethat the hole must have been so deep (wellbelow the adjacent river level) as to takethe roofs of the houses beyond Norman Roadbelow the site line from the pit floor to thegasometer. Clearly the brickpit exhaustedits workable area sometime (?fairly soon)after 1910 and was subsequently infilled.The site has only been landscaped to itspresent form very recently (1984-85); itsappearance in the interim is unknown to thewriter.The answer to the query, 'could SparthBottoms be re-excavated as a source offossils?' unfortunately has to be 'no'.Removal of the quarry infill would certainlyexpose the old faces, hut lateral extensioninto the fossiliferous horizons would clearlyundermine roads and property either along thestrike or up the dip (which is slightly westof south). The southern boundary of the siteis mapped as faulted along the line of Albion

Fig.1.Sparth Bottoms brickpit, Rochdale, with the upper and lower fossiliferous horizon arrowed.Fig.2. The site of Sparth Bottoms Brickpit, photographed 24 June 1985.-212-

Fig. 3. The site of Sparth Bottoms hrickpit, Rochdale. Reproduced from the 1930 1:2500 Sheet No.LXXXVIII.4 Ordnance Survey map.Road. Only an adjacent site, perhaps to the and Rochdale Museum; Bolton Museum also hassouth (depending on the throw of the fault) a few items obtained via W.A. Parker in 1907.could stand any real chance of providing a The Sparth bibliography given below wasmodern source of similar fossils. Consider extracted from Tonks et al. (1931); therealso the number of presently surviving fossil- are doubtless other references to Sparthiferous nodules from Sparth, in relation to material in later taxonomic literature.the amount of brick-clay removed from thesite. It then becomes obvious that such a BIBLIOGRAPHYsmall return could only have been obtained asthe by-product of another economic activity. 1895 Platt, S.S. Notes on a large fossilEven then the fossils were only recovered hytree recently found in the shale of thethe attentions, over a long period, of theCoal Measures, at Sparth Bottoms,amateur geologists who figure in the Rochdale. Manchr geol. Min. Soc. Trans.bibliography - no doubt with some help from 23, 65-72.their friends. 1902 Baldwin, W. On Prestwichia rotundatafound at Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale,Today, fossils from Sparth are present in the Lancashire. Ibid. 27, 149-155.collections of the BMCNH), Manchester Museum 5..a^Natural Scale 37w or 300 feet to One Inch.m Sandstone b ShaleFig.4.B = l)rab-coloured d~nle, with llodules coutuini~lg I'r~slwiclru~. Slrcpsudrrs scrnroidw', ferns, C,rlc~,earica, s1.aA = Nodules containil~g Lkrbonicola aczcta, ~clillsnis, firplrohe~.ia, ferns, L'ala~naricn, e[dX = Position of nodule containing hbs~.orpitcspa~.thciisis, sp. uov.Section of the Coal Measures at Sparth Bottoms, from Baldwin and Sutcliffe (1904, fig.1).

Fig.5. Fossil ?lycopod trunk, photographedin situ at Sparth, 22 September 1894.1904 Baldwin, W. and Sutcliffe, W.H.Eoscorpius sparthensis, sp. nov., fromthe Middle Coal Measures of LancashireQ. 51 geol. Soc. Land. 60, 394-399.1905 Baldwin, W. Notes on the palaeontologyof Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale. - Trans.Rochdale lit. scient. Soc. 8, 78.1905 Baldwin. W. Belinurus -, fromSparth, Rochdale. Manchr Zeal. Min.Soc. Trans. 28, 198-202.1905 Baldwin, W. A Carboniferous airbreatherfrom Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale.Ibid. 28, 523-528.1906 Baldwin, W. Sparth Bottoms Quarry,Rochdale. Ibid. 29, 17-18.1906 Baldwin, W. Prestwichia anthrax andBelinurus from Sparth Bottoms,Rochdale. Ibid. 29, 124-128.1908 Parker, W.A. Fossil Arthropoda andPisces from Middle Coal Measures ofSparth, Rochdale. m. Rochdale U.-- scient. Soc. 9, 64.1910 Parker, W.A. The Fossil Arthropodaand Pisces of Sparth, Rochdale. Lancs.Nat. 2, 2-8.1910 Sutcliffe, W.H. Notes on Palaeoxyrisprendelli (Lesquereux), from Middle CoalMeasures, Sparth. Rochdale.Lancs. Nat.2, 114-117.1911 Baldwin, W. Fossil myriopods from theMiddle Coal Neasures of Sparth Bottoms,Rochdale, Lancashire. Geol. m. 74-80,pl. 4, 5.1911 Parker, W.A. Fossil arachnid found atSparth. m. Rochdale lit. scient.Soc. 10, 89.1911 Pocock. R.I. A monoeraoh of theterrestrial ~arbonifero& ~rachnida ofGreat Britain. Palaeontocr. U.[-.l, 84pp.. 3pls. (describesAnthracoscorpio buthiformis sp. nov.,pp.24-28).1911 Woodward H. On a large form ofAnthrapalaemon from theclay-ironstonenodules of the Middle Coal measures,Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale, Geol. Mag.48, 361-366.1919 Jackson, J.W. Notes on Myriopoda. XIX.A revision of some fossil material fromSparth Bottoms, Lancs. Geol. Mag. 56,406-411, pl.9.1931 Tanks, L.H., Jones, R.C.B.. Llovd. . - W.and herl lock, R.L. ~eolog~ ofManchester and the South-East LancashireCoalfield. m. geol. Surv. U.K. 85,xv+240pp., 7 pls.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFiona Mackenzie has greatly assisted in thepreparation of this article.Alan C. HowellBolton Museum and Art GalleryLe Mans CrescentBolton BL1 1SATypescript received 19 August 1985

Geological Curator, Voi.4, No.4, 1985, pp.215-216THE END OF A GEOLOGICAL ERA AT BRISTOLBY SUSAN SWANSBOROUGHForty-four years of combined geologicalexpertise will soon be lost at the City ofBristol Museum and Art Gallery as the Curatorof Geology, Dr Michael L.K. Curtis and theAssistant Curator, Dr Michael D. Crane, areboth to leave the museum world for pasturesnew. In the small world of museum geologistsin Britain, the almost simultaneous loss ofboth senior staff in a major museum can onlybe compared to the extinction of thedinosaurs!DR MICHAEL L.K. CURTIS PGSMicky Curtis came to the City of BristolMuseum as Curator of Geology in December 1951after completing his BSc and PhD at BristolUniversity. He was faced with the uphilltask of rebuilding the collections, depletedby the loss of an estimated 17,000 specimensthrough enemy bombing on the night of 24/25November 1940. Thousands of specimens werecollected from the local area, particularlyfrom temporary exposures such as motorwaycuttings and pipe trenches. He tackled thework single-handed for the first fifteenyears, but was assisted in later years,mainly hy Tom Fry, a renowned local collectorand part-time geologist at the museum.Micky is a curator in the true sense of theword; through his work, the collections atBristol are once again amongst the finest inBritain, with enviable storage and standardsof curation and documentation. Much of themuseum's international reputation rests onthe excellence of its geology collections.During thirty-four years of service togeology at Bristol Museum, Micky has seen andorohestrated great changes. It is a greatpersonal compliment that he persevered at therather unglamorous work of rebuilding thecollections and making proper provision fortheir housing, especially when he would havepreferred, like many curators, to placeemphasis on the more interpretive aspects ofmuseum work. It was always his belief thatwithout this provision the collections couldnot be used to their best advantage. Throughthese efforts his successor will find a veryfirm base on which to build.Micky is foremost a stratigraphicalpalaeontologist with particular interest inthe Lower Palaeozoic. The collectionsreflect both his interest and the richness ofthe Bristol district; the palaeontology ofthe Palaeozoic and Jurassic is particularlywell represented.From the outset Micky recognised theimportance of maintaining a good library and,through careful management of sometimes scantresources, he has maintained runs of journalsand high standards of book-binding and repair.In 1976 he oversaw the complete transform-Fig.1.Ur Michael L.K. Curtis FGS.ation of the Geology displays; hopefully thenew Mineral Gallery will have been completedin time for his leaving early in the new year.Two fossils have been named after him,thebrachiopod Eocoelia curtisi Zeigler, 1966(see Zeigler, A.M. 1966. Palaeontology, 9,537-538) and the trilobite Crassiproetus?curtisi Owens, 1973 (see Owens, R.M. 1973.British Ordovician and Silurian Proetidae,p.38. Palaeontogr. Soc. Monogr. 98pp, 15pls) .Early retirement will mean that Micky nolonger has to travel into Bristol each day bybus the many miles from his home in Berkeleyin Gloucestershire. He will be able to enjoyhis new-found freedom in his large gardenafter a distinguished career. We wish himwell for the years to come.BIBLIOGRAPHYCurtis, M.L.K. 1955. A review of pastresearch on the Lower Palaeozoic rocksof the Tortworth and Eastern MendipInliers. Proc. Bristol Nat. Soc. 291,71-78.Curtis, ?,f.J,.K., Donovan, U.T., Kellaway, G.A.and Welch, F.B.A. 1955. Geology, pp.3-33.McInnes, C.M. and Whittard, W.F. (eds.).Bristol and its adjoining counties.British Association for the Advancementof Science, Bristol, xiii + 335pp, 37pls.Curtis, M.L.K. 1956. Type and figured

specimens from the Tortworth Inlier,Gloucestershire. Proc. Bristol Nat.Soc. 29. 147-154.~ ~~urtis,~.~.~. 1958. The Upper Llandoverytrilobites of the Tortworth Inlier,Gloucestershire. Palaeontology, 1139-146, p1.29.Curtis, M.L.K. 1961. Lexique StratigraphiqueInternational. Europe Fasc. 3a[England, Wales and Scotland], pt. 3a, v[Silurianl. CNRS, Paris.Curtis. M.L.K. 1961. Ordovician trilobitesfrom the Valongo area, Portugal.Cheiruridae, Pliomeridae andDionidida~!. Bol. Soc. Geol. Port. 14,1-16, 4 pis.Curtis, M.L.K. and Cave, R. 1964. TheSilurian - Old Red Sandstoneunconformity at Buckover, nearTortworth, Gloucestershire. e.-- Bristol Nat. Soc. 30, 427-442.Curtis, M.L.K. (with J.D. Lawson and others).The Silurian Inliers of the-p---south-eastern Borderland.Geologists' Association Guide No.5.Curtis, M.L.K. 1968. The Tremadoc rocks ofthe Tortworth Inlier, Gloucestershire.---Proc. Geol. Ass. 79, 349-362, pls.,folding map.Curtis, M.L.K. 1972. The Silurian rocks ofthe Tortworth Inlier, Gloucestershire.Ibid. 83, 1-35, 2 pls., folding map.Curtis. M.L.K. 1972. Obituary. C .B .Salter.P~OC. Bristol Nat. SOC. 3i (2), 150.Curtis, M.L.K. 1978. The Fuller's Earthsuccession at Dvrham Park. SouthCotswolds. b. Cotteswold Nat. Fld37 (4), 23-30.G&,Curtis, M.L.K. and Taj.>r, M.A. 1985. A newspecimen of the fossil fish Eomesodon.South .- West Natural Science - CollectionsResearch m Ncwslcttg, 1 (3), 40-41.DR MICHAEL D. CRANE FLSAfter completing his doctoral research inpalynology at the University of Sheffield,Mike became Research Assistant to Prof. W.G.Chaloner at Birkbeck College (1912-1973) andthen an Assistant Curator at PortsmouthMuseum (1973-1975). He came to Bristol asAssistant Curator of Geology in 1975. Whileat Portsmouth Mike had develo~ed an interestin Tertiary palaeontology, an tnterest hemaintained when he moved to Bristol.However, his main work has been in thedocumentation of the collections, theirhistory and the work of the many peopleassociated with them.His expertise is not only confined to theorigins and associations of the geologycollections; his knowledge of the history ofthe museum is probably unrivalled and hisskill as an archivist has added much to thecentral museum historical files. It comes asno surprise, therefore, that he is presentlypreparing a popular illustrated history ofthe City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery.It is for family reasons that Mike hasdecided to leave the museum in October.However, he is going with the hope that, inthe long term, he will be able to write thearticles and hooks that he has previouslyonly had time to dream about. To lose Mikefrom the profession is a sadness but we wishhim luck in his new venture.SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHYCrane, M.D. 1974. H .L.F . Guermonprez1858-1924; a West Sussex naturalist.Portsmouth Citv Museums. 1000. 4 ~ls.Chaloner, W.G., ~ensah, M.K: an;i crane. M.D.1974. Non-vascular land plants from theDevonian of Ghana. Palaeontology, 17,929-946, pls.120-124.Getty, T.A. and Crane, M.D. 1975. Somebiographic and bibliographic notes onJ.W. ~lwes (?1850-?1890j.~ewsl. m.Curators a, (4), 165-169.Crane, M.D. and Getty, T.A. 1975. Anhistoricnl account of the palaeontologicnlcollections formed by R.W.lloolcv (1865-1923). Ihid. 170-179.Torrens, H.S., Getty, T.A. and Crane, M.D.1978. John William Elwes.(3), 117-120.Ibid. 2Crane, M.D. 1980. T.R. Fry collection.A handlist to an exhibition of selectedspecimens from Mr T .R. Fry's geolo~icalcollection. City of Bristol Museum andArt Gallery.Crane, M.D. 1980. Catalogue of type, figuredand cited fossils in the City of BristolMuseum and Art Gallery. Part 1,Plantae. Geol. Curator, 2 (81,Supplt, pp.1-17, i-iv.Crane, M.D. 1980. An annotated list ofmaterial in the City of Bristol Museumand Art Gallery collected by T.R. Fry.Ibid. 2 (9 & 10), 563-571.Crane, M.D. 1980. A well-preserved pliosaurskull from the Kimeridge Clay (Jurassic)of Westburv.

Geological W, Vol.4, No.4, 1985, pp.217-220GEOLOGICAL CONSERVATION ANDTHE NATURE CONSERVANCY COUNCILBY GEORGE BLACK1. INTRODUCTIONGeology is fundamentally a field science,dependent on the ability to collect specimensand data from the crust of the Earth. Rockoutcroos. . . natural or artificial. are the mostimportant source of these basic requirements,but their continued existence is increasinglyunder threat. For geology to progress, thelong-term survival of at least the mostsignificant exposures must somehow beguaranteed.All British governments have accepted thisneed for geological conservation since 1949.Accordingly their official conservationagency - originally the Nature Conservancy(1949-65), then the Nature Conservancycommittee of NERC (1965-73). and now, since1973, the Nature Conservancy Council - hasbeen given statutory Dowers and financialresources so that it can conserve thoselocalities needed by the geologicalcommunitv. The official conservation agency. -however, has also always had other,biological, responsibilities, and hastherefore had to seek a proper balancebetween the competing needs of geological andbiological conservation when devising itspolicies and allocating its resources.Recently there has been a growing concernamong geologists that geological conservationis neither accorded sufficient status norallocated a fair share of resources withinthe Nature Conservancy Council. Thisinferior status accorded to geology liesbehind the sequence of events chronicled inVo1.14, No.4 of the Geological SocietyNewsletter and in Vo1.4, No.3 of theGeological m. The present paperconfines its attention to NCC's presentpolicies and their consequences forgeological conservation.2. POLICYThe statutory basis of NCC policy derivesprincipally, but not entirely, from theWildlife and Countryside Act, 1981, and thesubsequent amending legislation. The way inwhich this policy is to be implemented is setforth at length in Nature ConservationGreat Britain (1984). --The Wildlife and Countryside Act is anattempt to enable biological conservation toinfluence and control a number of operations,carried out largely in the course of farmingand forestry, which are exempt from thecontrol through Planning Law provided by theNational Parks and Access to the CountrysideAct, 1949. The new Act greatly expands theNCC's powers, especially by enabling it toprohibit any activity it might care tospecify on a conserved site, subject only tothe payment of compensation for any loss ofprofit which might result. Further, the Actstipulates that, for every site, theConservancy must provide a list of'Potentially Damaging Operations' (PDO's),defining those which cannot be carried outwithout permission.This legislation, designed to meet the needsof the biologists, is far from being ofbenefit to geological conservation, whichcontinues tlo operate very much as beforethrough the Planning Law and consensus. Formost geological sites: the provision of alist of PDO's is not only an unnecessarywaste of time (and a diversion of alreadyinadequate resources), but is known tostimulate hostility among the owners andoccupiers of geological SSSIs - the verypersons whose much needed sympathy andco-operation have long been cultivated byNCC's geologists. The interests of geologywould be much better served if the clausewhich makes it mandatory for NCC to serve allowners and occupiers with a list of allegedlypotentially damaging operations were to heamended so that such a list was served atNCC's discretion. This point, however, wasnot pressed when the Act was amended earlierthis year.A second serious threat to geologicalfieldwork is posed by the manner in which NCCis currently implementing the Act. In thelist of Potentially Damaging Operations, one- No.27 - is concerned with preventing damageto scientific interest by visitors to SSSIs.There seem to be a number of variations; forinstance, in the papers served on one siteowner. PDO No.27 makes it an offence for theowners and occupiers of this biological SSSI.which is also used for geological fieldwork,to permit 'Recreational, research,educational or other activities likely todamage botanical or zoological interest'. Inthe papers served on another, PDO No.27 makesit an offence to permit 'Recreational orother activities likely to damage the floraand fauna'. I suspect that, in practice, PDONo.27 might well prove to have been widelyapplied to many SSSIs, both biological andgeological, in a form which owners caninterpret as prohibiting geologicalfieldwork. If so, geological fieldwork couldwell be prohibited over 108 of Britain - theproportion of the country that NCC's newpolicy intends to notify as SSSIs - thefigure rising to 20% or even more in theuplands, where the biggest biological SSSIsand the favoured geological fieldwork areasare concentrated. Owners and occupiers whoignore the provisions of PDO No.27 and give ageological party, or even a single geologist.permission to carry out fieldwork are now

liable to be treated as criminals and finedup to £1,000 for each offence.Another PDO - No.25 - prohibits the removalof all types of geological specimens, whetherrocks, minerals or fossils. Rarely,circumstances can be envisaged where it wouldbe essential to apply such a prohibition toensure the proper use of a very scarcescientific resource, such as a fcssiliferouscave earth, but the application of this PDOto the overwhelming majority of geologicalSSSIs would be highly inappropriate. Afterall, the prime function of geologicalconservation is to ensure the survival ofimportant outcrops so that they can be usedby geologists! I am certain that NCCgeologists are fully aware of the need toapply PDO No.25 only in the most exceptionalcircumstances. However, it is essential thatequal discretion be shown by the juniorregional staff who, following receipt oftheir geological colleagues' recommendations,actually draw up the site notification papersand serve them on the landowners andoccupiers. I am cocnerned that geologistsmight well be prevented from making properuse of some of the SSSIs specificallyconserved for their benefit through an overenthusiasticapplication of PDO No.25.Exemptions from the provisions of any PDO,known as 'Letters of Consent', can be grantedby NCC to owners and occupiers. However, theevidence so far to hand suggests that thesestipulate that owners and occupiers can onlygrant permission for education and researchfieldwork to persons who have already soughtand obtained a written NCC permit.The manner in which NCC is currentlyimplementing the Wildlife and Countryside Actwill have a far-reaching and adverse impacton all types of geological fieldwork. SSSIowners and occupiers, whose sympathiesgeologists have long cultivated, are beingalienated by the much greater restrictions(of little relevance to the true needs ofgeological conservation) imposed by the newSystem of site notification. Since thegranting of consent for fieldwork on abiological, or even on a geological, SSSI,subject to PDO No.27, can render the ownerand the occupier liable to criminalprosecution and to heavy fines, there willdevelop a natural predisposition to refuse,as a matter of course, all requests foraccess to such areas unless the applicantcarries a written permit from NCC. But,since SSSI boundaries are in practice unknownto almost all intending visitors, theexemption system can provide no real relief -party leaders and research workers will beunaware that they need to apply to NCC'sregional staff for the written permits beforethey can even approach the owners andoccupiers of the sites they intend to visit.The adverse effects of the unfair contracts,occupier's liability and safety legislationon geological fieldwork linger on but seemlikely to be dwarfed in the future by thoseof the Wildlife and Countryside Act.There are further equally damaging, butperhaps less obvious, consequences for%CC'sneoloeical conservation. which stem frompolicy statements~e conservation &--Great Britain (June 1984). The new policyadvocates the use of NCC's statutorv . DowersL - ---in a more aggressive and uncompromising waythan was hitherto customary; conservation isseen as an end in itself, and not as aservice provided to scientists or any othersection of the community. My fears in thisdirection have already been reported in theGeological Curator. Vo1.4, No.3, and sincetheir original statement, I have found muchto add to my concern, as the cases referredto below will show.Public reaction to NCC's new policy has beenmost forcibly expressed in the remotercommunities, where NCC intends that a largeproportion of the land should be conserved;as SSSI after SSSI is announced, the localpeople become progressively more fearful fortheir future prospects in the face of themounting restrictions on the use they canmake of their own land. They are aware thatthese restrictions are being imposed for thebenefit of outsiders - whether scientists ortourists is immaterial - and that theseoutsiders, in contrast to themselves, willnot suffer from any resulting 'conservationblight'. Compensation payments are nosolution as these are made only to landownersand occupiers. For instance, when NCC paidalmost 5500,000 to one landowner for notplanting trees on a bog, the people who wouldhave been employed planting those trees, andwho are now presumably in the dole queue, gotnothing. Similarly, the provisions for theestablishment of Marine Nature Reserves donot include the payment of compensation toany fishermen who might lose theirtraditional fishing grounds.It is not surprising, therefore, that theimplementation of NCC's current policies isalienating whole communities to conservationand to the establishment of any SSSIs,whether biological or geological. It is lesscertain how adverse the effects may be on thewelcome given to visiting geologists, asdistinct from conservationists, but I havealready heard the view expressed by thefactor of a large and geologicallysignificant estate that he was becoming moreand more reluctant to allow any scientificwork on his ground, for 'where the scientistsgo, the restrictions will follow'. If thisview becomes general, its implications forgeological fieldwork hardly need to be speltout.Moreover, harm is being done to geology andto geological conservation bp the activitiesof parts~of the biologically-dominatedenvironmental lobby, which seem happy just tocreate as much publicity as possible.Geology, however, is best served by a lowpublic profile. Experience shows that we canachieve better results with our site ownersthrough quiet discussions than we couldthrough highly publicised confrontations.There would be little to gain, and much tolose, from any of cur better-known geologistslying down in front of a bulldozer!On the other hand, it must be realised that

we are not exemot from the conseauences ofthe activities of 'the more extreme kembers ofthe biological lobby. An example has been~rovidedbv the recent. much--nublicisedreception &corded to ~r avid Bellamy and toJonathan Porritt (Director of the Friends ofthe Earth) by the people of Islay, whichfollowed similar 'non-welcomes' toconservationists in Orkney and the OuterHebrides. From my direct involvement, thiscase can provide a text-book example of themanner in which biologists, both within andoutside NCC, are attempting to implementcurrent conservation policy with totaldisregard for the consequences their actionsmight have for geology.Planning permission was sought in 1983 toextract peat (essential for Islay's stapleindustry of distilling) from part of a largebog; the area involved had already beendrained and, elsewhere, the bog supported anumber of active domestic and commercial peatbanks. The proposal was approved by theArgyll and Bute Planning Committee andDistrict Council, in both cases unanimously.XCC's response, however, was to notify thewhole area (including the existing workings)as a high-grade SSSI, justifying their actionSy in my opinion some very unconvincingscientific evidence; it then proceeded tooppose the proposed development, allegingamong other things that the bog wasundisturbed! A public inquiry resulted and,late in 1984, the Secretary of State rejectedthe conservation case and granted permissionfor the winning of peat. However, when workstarted this summer, Dr Bellamy and theFriends of the Earth refused to acce~theSecretary of State's decision and launched acampaign for its overturn. This included thecustomary prone protests on the site, whichwere countered by demonstrations by the Islaypeople, and culminated in a public meeting inBowmore, organised by the Friends of theEarth and to be addressed by Dr Bellamy.This meeting was attended by 25% of theisland's population, including their DistrictCouncillors, and its outcome can only beinterpreted as an overwhelming rejection ofconservation.The actions taken, firstly by NCC, and laterby Dr Bellamy and the Friends of the Earth,have thus done harm to conservation on Islayand beyond; in practice, it may now beunrealistic to expect the notification of anymore SSSIs in and around Islay in the face ofthe hostility of the local people and oftheir elected representatives - and Iunderstand that the geological sites in thisarea, identified and assessed by the GCR,have not yet been notified. Biologists, withaDDarent . . indifference. have bv their actionsseriously tl~r

Nature Conservation in Great Britain, whichhas statutory responsibilities for geology,it should act as a restraining influence onits biological allies, whenever their actionscould harm geological interests.Finally, the representations already made bythe Geological Society and by the Institutionof Geologists to the NCC, concerning the needfor a greater geological influence on themaking of policy and on its implementation,should be maintained.George Black107 Andover RoadNewburyBerkshire RG14 6JHTypescript received 14 August 1985Revised typescript received 15 September 1985THE NATIONAL SCHEME FORGEOLOGICAL SITE DOCUMENTATIONBY MICHAEL F. STANLEYMSC SCHEMESThe Manpower Services Commission, through itsCommunity Programme, is continuing to be usedby many museums for the documentation ofcollections. However. few Record Centresappear to be employing this form of temporarystaffing. In the early days of the NationalScheme manv centres solicited helo throuehJCP and its~successor STEP. perhaps it-istime for Record Centres once again to promoterecording schemes. I was asked by theConservation Committee of the GeologicalSociety to suggest an outline scheme whichRecord Centres could use as a model forsubmission. Below is my suggested formatwhich is emotively titled Heritage Recordingas this much overused and fashionable wordhas community connotations.The majority of application forms requirefinancial details of the proposed scheme,including equipment, travel costs andconsumables. These are obviously dependenton the number of staff, defined area ofrecording, current state of recording andavailability of facilities within the hostinstitution. My experience of MSC schemessuggests that it is essential to build intothe scheme a secretarial post or two totransfer data to cards or terminals.Finally, I cannot guarantee that RecordCentres will be granted a scheme but I amsure it is well worth trying for one!OUTLINE SUBMISSION TO MSCHeritage recordingThe natural and man-made heritage is fastdisappearing, especially that relating toland surface features and their underlyinggeological structure. This scheme isdesigned to retrieve information on thatheritage for posterity and to make itavailable independently for use by Nationaland local authorities, institutions, groupsand individual members of the public.Data gatheringA team will undertake a survey of the sitesin - [area] - including abandoned and workingquarries, pits and mines, natural exposures,aeomor~holoaical features, boreholes, roadcuttings and temporary exposures of pipelinetrenches and other excavations.This will be achieved by literature searchingfrom geological maps and their associatedmemoirs. Ordnance Survey maps, scientificpublications, from all of which an assessmentcan be made of the priorities for furtherfieldwork.Where possible the team will build oninformation already held in the GeologicalLocality Record Centre or, where one has notbeen designated, provide the impetus and datato create a GLRC. (This is obviouslydependent on the local situation.)The data collected will be recorded bynationally agreed standards and methods on toMDA A4 Summary Record sheets for (either)manual or computer filing and retrieval.StaffThe team will be based at - [GLRC or other1 -and will comprise - [number] - members(dependent on County area and its exposureavailability), one of whom will be supervisoron a day to day basis. Overall supervisionwill be the responsibility of the sponsor andthe GLRC staff. The team should ideally begraduate geologists with some experience in -[specialist area1 - geology (dependent ongeological basis i.e. geological periodexperience etc.) and should include -[number] - clerkltypists to transfer datafrom recording field slips to cards orcomputer terminal.Data useThe independent source of the data gatheredwill be available for use by:-

a) tctichers, lecturers and students, and toprovidc nn advisory service on thceducationnl uotential of sites, siteaccess and main features of interest(with later feedback concerningeducational use and suitabilitv) .b) planning departments for the productionof mineral assessment, waste disposal,reclamation, recreation, structure andlocal plans, and for public enquiries.C) the Nature Conservancy Council toprovide data on alternative sites and toupdate information on the condition andthreats to heavily used SSSIs or othervulnerable sites.d) individuals and voluntary groups forbone fide research and appeals againstplans and enquiries.e) county conservation trusts for theconservation potential and management ofsites.Known? --------c Literature search -IdentifyLInformatio? gathering+Data sheetspriorities -FieldworkFIELDWORK IN NATIONAL PARKSDr Eric Robinson, after a recent Geol. Soc.Conservation Committee meeting, discussed theproblems of access to National Parks bygeological parties. He has published a listof Youth and Schools Liaison Officers for theParks in the Geologists' Association Circular(January 19851, these being the people tocontact regarding problem areas (e.g.difficult farmers), and to discover whichlandowners to approach for permission tovisit particular sites. Most, if not all,officers will know their patches well andshould be able to direct visitors to new orimproved localities. It is pertinent toreproduce the list in the Geological Curatornot only for Record Centre staff but for themembership in general.Those Record Centre staff whose areas includeNational Parks could probably solicit fieldrecorders or new records by personal contactand perhaps even generate enough interest forPark Officers to initiate Record Centres orRecording Units.Brecon Beacons. Ms. R. White, AssistantInformation Officer, Brecon BeaconsNational Park, l Glamorgan Street, Brecon,Powys LD3 IDP (Tel. 0814 4431).Dartmoor. Mr T. Gant, Y. a S. LiaisonOfficer, Dartmoor National Park, Parke.Haytor Road, Bovey Tracey, Devon TQ13 9JQ(Tel. 0626 832093).Exmoor. Mr F .B. Pearce, Assistant VisitorServices Officer, Exmoor National Park,Exmoor House, Dulverton, Somerset (Tel.0398 23665).Lake District. Mr S. Drinkwater and Mr G.Wilson, Y. 81 S. Liaison Officer, LakeDistrict National Park, Brockhole,Windermere, Cumbria LA23 1LJ (Tel. 096623467). (Brockhole is a Geological LocalityRecord Centre.)North Yorkshire Moors. Dr R. Gulliver, TheMoors Centre, Danby, Whitby, NorthYorkshire Y021 2NB (Tel. 0278 60540).Northumberland. Mr A.J. Hopkins, Y. % S.Liaison Officer, Northumberland NationalPark, Eastburn, South Park, Hexham,Northumberland NE46 1BS (Tel. 0434 605555).Peak Park. Ms. Betsy Icing, Y. a S. LiaisonOfficer, Peak District National Park,Losehill HaLl Study Centre, Castleton,Sheffield S30 2WB (Tel. 0433 20313).Pembrokeshire Coast. Mr David Pratt, FieldServices Officer, Pembrokeshire CoastNational Park, County Offices,Haverfordwest, Dyfed SA61 142 (Tel. 04314591 ext.5132).Snowdonia. Mr Hugh Roberts, Y. a S. LiaisonOfficer, Snowdonia National Park.Penrhy kdeudraeth, Gwnedd ~~48.6Ls (Tel.0766 77 017A>. .,.Yorkshire Dales. Mr Timothy Haley, CentresSuperv isor. Yorkshire Dales National Park.Colvend, Hebdon Road, Grassington,Skipton, North Yorkshire BD23 5LB (Tel.0156 752748).Michael F. StanleyDerbyshire Museums ServiceJohn Turner House, ParkwayDarley Dale, MatlockDerbyshire DE4 2FWTypescript received 19 August 1985

LOST AND FOUNDCOMPILED BY MICHAEL D. CRANE AND HUGH S. TORRENSAbbreviationsBRIDSON et al. - Bridson. G.D.R., Phillips,V.C. and Harvey, A.P. 1980. Naturalhistory manuscript resources in theBritish Isles. Mansell PublishingCompany, London; Bowker, New York.CLEEVELY - Cleevely, R.J. 1983. Worldpalaeontological collections. BritishMuseum (Natural History) and MansellPublishing Company, London.DESMOND - Desmond, R. 1917. Dictionary ofBritish and Irish botanists andhorticulturalists. Taylor and Francis,London.GCG - Newsletter of the Geological Curators'Group, continued as The GeologicalCurator.120 Specimens from the BEAGLE voyagesGCG 3(2&3), 162GCG 4(3), 175Dr Gordon Chancellor (City of PeterboroughMuseum and Art Gallery) writes:'A great deal-of work has been done in recentyears by David Stanbury (GCG, 3(2&3), 162)and other Beagle experts in tracking downcollections made during the famous voyage of1831-1836. Much relevant information can beextracted from the first volume (already out)and the second volume (forthcoming) of theDarwin Correspondence, while the fate of allDarwin's collections is summarised by DuncanPorter in his chapter in The DarwinianHeritage (also forthcoming). In addition,papers by Smith and by Chancellor et al.dealing with aspects of Darwin's collectionswill appear in the BMCNH) Historical Seriesin 1986.I have been researching the geological workof Charles Darwin for a number of vears inconnection with my transcription forpul~licatio~~ ot' his Hcnglc ~~otcbooks. I lioprto suhmit this work to Cnmhridee Univ(!rsitvPress in not too many yearst time, but in themeanwhile I would be more than happy toprovide what information I can that is notalready given by the above authors and byCleevely .'152 Museum of Haslar Hospital, GosportGCG 4(3), 177A brief note in The Magazine of NaturalHistory, (1828) 1, 191, describes the Museumas occupying the upper of two rooms 'latelyerected' by 'the commissioners of HisMaiestv's . . victualline de~artment'. Thewriter comments '1

'Recently an intriguing specimen was broughtto The Australian Museum by a member of thepublic who had been a tourist in Britain.The specimen did not prove hard to identify,it is the femur of a plesiosaur 240mm long,but the intriguing thing was where it wasfound and how it got there. It was found bythe tourist adjacent to the shores of LochNess in Scotland. It was lying on a rock inbushes a few miles north of Castle Urquhart.This conjures up visions of the eveningtabloids splashing headlines all over theplace claiming the discovery of evidenceproving 'Nessie' is a plesiosaur. But I musthasten to add that the bone is a fossil andheavily permineralised: obviously not fromany post Mesozoic 'Nessie'. The specimen isreasonably clear of matrix, a small amount ofblue-grey .clay is evident on both ends and ithas a grubby appearance from apparentfrequent handling. We suspect it probablycomes from the Oxford Clay aroundPeterborough in Cambridgeshire but we cannotprove this.As to how it got to Loch Ness, we mustpresume someone put it there. But for whatreason? Did someone discard it because itwas 'hot' or was it a badly planned hoax? Ihope someone in Britain might be able to tellus more about it and for this reason I amincluding a photo which may help withidentification. It does not have any sign ofa collection number but I suspect it may havebeen in a collection of some sort. If anyonecan throw any light on the mystery we wouldvery much like to hear from them.'151 Mr and Mrs C.G. DANFORD (f1.1810~-1890sFig.1. Plesiosaur femur (see 156).Duffin published a lithograph and two pencilsketches of specimens presumed to be missingfrom the collection. The specimen consistingof the head and partial postcranial skeleton(Duffin 1979, P1.4, fig.B) had never been'missing' but was, at the time, on loan tothe National Museum of Wales, hence theoversight. This specimen (M 1414) has sincebeen returned to the Bath Geology Museum.The drawing of 'a very strange specimen'(P1.4, fig.A), probably a bind limb,corresponds to a specimen at Wisbech Museum,as pointed out by Monica Price. The specimenfigured with M 1418 (P1.3) remainsunaccounted for .'Duffin, C.J. 1979. The Moore collection ofUpper Liassic crocodiles: a history.GCG, 2(5), 235-252.156 A well-travelled plesiosaur femur (Fig.1)Robert Jones (Collection Manager(Palaeontology), Australian ~iseum, 6-8College Street, Sydney South, New South Wales2000) writes:In GCG, 4(1), 26 there was a reference to aC.G. Danford (d.1928) of Reighton Hall, andlater of Folltestone. T. She~~ard, writine in1928, described him as 'a keen naturalist andsportsman, and a great traveller'. He addedthat Danford was at one period 'interested invineyards in Hungary' and that 'he collecteda wealth of folklore and other informationrelating to Central Europe'. Sheppard alsorefers to Danford's interest in geology andzoology - he apparently made collections ofmammals which were presented to the BritishMuseum.Is this Danford related to the Mr and MrsC.G. Danford who were the dedicatees ofGeorge Maw's A monograDh of the genus Crocus,(London, 1886)? Thev travelled extensivelvin Asia Minor in the i870s, during which timeMrs Danford made important collections ofplants. Specimens were sent to J.G. Baker atthe Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and to GeorgeMaw. Two species were named in her honour,Iris danfordiae J.G. Baker and Crocusdanfordiae Maw .Sketches bv this Mr Danford were the basis oftopog~'npl~icul vigncttos in hlannfor~l wnn ilritisl~ Consul inTrnnsv1vani:i. iloumanin. ir~ 18'10. lle was nskilled ornithologist and was presumably theCharles George Danford who translatedGesa~n~oeltc ornithologischc unrl iaulirhc![Notcl; on sport and orni~l~ologyl hy

Fig. 2. Pulteney? manuscript, title page(see 159).Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, published1889.I would be grateful for any information onthe dedicatees of Maw's Monograph.Sheppard, T. 1928. In memoriam. C.G.Danford. Naturalist, W, 1928, 156M.D.C.H.S.T. has drawn attention to the followingobituary of Charles George Danford(1843-1928) taken from ibis, 1928, 539-540:'The death of Mr C.G. Danford, which tookplace at his home at Neufchatel, in theDepartment of Pas-de-Calais, France, on 27February last, removes one who was well knownto some of our older members as a fine fieldnaturalist and sportsman. He was a member ofthe Union from 1814 to 1899, when he resigned.Danford was born at Port Louis, in Mauritius,on 24 April 1843, so that he was nearly 85when he died. His father was William Danfordand his mother Henrietta Brownrigg. He waseducated at Merchison College, and wassubsequently at Trinity College, Cambridge.He was afterwards called to the Bar but henever practised his profession. In 1812 hewent to Transylvania, and again in 1814, inFig. 3. Pulteney? manuscript, advertisementpage (see 159).company with the late Mr J.A. Harvie Brown.In 'The Ibis' for 1875 will be found a jointpaper recording their experiences andcontaining an excellent account of the Birdsof that attractive district. But perhaps hisbest ornithological work was done in AsiaMinor, in the Cicilian Taurus, where he spentthe winter of 1815-6 and the early months of1879. The results of the first of theseexpeditions will be found in 'The Ibis' for1871 and 1878, that of the second in 'TheIbis' for 1880, but for some unknown reasonthis latter paper was left uncompleted.There are many of his bird-skins still in theBritish Museum collection, chiefly obtainedfrom the Seebohm collection. His only otherpublication was a translation of theill-fated Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria's"Jagden und Beobachtungen," issued in 1889 as"Notes on Sport and Ornithology, by HisImperial and Royal Highness the late CrownPrince Rudolf of Austria. Translated withthe author's permission by C. G. Danford."He presented the pair of Nutcrackers withtheir nest and eggs mounted in the exhibitionseries in the bird gallery of the NaturalHistory Museum, while his name iscommemorated in that of the Lesser SpottedWoodpecker of the Taurus Mountains, named byHargitt picus danfordi.

Fig.4. Pulteney? manuscript, first page ofIntroduction (see 159).Danford spent a great deal of the rest of hislife in Transylvania until the outbreak ofthe war, when he moved to the north ofFrance, where he remained till his death.Danford married in 1872 Antonette Emily,daughter of Prof. R. Dyce, of Aberdeen. Shedied shortly before her husband. They leavea daughter, Antonette Beatrice, who haskindly supplied much of the informationcontained in this notice, and a son, ColonelB .W .Y. Danford, R.E., D .S .O., at presentserving in Egypt, who has himself been amember of the Union since 1896.'From the information given there it seemsthat the palaeontologist of Reighton Hall andthe CO-dedicatee of Maw's Monograph are thesame. There are, however, still somediscrepancies and I would be grateful for anyfurther information, particularly on theknown or possible whereabouts of anycorrespondence or other papers of Mr and MrsC.G. Danford.M.D.C.158 Thomas Charles MAGGS (c.1824-1900) ofYeovil, SomersetCLEEVELY, p.193Fig. 5. Pnlteney? manuscript, sample page oftaxonomic descriptions (see 159).In 1881 James Buckman (1814-1884) described anew species of Inferior Oolite ammonite fromDorset and Somerset as Ammonites manseliiBuckman n.sp. (9. J1 aeol. Soc. Lond. 37,64). Rut his description was verygeneralised and he spoke only of 'severalexam~les' without fieurine anv. In 1882 hisson S.S. Buckman Tl860-11929j redescribed thisspecies as Sphaeroceras mansellli (sic) (J.Buckman) and noted that 'two fine soecimenswere obtained from this place [Chatcornbe,near Sherhornel by T.C. Maggs Esq. I do notknow of any other specimens' (a. J1 m.--Soc. Lond. 37, 597-598).. . .These two soecimens were ~rooerlv discussedby S.S. ~uikman in a secqnd paper in 1882(=c. Dorset nat. Hist. antiq. Fld Club, 4,141-142, p1.2, fig.3a, b) which also includedthe first figures, hut of only one of thespecimens. Of these two specimens one hassince been located bv Colin Parsons in theS.S. Buckman colleciion (no.418) at theBritish Museum (Natural History). The otherspecimen, the one figured, remains 'lost' andis sought by Dr A. Galacz, InstitutumPalaeontologicurn, Lorand Eotoos University,Kun BQla Te'r. 2, H-1083 Budapest, Hungary.T.C. Maggs - the' collector - is aninteresting character whose career issummarised by Torrens (1978. Proc. Dorset

- nat. &t. archaeol. &. 98, 38-39). In1885. some time after a scandalous court casein 1875 which involved the brother of theauthor of Lorna Doone, Maggs' collection wasdivided between the Dorset County Museum andthe well-known Weymouth dealer Robert Damon(1814-1889). it was from the latter thatS.S. Buckman was able to purchase some of thebest of Maggs' ammonites. After the courtcase Maggs moved to Clarendon Villas, WestBrighton, Sussex, though he died at RichmondHill in Surrey. In view of this and theknown wide dispersal of the Maggs collectionthe figured specimen sought by Dr Galaczcould be anywhere! Information would be mostwelcome.H.S.T.159 Richard PULTENEY (1730-1801)BRIDSON et al., numerous referencesCLEEVELY, p.238DESMOND, p.507W. John Quayle (51 Whites Road, Bitterne,Southampton) writes:'Just recently a manuscript dated 1776 andbelieved to have been written by R. Pulteney(1730-1801) was found in a second-handbookshop in Southampton. The mansucript isbound between boards, with string hinges anda hand-written label on the spine. This hasfaded, but the title can still be read -Manuscript Book on Shells. The book is 8vo ofapproximately 330 pages in the followingorder:Title page (Fig.2) - 'A System ofConchology containing the Species ofShells according to the Method ofLinnaeus . . JAdvertisement (Pig.3). 3ppIntroduction (Fig.41, 14ppGeneral, 5ppReferences, 4ppPages headed Testarum, 4ppGlossary, llppTable of essential characters. 2ppDescriptions of 835 species of shells(Fig.5). The date Jan 31, 1776 appearsat the bottom of the first blank pagefollowing the descriptions. This is inthe same hand as the rest of the text.The manuscript has been seen by staff at theBritish Museum (Natural History) and selectedphotostat pages were sent to P. Dance, whosuggested that it might be by R. Pulteney.The volume has been compared with knownexamples of Pulteney's work and it seems thatboth the format and handwriting fit well.Can anyone give any information on otherPulteney manuscripts on conchology, and onthe possible historic or taxonomicsignificance of this volume? Any help inconfirming it to be the work of Pulteneywould be of great value.'H.S.T. writes: 'The most useful cache ofPulteney MSS is that presented to the LinneanSociety in 1953 (see Proc. Linn. Soc. Land.171 (l), 15-26 (1960). A study of thisarchive may yield more data about hisconchological activities.

Light, R.B. and Roberts, D.A. (eds.). 1984.Microcomputers in museums. Occasional% 7, 78pp. Price E6 (C5 to MDA members)(paperback).I had bought this report before I receivedthe review conv and. I susuect like mostrecipients, I scanned quickly through thesections of immediate interest before placing -it on the shelf for periodic reference.Having had to read it from cover to cover forthis review I now realize how much I missedand just how much insight this team ofauthors shows. There can be few professionsas small ab ours so well served in this vitalarea of new technology and, whether theflickering cursor is a regular irritant ofdaily routine or a remote electronic miracle,there will be few museums it will notilluminate in the next decade. The authorsand editors of this report have setthemselves the task of preparing a nontechnicalintroduction to microcomputersystems and their vocabulary as a prelude toa treatment of their potential in museums.Have they succeeded and, perhaps moreimportantly, have they argued the case in away that will attract the uninitiated intothe subject?First it should be said that a completebeginner would have no difficulty understandingwhat is being read. Each newlyintroduced concept is underlined andimmediately explained, a practice maintainedthroughout the text; in this way types ofcomputers, their essential components, theiroperation, and the programs that make themoperate quickly become familiar. This is theessential background to any understanding ofmicrocomputers tackled in dozens, if nothundreds of books, but here done withconsiderable conciseness and clarity.It is sections 5 to 9, covering applications,museum needs, acquiring a system, solutionsto problems, and user experience, which areits main original contribution to museumliterature and the real claim on thecurator's attention. In my view it more thanjustifies the effort because it is firmlyrooted in common sense and experience and theadvice given is absolutely sound; indeed theinspissate wisdom in some throwaway linesjustifies a fuller treatment at times.Table I in section 5 (potential applications)lists almost fifty uses of microcomputerswithout any claim to comprehensiveness. Fewmuseums active in this field could claim evenhalf of them, yet all are relevant. Thesize, cost, and operating requirements ofsystems to perform a variety of basic tasksis given. If you are moving over tocomputerized documentation this is exactlywhat you need to know, and you ignore thissection at your peril.Section 6 on relevant museum requirements isa clear approach to the management of changeinvolved if evaluation shows that a microcomputersystem can perform a standardprocedure better. It counsels realism infields where many museums have blundered intoimpasse. One person should be responsiblefor co-ordinating investigations; choosesoftware with care and an eye to support anddocumentation, then look at possiblehardware; examine expandability of anysystem established with initial unavoidableconstraints; if a large multi-user system isacquired without a man to go with it thensystem management, system development, andday-to-day operating problems inevitablyarise. These are just a few examples of thesound advice here.Section 7 on buying and running a systembarely wastes a word. If you are buying asystem read it with care. The legal adviceaspects, the care needed in ensuring thatqrcotations include clverything roluvtmt, theinadvisability of acc!epting an autllority'spurchasing policy where it results in anunsuitable machine and prejudices what is formost museums a massive investment ofcuratorial effort worth tens, if not hundredsof times the initial purchase price, theseare matters of such overriding importancethat they cannot be overemphasizied. Howoften have committees and trustees balked atthe annual 10 - 15% of purchase pricemaintenance contracts? Once committed to thecomputer solution there is no going back;the financial commitment is permanent andneeds to be understood before embarking onthis course.Section 8 gives three examples of possibleuses of the technology (actual to manymuseums) - object documentation being themost important.Again throwaways Like 'it isimportant that any software used at the dataentry stage does not artificially limit ordistort . . . .. content' are so vital. If onlythey had been pushed with authority say fiveyears ago, how many fewer would our problemshave been.The museum experience section and the sources(organisations, journals, other literature.software and hardware) are useful additionsthough they generate in me a measure ofunease which I will enlarge on in a moment.The index is excelle~t, a model of its kind.Any criticisms? Yes, a few, but these areminor and the most important is beyond thescope of this work. The literary style ismechanical and humorless; it might have beencreated by a machine of the kind described(though it probably results from tightediting of material from five authors).Pictures (there are none) would help thebeginner to recognize what he sees in hisfirst sorties into hardware. What does amicroprocessor lock like; or come to that acommunication port? If we are told not toskimp on consumables like diskettes, why notcite examples of the best?Perhaps the most depressing consequence ofreading this report is the implication ofexercising the choice of the advice on

software and hardware listed in section 10.It will lead to a new generation of problemsthat will require a new report entitledsomething like 'Harmonization of museumdocumentation systems' sometime within thenext decade. Why doesn't someone (with thejudgement of a Solomon of course) write itnow and have done with it: a handful ofdocumentation system options, a handful ofcompatible software systems suitable forthem, and the machines to run them on. Thedream of a national inventory articulated asone of the earliest and purest objectives ofthe Museums Association might then become thereality that gives museums their professionalrole somewhere near the centre of theinformation revolution.For an investment of E6 this excellentdocument may start you on that road. Nomuseum with serious intentions in the fieldof computerization can afford to ignore it.Philip S. DoughtyUlster MuseumBotanic GardensBelfast BT9 5ABMurray, J.W. (ed.). 1985. Atlas ofinvertebrate macrofossils. Longman and thePalaeontological Association, London, xiii +241pp. Price: €13.95 (paperback).Judging by the rich variety of articles thatappear in the Geological Curator, the work ofa museum geologist can encompass virtuallyany aspect of science, art, history, andtechnology. One must assume that thesearticles have been researched and preparedduring 'business hours' and are thereforeregarded, at least by the authors concerned,as being part of normal curatorial duties.As this sphere of interest becomes everwider, so the definition of 'normalcuratorial duties' becomes ever broader. Theprocess is self-fuelling. If one stops toconsider this situation. it is inevitablethat one eventually asks the fundamentalquestion - What is the central function of ageological curator?Charles Waterston began to answer thisquestion, at least for one branch of thescience, in his 'Unique role of the curatorin palaeontology' (Waterston 1979). He saidthat this function 'is to acquire andmaintain collections of fossil material forfuture study'.This has it in a nutshell.Further, he said that 'The curator . . . mustpursue his Iacquisitionl policy unswervinglyand yield to pressures for other servicesonly in so far as he can provide them withoutprejudicing the well being of the collectionswhich he holds in trust for futuregenerations'. Notice his emphasis onacquisition and maintenance, rather than,say, research and display.In the Guidelines for curation ofgeological materials (Brunton et al. 1985) wedevelop this theme further and detail theextent-of the curator's responsibilitiestowards palaeontological collections. Inparticular, we provide an approach to theclassification and nomenclature of fossilswhich we regard as part of the philosophy acurator should adopt. On classifications,for example, we recommend that curators 'useor erect classifications which are likely tostand the test of time and be subject tominimal academic change due to reinterpretationor fashion. Favour those which,even assuming change, will continue to bemeaningful to workers for many years to come,e.g. published works'. On the identificationof fossils, the Guidelines 'do not giveadvice on how to identifv oarticularspecimens, but here emdhisize the importanceof obtaining specialist assistance.curator cannot expect to identify accuratelyall the species in his care and we recommendthat a policy be adopted whereby museumsengage specialists from universitydepartments or other museums . . . .'.In essence then, it is the classification ofspecimens which is nearer to the centralfunction of a geological curator than isspecimen nomenclature; I believe this stressto be all-important to a thorough understandingof one's role in the museum. It isfor this reason that I attach greatsignificance to the reference sources usedfor classifications, and to the datastandards used for the documentation ofclassifications. In practice (and again aswe recommend in the Guildelines) thepublished work regarded as the authority onthe classification and nomenclature ofinvertebrate fossils is the multi-volumeTreatise on invertebrate paleontology. Everymuseum geology department should have a copy,but there are unfortunately several problemswith the Treatise. First, it is large andexpensive, even ignoring the fact that someparts are now out of print. Secondly, it isnot the easiest of references to use,especially for the non-specialist curator whonevertheless needs a gross classification toorganise his collection properly. Thirdly,and most relevant in the present context, isthat its taxonomy gradually becomes out ofdate. We argue in the Guidelines that thisdoes not matter because, even with change, it'will continue to he meaningful' and 'usefuland valid'. If the rugose corals are nowregarded as a subclass rather than an order,it really doesn't matter; no-one will beconfused by the retention of the formerclassification.In view of these problems, a case forreplacing the Treatise as a reference formuseum classifications could be argued andthe Geological Curators' Group might have thetask of defining the brief. Such a briefmight say something about a complete thoughconcise classification: about fineillustrations; about authoritativeauthorship; and about a worldwide approach.It was with great interest therefore that Ifirst read of-the imminent publication of the-- Atlas of invertebrate macrofossils, whichseemed to be the ~roduct of iust such abrief. Could this-he the answer to thecurator's prayer? Well, to be fair, I shouldsay that it was never meant to be (the GCGA

did not write the brief) but I have chosen topreface my review in this way because the- Atlas is of such obvious potential relevanceto a curator in charge of palaeontologicalcoLlections, even if it was not specificallydesigned for him. I cannot assume, though,that all curators will view the relevance andpotential from the same angle as myself:hence my protraction.To begin then, at the beginning, thehas been published as a collaborative effortbetween Longman and the PalaeontologicalAssociation. It is one of a series, thefirst three volumes being Atlas ofrock-forming minerals in thin section, Atlas- of igneous rocks and their textures, and-- Atlas of sedimentary rocks under themicroscope. This book has been edited byProfessor John Murray of Exeter Universityand represents the joint effort of fourteenauthors; its stated purpose is to 'providean illustrated classification of the majormacrofossil groups'. Whilst the preface doesnot exactly define the intended audience, itdoes refer to 'the student of palaeontology'and 'undergraduate courses'; in addition,the publicity leaflet includes 'biologistsand amateur palaeontologists'. There arenine chapters, namely: Introduction;Sponges, chaetetids and stromatoporoids;Cnidaria; Bryozoa; Brachiopoda; Mollusca;Echinodermata; Graptolithina; andArthropods. In addition, there is a SelectedList of References, and a Taxonomic Indexlisting all the taxa represented in theAtlas. Within these taxa more than 900genera are covered. Perhaps the outstandingfeature of the book is the quality of theplates, consisting of 'over 1400 originalphotographs' which are quite the best I haveseen at almost any level of publication (farbetter, incidentally, than those reproducedon the advertising leaflet). It is a pitythat the plates are identified only by anumber, which means that the reader mustalways refer to the text paragraph with thesame number in order to discover the genus orspecies name. I found this irritating. Moredisturbing is the way the plates have beenlaid out. Each plate (i.e. each photograph)has been prepared so as to have a blackbackground. The regular distribution ofthese plates on the page has produced aEridylike effect of black sauares on a whitegackground, the result being a rathernauseous optical illusion of shifting blackspots at the intersections of the whitemargins. If one can ignore this, the superbquality of the photography is a delight.The chapters, naturally enough, vary in sizeaccording to the importance or size of thegroups covered. For example, the trilobitesget twenty-three pages, the ammonitestwenty-eight, and the poor gastropodstwelve. Down to class or subclass level.each taxon is introduced by a discussionwhich usually includes one paragraph on the'diagnostic features' of the group aidanother on the 'basis for subdivision'.Where the group atlows it, there is anartificial key as an identification aid. Ifound these introductory parts uneven andinconsistent (largely, I suppose, a reslllt ofinadequate briefing of the authors). Thetrilobites, corals, and bivalves for exampledo rather well, while the brachiopods,gastropods, and graptolites leave somethingto be desired.The hulk of text is, of course, taken up withthe generic descriptions. Each is seriallynumbered and headed by the genus name,author, and date. The numbers mirror thosewith the plates and are decimal along thelines of Hey's Mineral index. Unfortunatelyfor the curator, the numbers relate to thechapters and not to each of the major taxa -thus there is no number for the orderAmmonitida or the prosobranch subclass of thegastropods. This only matters in that thenumbering system cannot usefully be turnedinto a coded museum classification in thesame manner as Hey. A more general criticismis the confusion caused by figures within thetext being referred to by the same style ofnumber. In the cephalopod section, forinstance, there is a PI. 6.17.16 and a Fig.6.17.16; worse, they each have an A and Bdivision. This could easily have beenavoided. Each genus is described by a fewlines of text in a similar fashion to theTreatise. There is some inconsistency informat, but generally the stratigraphic andgeographic ranges are given, together withthe name of the species represented in theaccompanying plate, its range, locality, andsize. I am sorry to see that specimenidentity numbers and holding institutions arenot given, though at this level ofpublication, their inclusion is certainlyarguable.I must now say that 1 cannot ascertain thebasis upon which the genera have beenchosen. The choice can hardly be said tomeet the aspirations of the editor. who saysin his preface 'in most cases, identificationto generic level will be possible'. I cannotsee how, since the editor himself confessesthat there are tens of thousands of genera.and in chapter 5 L.R.M. Cocks says that thereare 'more than 3400 brachiopod genera known. . . and the selection of only just over 100genera for inclusion in this book can only bearbitrary'. Well, not quite in thisparticular case since, in the brachiopodsection, the vast majority of genera are wellillustrated by British or at the very leastEuropean forms, a choice well made. Incontrast, the order Temnopleuroida,consisting of mainlv Asian and southernhemisphere genera-is included in theEchinoidea, whereas the order Physomatoidea,much more relevant to Britain and Europe, isleft out.If the Atlas cannot be recommended as acomprehensive identification guide, then I amafraid it cannot be recommended as a comprehensiveguide to classification either.Although some forms have been included whichclearly illustrate the wide range ofmorphological types in certain taxa, thereare too many others that have been omittedwhich could have contributed to a morecomplete manual. There is no overall schemeof classification presented either as anintroduction to the whole or, except in

the briefest of wavs. . . to some of theconlponent sections. Thc introduction to theEchinodcrmatn, for uxample, refers to thesu~ernhvlum 1)exiothetica as consistinc of thcchordates plus echinoderms'. khat are'group chordates' and why does the nottell me? The whole lavout of the book I feelacts against a clear understanding of theclassification of the genera represented.If I were to justify a recommendation to buythis book. I would do so on the followinggrounds: first, the plates are very fine andare a useful reference; second, and despitemy criticisms, many of the commoner Britishgenera are included and are more attractivelypresented than in the BMNH British FossilHandbooks (which at £12.50 for a cased setrepresents only a £1.45 saving). TheTaxonomic index of the is very usefuland allowed a rapid result in the case of avolunteer in mv museum who was unfamiliarwith ~ctinocamax and who otherwise would havehad to take pot luck with finding the name inthe BMNH Handbooks. Curators are not abovesuch problems. In general, I would advisecurators to obtain a quantity of the Atlas toretail from their bookshop and to obtain acopy from this stock by whatever means theyhave at their disposal.REFERENCESBrunton, C.H.C.,Besterman, T.P. and Cooper,J.A. (eds.). 1985. Guidelines for*Curation of Geological Materials.Geological Society, London, Misc. Pap.17.Waterston, C.D. 1979. The unique role ofthe curator in paleontology.Bassett, M.G. (ed.). Curation ofa.palaeontological collections. Spec.Palaeont. 22, 103-125.John A. CooperBooth Museum of Natural HistoryBrighton BN1 5AAKnight. H.A. 1984. Carnosaur. Star Books(Paperback Division of W.H. Allen Co.),214pp. Price: £1.95 (paperback).Honestly. I don't normally buy books likethis. It was an icy morning. I was immersedin museology, and the girl in front of me atthe Leicester newsagent had just bought thelast copy of The Times; so it was almostwithout thinking that I saw a hook with anice academic title like Carnosaur and boughtit forthwith, there being few adult booksabout dinosaurs.It is certainly for adults, as I should haveguessed from the cover - a large hand(Megalosaurus), with distinctly unhygienicnails, groping through a doorway. On theback the blurb summons up dire visions,'.... Its breath foul. Its claws capable ofripping a human being apart in the time ittakes to blink. For 150 million years itruled the world. And now it's back -CARNOSAUR. From the author of SLIMER'.'Appalling nastiness!' was The Times verdict.And so it is. Nevertheless, one can admirethe basic simplicity of the formula. The oldadage has it that all good stories havemystery, sex, aristocracy, and religion;Carnosaur follows it precisely, to the pointof substituting the mass media as the newopium of the masses. The hero and heroineare both journalists, by the way - George,Georgina, and the Dragons? Museums andacademics do not feature at ail exceot forthe obligatory Dr Frankenstein type. As forthe BM(NH):'Inside the tank the crew debated whether ashell from their 20mm cannon would penetratethe dinosaur's natural armour or whether theyshould try to kill the thing at all. It wasobviously herbivorous and might not presentany threat to human life. The task commanderwas about to suggest they wait until thescientist arrived from the Natural HistoryMuseum, when the dinosaur jumped to its feetand charged themf.Obviously they needed an Area Museum Servicegeologist!Scientifically Carnosaur is very up-to-dateand I must here condole Mike Benton, whoserecent article on dinosaur cloning (NewScientist, 105, 41-43) has been so brutallyoreemoted; The book is in fact ratheravant-garde in certain areas, notably in itsassertion that Cambridge undergraduates (inthis case Melissa, charlotte, and Roger) formpart of the diet of plesiosaurs - althoughthis does fit in rather well with the conceptof the larger forms as neneralist oredators.L ~~~Indeed, ~irnosaur is tz be commended forfollowing the latest work in functional'...the creature charged him. Emitting anear-splitting screech it covered the 10 feetwith just two strides of its powerful hindlegs. The claws on its forelegs graspedCartwright by the shoulders and lifted himinto the air. At the same time one of thehind feet rose up and slashed him down thelength of his body. The scythe-like middleclaw opened up Cartwright from neck to groinbefore he even realised what was happening'.'...The creature's head suddenly moved intohis field of vision. It was bending overhim. As the head came closer he felt its hotbreath on his neck and Cartwright knewnothing more.'After such a cutting description ofDeinonychus it seems churlish to complainabout the lack of references or index.Instead, I am now left with a growing fearabout just why children are so fond ofdinosaurs, and life will never be the sameagain.Michael A. TaylorArea Museum Council for the South-WestCity of Bristol Museum and Art GilleryQueen's RoadBristol BS8 1RL

NOTES AND NEWSCOMPILED BY TONY CROSS AND PETER R. CROWTHERGEOLOGICAL MIJSI

COLLECTIONS INFORMATION NETWORK:GEOLOGY (CING)During his term of office as GCG Recorder,Alan Howell (Bolton Museum) suggested that itwould be useful to set up an 'ad-hoc'information network of geologists throughoutthe country to act as local watch-dogs ongeological matters. These persons wouldsupply the Recorder with information aboutcollections, sites, dubious museum visitors,etc. if they felt that they needed somesupport from GCG, or if the data would be ofuse to other members of the geological museumprofession. The Recorder would thus be in aposition to keep GCG committee up-to-datewith local events, and in turn would pass onrelevant committee decisions to the network.It is envisaged that participants in thescheme would normally not have much to do!However, GCG committee may require themoccasionally to act as a local GCGrepresentative at meetings when a geologicalopinion (with the added weight ofrepresenting the national body) may bereauired.If anyone wishes to formallvparticipate in the network, please conjactthe Recorder, Don Steward, at the addressgiven on the inside front cover of theGeological Curator. CING already has'field-agents' in Perth, Bolton, Leicester,Cardiff and Newham, but obviously the morepeople providing information, the better theability to respond to matters that may affectgeological material.Dare it be said . . . . . ......p lease CING out about threats togeological material!IRISH SOILS DISCLAIMEREileen Parley (Geological Curator, NationalMuseum of Ireland) contributes the following:I wish to draw your readers attention to anerroneous statement published in Sheets of--many colours - the mappin< of Ireland's rocks1750-1890 by Gordon L. Herries Davies (1983:Royal Dublin Society Aistorical Studies inIrish Science and ~echnoloev. 4). In thisbook Dr Herries Davies cla&& that a largecollection of soil samples lies 'unopened inthe geological store of the National Museumof Ireland'. The soil samples were collectedin the 1840s and 1850s by officers of theGeological Survey of Ireland, having been sodirected by the Chief Commissioner of Woods.They were lodged in the Museum of IrishIndustry whose then Director, Robert Kane,had requested this collection both fordisplay and 'chemical examination'. TheMuseum of Irish Industry was abolished in1867 and a portion of the zoologicalcollections was brought over to the NaturalHistory Museum on 25 September of that year.Their rock and mineral collections (alsobrought over to the Natural History Museum)are still extant, but there is no record ofthe date of transfer. The building in whichthe Museum of Irish Industry had been housedwas converted into the Royal College ofScience.Research into the fate of the soil sampleshas revealed that a room full of Museum ofIrish Industry soil samples and sieving andgrinding equipment existed in the College ofScience in the 1950s. These were thendisposed of without consultation with theNational Museum as space was at a premium.Therefore it appears that none of theoriginal Geological Survey samples now existand, as far as our records can prove, theywere never housed in the National Museum ofIreland.GEOLOGICAL SITE CLEANING AND THE NCCMany GCG members will already have seen theleaflet Practical geological conservationproduced last year by the NCC'sInterpretative Branch. Its content may havecaused a few raised eve-brows: severalmembers of the ~~~'s-~eolo~icil ConservationReview team express their own reservations asfollows:'We feel that some comments are required onthe leaflet Practical geologicalconservation. While the fostering of agreater sense of responsibility towardsieoloeical sites is laudable, the~mplic~tions of some of thestatements andsuggestions in the leaflet are alarming. Inparticular, we have reservations about theblanket suggegtion that volunteers should goout and 'clear' sites. It would beundesirable to have inexperienced peoplegoing in with 'garden tools' to many sites,particularly to those with mineralogical orpalaeontological interest, or which showdelicate sedimentoloeical or structuralfeatures. The resuiting damage might well beirrevocable. Also, the suggestion that'loose debris' should be cleared away fromthe rock face of any geological exposure as amatter of course is the height ofirresponsibility, since one of the best waysof minimising damage to sites is, whereverpossible, to collect only from such debris.If this debris has been completely cleared,visitors will be compelled to attack the rockface to obtain their specimens, therebyshortening the life-expectancy of the site.Even the removal of unsightly or apparentlyuseless debris might be inadvisable, astalus-slopes can provide a means of examiningotherwise inaccessible parts of the rockface. Moreover, the unsupervised excavationof, often unstable, scree material can beextremely hazardous. If such 'geologicalgardening' was done by every party visiting asite, the number of accessible field sites ingood condition would be rapidly depleted.Another statement which might worry GCGmembers who have co-operated with the NCC onsite-cleaning projects is that the work isusually undertaken 'to provide outcrops foreducational fieldwork'. They would probablybe less willing to help us if they thoughtthat sensitive sites were being excavatedonly so that hordes of students could be letloose on them. The leaflet is misleading onthis point as, in fact, about three-quarters(146) of the 200 or so sites cleaned by theNCC have been excavated primarily to

facilitate research projects. Such researchis a vital part of the site-selectionprocedure of the Geological ConservationReview Unit, enabling a more rationaldecision to be made as to whether or not asite merits SSSI status. Even withestablished SSSls, such excavations can havean important role in providing additionalscientific justification for their long-termconservation. Among the better knownprojects of this type are Bearsden(Carboniferous vertebrates, 1982).Puddlebrook (Carboniferous floras. 1982/84),Devil's Hole (ORS palaeoenvironments,1981/83), Swanscombe (Pleistocenestratigraphy, 1982), as well as the worksundertaken for the IUGS subcommissions onSllurian and Cerboniferous stratigraphy(1978/85 and 1981, respectively). The NCC isprincipally concerned with protecting itsnetwork of SSSIs and nature reserves and,therefore, most site-cleaning has to bedirected towards these. This is not to denythe importance of establishing educationaltrails; if properly planned andco-ordinated. thev can relieve nressure onthe more sensitive SSSIs. ~ow&rer, the NCCis not an educational organization and so canonly direct a limited proportion of itsfacilities towards such work.As members of the GCR Unit who have beeninstrumental in organizing the 'main-line'site cleaning of the NCC, and who hope tocontinue with this important activity in thefuture, we feel that it is important to makethese points clear. We all have a part toplay in geological conservation, and thesuggestion that interested persons monitorany sites in their area is certainly a usefulone. However, it must be emphasised thatdirect action on a site requires input fromspecialists who are familiar with itsparticular interest and should be undertakenonly after careful consideration.We hope that these comments will reassure anygeologist who was thinking of co-operatingwith us, but was afraid of the possibleconsequences of our work.'C.J. Cleal, S.I. Jusypiw, K.M. Evans, M.A.Rowlands, D .R. BridglaudGeological Conservation Review UnitNature Conservancy CouncilPearl House, Bartholomew StreetNewbury, Berkshire RG14 5LSTHE RUTLAND DINOSAURPreparation of Britain's most completedinosaur skeleton is nearing completion atLeicestershire Museum. Found at GreatCasterton, Rutland, in 1968, the skeleton isthat of a Cetiosaurus, a sauropod dinosaur.The Leicester specimen was an animal 14metres long, 3 metres high and weighing 9tonnes; it lived about 165 million yearsago. It has taken four vears to oreuare thesgeleton by removing four tonnes'of 'ironstone, in which the hundreds of fragmentsof bone were encased. The missing pieges(including the skull and tip of the tail)have been modelled by comparison with similardinosaurs in France, Morocco and the USA, aswell as elsewhere in Britain. In addition tobeing the most complete dinosaur yet found inthe UK, the Rutland dinosaur is the mostcomplete Cetiosaurus found anywhere (andprobably the oldest) and so is important forestablishing the evolution and classificationof sauropods.Dinosaurs of any kind are extremely rare inBritain, and this will be the first-everBritish sauropod dinosaur to be mounted forexhibition as a complete skeleton. Alongwith other vertebrate fossils from LeicestershireMuseums' collections, the RutlandDinosaur Exhibition will be opened at New WalkMuseum, Leicester on Saturday 9th November1985 by Janet Ellis of BBC TV 'Blue Peter'.Further information from John Martin, Keeperof Earth Sciences, Leicestershire MuseumsService. Tel: (0533) 554100 extn. 263.ORDER YOUR 'GUIDELINES' NOW!Howard Brunton points out that it isimportant for GCG members to take advantagequickly of the 'members discount' price forGuidelines, as set out in the leafletenclosed. Copies with the folder are limitedto 500 in this first edition, so get yourorder in fast - before they are all soldelsewhere !AMSSEE TRAVELLING GEOLOGY CURATORThe Area Museum Service for South EasternEngland has recently appointed a peripateticgeology curator whose main purpose is toadvise and help member museums on the careand use of geology collections. Simon Knellhas been appointed for one year from 9September 1985; he will he based at theGeological Museum, London. His brief is tosurvey and record geolog~ collections in theAMSSEE area; advise on-and assist with theiridentification, ordering and storage; adviseand assist with the conservation and care ofcollections; advise on the best use anddisplay of specimens; prepare a report onthe project; maintain close liaison withGeology Museum/BM(NH) staff, the AMSSEEMuseums Adviser and London Museums Officer.geology museum staff in the area, and theGeology Curators' Group; and provide regularreports to the Project Steering Group. Simonwould welcome any information on uncuratedcollections in the AMSSEE area, and any othercomments GCG members may care to make aboutthe creation and function of this new post.Plans are being prepared for the 5th Editionof the Directorv of Paleontologists of theWorld to be published by the International~alaeontological ~ssociation in time fordistribution at the 27th InternationalGeological Congress, Washington. D.C.. 1989.Formai notification and timings will be 'issued in 1986; requests for information

from individual paleontologists andpaleontological associations will bedistributed throughout 1981 and 1988, with adeadline for receipt of data of December1988; computerization of data will proceedthrough 1988 with find preparation of textand publication during 1989.It is intended to provide the most completelisting possible of all the activepaleontologists of the world. We expect toobtain data from paleontological societiesand organizations of all kinds as well asfrom individual paleontologists.Paleontological groups and individuals whoare not members of IPA or who do notregularly receive the journal or newsletterof an IPA Corporate Member, should contactthe Directory editor or IPA secretariatduring 1981-88 to insure inclusion in theDirectorx. Suggestions and advice from allinterested parties are welcome.Copies of the 4th Edition of the Directoryare still available from R.E. Grant (sameaddress as Editor, below left) for US $7 (toindividual members of nationalpaleontological societies or sections) or US$ l0 (all others).Rex A. Doescher William A. Oliver, Jr.Directory Editor Secretary-General, IPADept of Paleohiology US Geological Survey2-201 Natural History E-305 Natural IiistorySmithsonian Inst. Smithsonian Inst.Washington, DC 20560 Washington DC 20560rTJSAUSAJohn Crossling (Warwickshire Museum) recentlyvisited Dudley Museum to find out how the MSCscheme was progressing with the cataloguingof the collections. He reports as follows:'I am pleased to say that cataloguing isgetting near its conclusion. Joan Round, theMSC supervisor, has produced a list ofspecimens that have not been located duringthe current operation, which is reproducedbelow. These specimens have gone missingfrom Dudley between 1980 (when a list ofspecimens was made by the Black CountryGeological Society) and 1983 (when thepresent MSC scheme commenced). During thisperiod many people obtained free access tothe collections. The catalogue numbers werewritten on the specimens in red ink. In thecase of Periechocrinus and Dimerocrinus notall the specimens were catalogued, hence thediscrepancy between the number of specimens(in brackets) and the number of cataloguenumbers. All the material was collectedeither from the Wren's Nest or from Walsall.This information should at least put curatorson their guard if any good quality materialof this kind is offered to them in the nearfuture - and of course get them to look againat anything that they have already taken in!'Missing fossilsTRILOBITESProetus latifrons (2)Cyphaspis megalops (1)Lichas hursutus (1)Acidaspis sp. (2)Encrinurus punctatus (2)Encrinurus variolis (2)Calymene blumenbachii (1Cat. NO.Calymene blumenbachii andDalmanites caudatus (1) 1666Acaste downtowniae (2) 2018 2019E%manites caudatus (4) 2033 20312090~ ~~~var . y. nexilis (4) 2054 20562093GASTROPODSBembexia Lloydii (3)Murchisouia bilEeata (1Euomphalophetus alatusPoleumita discors (1)Poleumita rugosus (2)Eunema cirrhosa (1)Platyceras haliotis (1)Loxosema elegans (1)Loxosema gracilior (l).Loxosema gregaria (1)CRINOIDSMarsupiocrinus ceolatus (7)Eucalyptocrinus decorus (2)Carpocrinus simplex (1)Desmidocrinus sp . (2)Periechocrinus monoliformis (7)Gissocrinus sp. (6)A new postcard from Peterborough City MuseumLyriocrinus dactylus (1) 581and Art Gallery, reproduced by kindpermission of the Assistant Curator, GordonCYSTOIDSChancellor. Lepadocrinites pentrematoides (1) 341

~~ ---ROBERT HUNT FRS (1807-1887)Dr Peter Embrev (Dept of Mineralo~v, BMCNH))comments on the note-about ~obert-~bnt whichappeared in the Geol. Curator. 4(3). 129-132as follows:'An excellent biography of Robert Hunt by A.Pearson Robert Hunt, FRS (1807-1887) wasonblished in 1976 hv the Federation~of - Old ~-~bornwall Societies (i~3~p.). This gives alist of his publications in excess of 100(not counting multiple publication). Thesecond edition of British Mininu waspublished in 1887, the year of Hunt's death,and is probably more widely scattered thanthe first.'A short piece in the Geologist (11131985) is reproduced with permission below:Following an article by David Bertie inBritish Geologist (713 1981) a rescueoperation is underway to save the importantFraser Collection of geological specimens -David Bertie's original article described theuncertain future of geological collections inBritish Museums using the Fraser Collectionas an example. According to Rosemary Roden,geological curator with the West MidlandsArea Museum Service - it was the BritishGeologist article along with pressure fromthe Geological Curators Group which"sparked off" the present "rescue curation"which is saving the collection, only just intime. from extinction. Orieinsllv thecolleotioncontained over l{, 000 specimensbut due to dispersion some entire sections,such as the minerals collection, have beenlost. Rosemary Roden's work thereforeconsists of a mixture of detective work intracking down missing sections, sorting andstoring recovered specimens, and starting ontreatments such as ethanolaminethioglycollate treatment for pyrite decay.The collection is to be housed in a specialdisplay room at the Wolverhampton Art Galleryand Museums and help with funding the rescueoperation has been given by Tarmac QuarryProducts. David Bertie tells us that themoral of this success story is "if you knowof a geological collection which is in anydanger, let other people know about it. Thecollection's future may rest literally inyour hands if nobody else knows about it".

LIST OF GCG MEMBERS 1985la. Personal EAernber-S: United KingdomAdams, Dr. P.J., The Geological Museum, Exhibition Boneham, Mr. B.F., 64 Manor Road, Rugby,Road, London. SW7 2DE Warwickshire CV21 2TQAdamson, Mrs. D.E., 50 Briardene, Burnopfield, Bootes, Mr. P.A., Department of Geology, UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE16 6LJ of Sheffield, Brookhill, Sheffield S3 7HFAlderson, Mr. D., Isis Minerals, Ironbridge Works, Boyd, Mr. P.D.A., Stansgate Abbey Lodge, Steeple,Marlboraugh Road, Accrington, LancsNear Southrninster, EssexAllingham, Mr. W.G., Department of Geology, The Brunton, Dr. C.H.C., Department of Palaeontology,Queen's University of Belfast, BelfastBritish Museum (Natural History), CromwellBT7 1b1N Road, London SW7 5BDAnderson, Mr. R.J., 24 Chestnut Drive, Sturry, Bryant, Mrs. C., 7 Towy Road, Llanishen, CardiffCantePbuPy, Kent CT2 ONBButler, Mr. D.E., Palaeontology Unit, BritishArber, Miss M.A., 18 Sherlock Close, Cambridge Geological Survey, Exhibition Road, LondonCB3 OHWSW7 2DEAPmstPong, Miss A., Cliffe Castle Museum, SpringGapdens Lane. Keighley, West YorkshireBD20 6LHAspen, Mr. P.,EH37 5RJ.36 Edgehead, Patthead, MidlothianAtkins, Dr. F.B., Curator of tMineralogy, TheUniversity t>luseum, Parks Road, OxfordAtkinson, Dr.R.L., Museum Curator, Carnborne Schoolof Mines, Camborne, Cornwall TRI BZFBaker, Mr. O.A.,EX4 ZEQ7 Canterbury Road, Exwick, ExeterBaldwin, Mr. S.A., Fossil Hall, Boars Tye Road,Silve~ End, Witham, Essex CM8 3QABartlett, MP H., Geology Department, UniversityCollege, P.D. Box 78, Cathays Park, CardiffCF1 1XLBassett, Dr. M.G., Keeper oi Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF1 3NPBenton, Dr. M.J., Department of Geology, TheQueen's University of Belfast, Belfast 877 1NNBertie, Dr. D.M., 162 Main Street, Invergowrie,Dundee DD2 5BDBesterman, Mr. T.P., Plymouth City Museum and ArtGallery, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AJBevins, Dr. R.E., Department of Geology, Natianall,luseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CFI 3NPBishop, Dr. A.C., Department of Mineralogy, BritishMuseum (Natural History), Cromwell Road,London SW7 5BDBishop, Dr. M.J., Buxton Museum, Terrace Road,Buxtan, Derbyshire SKI7 6DJBlundell, Mr. J.D., Lancashire County Museum,Stanley Street, Preston PR1 4YPBoggild, Or. G.R., The Cottage, 15 Camptan Road,Upper Gravenhurst, Bedfordshire MK45 4JBChancellor, Mr. G.R.C., Peterborough Museum & ArtGallery, Priestgate, Peterborough PE1 ILFChapman, Miss A.J.,DerbyFlat 3, 112 Rose Hill Street,Clack, Dr. J.A., Museum of Zoology, CambridgeUniversity, Downing Street, CambridgeClasby, Mr. P.S., 12 Haglane Copse, Lymington,Hants SO4 BDTCleal, Mr. C.J., Nature Conservancy Council,Geological Conservation Review Unit, PearlHouse, Bartholomew Street, Newbury, BerksRG14 5LSCleevely, Mr. R.J., British Museum (NaturalHistory), Department of Palaeontology,Cromwell Road, London SW7 500Clernents, Dr. R.G., Department of Geology,University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RACohen, Mr. S.P.,856 5SJ22 Sydenham Road, Cotham, BristolColes, Mr. A., Woodspring Museum, BurlingtonStreet, Weston-Super-Mare, Avon OS23 1PRCollins, Miss A.L., House F, Elms Road Houses, 36Elms Road, LeicesterCollins, Mr. C.J., Earth Sciences Department,Leicestershire Museums, Q6 New Walk, LeicesterLE1 6TDCollins, Mr. P.M.,St. AlbansCity Museum, Hatfield Road,Collinson, Dr. M.E., Department of Plant Sciences,King's College London, 68 Half Moon Lane,London SE24 QJFCooper, MP. J.A., Booth Museum ofNatura1 History,194 Dyke Road, Brighton BNI 5AACornish, Mrs. L.,23 Belmont Road, Beckenham, Kent

Cossey,.Mr. P.J., Department of Ceramic Technology,Earth Science Unit, N. Staffs Polytechnic,College Road, Stoke on Trent ST4 2DECOY, Dr. B.M., Department of Palaeontology, BritishGeological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth,Nottingham NG12 5GGCrane, Dr. M.D.,38 High Kingsdown, Bristol 852 8EWCross, MP. I., The Bungalow, Highfield, Bank HeyBottom Lane, Ripponden, West Yorkshire HX6 4HNCrass, Mr. T., Curtis Museum, (Hants County MuseumService), High Street, Alton, Hants GU34 IBACrossling, Mr. J., Warwickshire Museum Service,Market Place, Warwick CV34 3SACPOUC~~P, MP. R., Department of Palaeontology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 5BDC~owthe~, Dr. P.R., Leicestecshire Museums, 96 NewWalk, Leicester LE1 STDCurrant, MP. A.P., Department of Palaeontology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 5BDCurtis, Dr. M.L.K., Curator of Geology, CityMuseum, Queen's Road, Bristol 858 IRLCurtis, Mr. M.T., 2 Ribblesdale, Thornbury. Nr.Bristol BSI2 2DWDarlington, Mr. P., B Harvey Road, Wivenhoe,Colchester, Essex C07 9LHDavies, Mrs. S.D., Nimrod, 19 Maesglas, Tredegar,Gwent NP2 3ETDavison, Dr. J., 16 Lodge Bank, Brinscall, Nr.Chorley, LancashireDearman, Professor W.R., Engineering Geology Unit,Drummond Building, University of Newcastleupon-Tyne,Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RUDelair, Mr. J.B., 19 Cumnoritdad, Wootton, BoarsHill, OxfordDevenish, Mr. C.,TN34 3ET109 High Street, Hastings, SussexDonovan, Dr. S.K., N.E.R.C., Polaris House, NorthStar Avenue, Swindon, Wilts SN2 1EUDO?;, Dr. A.G., Conoco (UK) Ltd., Park House, 116Park Street, London WlY 4NNDo~ning, Dr. K.J., Pallab Research, 58 RobertsonRoad, Sheffield S6 5DXDoughty. Mr. P.S., Keeper of Geology, UlsterMuseum, Botanic Gardens, Belfast BT9 5A8Down, Mrs. R.M., Zoology Department, UniversityCollege, Gower Street, London WClE 6BTDuffin, Mr. C.J., 20 King Alfred Street,Chippenham. Wilts SN15 INPDuffy, Mr. J.L.,Lancashire98 Chorley Road, Adlington,Dunning, Mr. F.W., Curator, Geological Museum,Exhibition Road, London SW7 2DEDurant, Dr. G.,GlasgawHunterian Museum, The University,G12840Eaga~, Dr. R.M.C., The Manchester Museum, TheUniversity, Manchester M13 9PLElliott, Mr. C.J., 32 St. John's Road; Farnham,Surrey GU9 8NUEmbrey, Dr. P., Department of Mineralogy. BritishMuseum (Natural History), Cromwell Road,London SW7 5BDEnsom, Mr. P.C., Dorset County Museum, High WestStreet, Dorchester, Dorset DT1 1XAEssame, Mr. J.G., Severn House, Lower Oddington,Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucastershire GL56 OXNEvans, Dr. K.M., Department of Geology, BirkbeckCollege, 7/15 Gresse Street, London WIP IPAEtchells-Butler, Ms. S.H., Sedgwick Museum, DawningSt~eet, Cambridge CB2 3EQFaithfull, Mr. J.W., Department of Feology,Leicester University, Leicester LE1 7RHFenwick, Mr. G.R., 25 Chatsworth Street,Sunderland, Tyne & WearForsey, Mr. G.R., Nene College, Baughton GreenRoad, NorthamptonFryer, Mr. J.D.R., 13 Magdalen Road, WandsworthCommon, London SW18 3NBFulle~, Mr. J.P.. Department of Mineralogy, BritishMuseum (Natural History), Cromwell Road,London SW7 5BDGeorge, Mr. W.H.,IGil 7RF17 Kendal Avenue, Barkihg, EssexGoodger, Mr. K.B., Department of Geology, TheUniversity, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RUGrange, Mr. W.M., Derby Museum and Art Gallery, TheStrand, Derby DEI 1BSGreen, Mrs. M.,40 High Street, WarwickGreen, Mr. O.R., Department of Geology, RachelMcMillan Building, Creek Road, Deptford,London SE8 3BUGunning, Mr. A.H., Museum & Art Gallery,Kelvingrove, Glasgow G3 8AGHalfpenny, Mr. G., Unity House, Hanley, Stoke onTrent ST1 4H7~arper, Dr. D.A.T., Department of Geology,University College, Galway, IrelandHarrison, Mr. S., 42 Lansdown Crescent, Cheltenham,Gloucestershire GL50 2LFHa~vey, Mr. A.P., Ragstones, Broad Oak, Heathfield,E. Sussex TN2l BUD

Haslock, MPS. J.P., Depa~tment of Geology, City ofLondon Polytechnic, Walburgh House, BiglandStreet, London El 2NGHeath, 1.1~. J.J., Natural History Museum, HlghStreet, Colchester, Essex C01 IDNHerman, Hr. J.S.,EH4 3RL53 Gardiner Road, EdinburghHerries Davies, Professor G.L., Department ofGeography, Trinity College, Dublin 2, EireHewitt, Mr. S., 46 Hallbridge Gardens, Upholland,Skelmersdale, Lancashire WN8 OERHicks, Mr. R.P., 216 Clive Road, West Dulwich,London SE21Hiscock, MP. C.,8512 1JA10 Hyde Avenue, Thornbury, AvonHitchman, Miss C.A., 39 Revelstoke Road, HyltonRedhouse, Sunderland SR5 5EPHodson, Professor F., Department of Geology,Unive~sity of Southampton, Southampton.Holden, Miss J., 70 Upland Road, East Dulwich,London SE22 ODEHollingworth, Mr.'N.T.J., Department of GeologicalSciences, University of Durham, South Road,Durham, Co. DurhamJobbins, Mr. E.A., British Geological Survey,Exhibition Road, Lohdon SW7 2DEJohnston, MP. T.F., Curator, Department of EarthSciences, The University, Leeds LS2 9S7Jones, Mr. J.R.,NW936 Fryment Way, Kingsbury, LondonJones, Mr. M.D., 308 Springfield Road, Staneygate,Leicester LE2 3BAJoy, Mr. P.R., 22 Merridale Road, Littleover, DerbyKendall, Mr. A.J., 18 Neville Place, Riverside,Cardiff, South Glamorgan.King, Dr. G.M.,OxfordUniversity Museum, Parks Raad,OX1 3PWKing, Mr. M.S., 64 Alanbrooke House, Baker Raad,Woolwich, London SE18 4NPKing, Dr. R.J., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cardiff CFI 3NPKinnaird, Mrs. J., Curator, Department of Geology,The University, St. Andrews, FifeKirk, Ms. Vl.L.,E12 5HL35 Harpenden Road, Wanstead, LondonKitteridge, Miss D.M., I.L.E.A. Crown Lane Hostels,10A Crown Lane, Streatham, London SW16 3JBHorne, Mr. A.R.,Brighton6 Shelldale Road, Portslade,BN4 ILFKnell, Mr. S.J.,Leiceste~11 Vernon Road. Aylestone,LE2 8GEHowarth, Mr. K., 4 Homeacre Avenue, Sabden,Blackbu~n, Lancs. BB6 QHGHowe, Mr. S.R., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF1 3NPHowell, Mr. A.C.,BoltonBolton Museum, Civic Centre,Howie, Mr. F.M.P., Department of Palaeontology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 5BDHumphrey, Ms. M.S., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF1 3NPKP~us~, MP. J.E., 5 Riders Lea, Shrewsbury,Shropshire SY3 6AALambert, Mr. M.P., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cardiff CF1 3NPLawrance, Mr. P.J., 43 Kitchener Avenue, GloucesterLee, Mr. A.L., Greencroft, Stockton-on-the-Forest,York Y03 9USLewis, Miss D.A., B5 Brooklands Park, Blackheath,London SE3 9AJLewis, Mrs. S.D., 29 Grove Street, Hull HU5 2UYHunt, Mr. M.J.,London95 Chesterton Road, Ladbroke Grove,W10 6ETLingwood, Dr. P.F., 8 Sorrento Way, Darfield,Barnsley, S. Yorks S73 9RNHutt, MP. S.C., Museum of Isle of Wight Geology,High Street, Sandown, Isle of Wight P036 8AFIfold, Mr. D.H., 42 Castle Hill Gardens,Torrington, North Devon EX38 8EXInsole, Dr. A.N., c/o Environmental Records Centre,Isle of Wight County Museum Service, RydeLib~a~y, George Street, Ryde, Isle of WightIvimey-Cook, Dr. H.C., British Geological Sucvey,Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GGLoeffler, Dr. E.J., Department of Geology,University of Bristol, Queen's Building,Bristol BS8 ITRLofthouse, Mr. S.R., Geology Department. OxfordPolytechnic, Headington. Oxford OX3 OBPMarker, Dr. B.R.,W13 9PT40 Kingsdown Avenue, LondonMarkham, Mr. R.A.D., 28 Balliol Close, Woodbridge,Suffolk IP124EQJames, Mr. K.W.,BelfastUlster Museum, Botanic Gardens,BT95ABMarson, Mrs. P.A.,CB1 4UZ63 Hills Avenue, CambridgeJa~zembowski, Mr. E.A., Department of Entomology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 58DMaptin, MP. J.G., Leicestershire Museums, 96 NewWalk, Leicester LE1 6TD

Mason, Dr. K.S., Brecknock Museum, Captain's Walk, Phillips, Mr. P.W., Merseyside County Museums.Brecon LD3 7DW William Brawn Street, Liverpool L3 BENMathieson, Mr. A., Asst. Schools Organizer, CityMuseum, Queens Road, BristolPickfopd, Mr. R.F.,Squa~e, BathGeology Museum, l8 QueenBA1 2HPMcCann, Mr. A.G.,23 Macrae Street, Wick, CaithnessMcGinn, Mr. A.F., Flat 2, 33 Upperton Gardens,Eastbourne, East Sussex BN2l 2AFMcGinnes, Mr. M., Stirling Smith Art Gallery, 40Albe~t Place, Dumbarton Raad, Stirling.Meloy, Mr. B.J..LeicesterThe "Y" Centre, 7 East Street,Milner, Dr. A.C., Department of Palaeontology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 5BDMilsom, Mr. E.A., 28 Church Road, WinterbourneDown, Bristol BSI7 1BXMoyle, Mr. C.I., Pazna House, Barncoose Terrace,Illagan Highway, Redruth, CornwallMu~phy, Mr. M., Sherkin Island Marine Station,She~kin Island, Co. Cork, Eire.Pontin, Miss K.M., 26 Hermitage Woods Crescent, St.Johns, Woking, Surrey GU21 1UEPOP~~P, DP. R.,Sheffield58 Dobcroft Avenue, Millhouses,S72LXPorter, Or. R.S., The Wellcome Institute, 183Euston Road, London NW1 2BPPowell, Mr. H.P., Department of Geology, UniversityMuseum, Parks Road, OxfordPreece, Mrs. R.P., Ash Hill House, Staley Road,hlossley, Lancashire OL5 SPMPrice, Miss M.T., Department of Mineralogy, OxfordUniversity Museum, Parks Raad, OxfordPyrah, Miss B., The Yorkshire Museum, MuseumGardens, York Y01 2DRQuince, Miss M.L., Mining Department, Polytechnicof Wales, Trefo~est, Pontyp~idd, Mid GlamorganNewman, Mr. A., Hancock Museum, Barras Bridge,Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4PTRalph, Mr. W.T.,Wiltshire49 Innox Road, Trowbridge,BA14 9ATNicholl, Mr. A.R.,BT61 QED82 Drummadd Terrace, ArmaghRamsbottom, Or. W.H.C., The Craft, Harewood Road,Collingham, Wetherby LS22 5BYNorton, MP. W.J., Department of Natural Sciences,Shropshi~e County Museum Service, LudlowMuseum, Old Street, Ludlow, ShropshireNunney, Mr. J.H., Curator, Leeds City Museums,Municipal Buildings, Leeds LS1 3AAOates, Dr. M.J., Trefoil Cottage, Station Raad,Padbury, Buckingham MK18 ZBJDllerenshaw, Miss C., 39 Pentwyn Road, Radyr,Cardiff CF4 BREOsbarn, Mr. A.G.H., Northamptonshire NaturalHistory Society, Pangea. West Street, Olney,Buckinghamshire MK46 5HJOsborne, Mr. P.J., Department of GeologicalSciences, University of Birmingham,P.O. Box 363, Birmingham B15 2TTOwen. Mrs. M.M., 10 Irwin Drive. Horsham, WestSussex RH12 1NHOwens, Dr. R.M., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CFI 3NPPage, Mr. B.,10 Maer, nr. Newcastle, StaffordshirePennington-George, Mrs. P.A., Museum & Art Gallery,Cheg~e~ Raad, Doncaster, S. YorkshirePettig~ew, Mr. T.H., Sunderland Museum, BoroughRoad, Sunderland SRI IPPPhillips, Mr. D., Department of Palaeontology,British Museum (Natural History), CromwellRoad, London SW7 5BDRidealgh, Mr. M., 157 Windsor Drive, Wigginton.York Y03 8RZRiley, Mr. T.H., City Museum. Weston Park,Sheffield, S. Yorks. S10 2TPRaden, Mrs. E.R., Pine Ridge, 110 The Ridgeway,Astwoad Bank, Redditch, Worcs. B96 BNARalfe, Dr. W.D.I., Hunterian Museum, University ofGlasgow, Glasgow G12 844Round, Miss J.A.,BiPmingham32 Aston Brook Green, Aston,B6 4ASSalmon, Mr. M.J., 121 South C~oxted Road, Dulwich,London SE21 8AXSandy, Dr. M.R., Department of Geoloqy .. &Mineralcgy, Marischal Ccllege, AberdeenAB9 1ASSawford, Mr. B., N. Herts. Museum Service, Museum &Art Gallery, Broadway, Letchworth, Herts.Seaborne, Mr. M.V.J., Principal's House, ChesterCollege, Cheyney Road, Chester CH1 4BJSedman, Mr. K.W.. Cleveland County Museum Service,The Old School, Victoria Road, MiddlesbroughSharpe, Mr. T., Department of Geology, NationalMuseum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF1 3NPSirnms, Mr. M.J., Department of Geological Sciences,Unive~sity of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TTSimpson, Mr. M.I., 4 Undermount, Bonchurch,Ventnor, Isle of Wight P038 1RG

Siveter, Dr. D.J., Department of Geology,University of Leicester, University Road,LeicesterSiveter, Dr. O.J., Depa~tment of Geology,University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RXSize", HP. C., Reading Museum & Art Gallery,Blag~ave Street, Reading RGI IQLSkeet, Mrs. P.,BA1 3RA18 Penn Lea Road, Bath, AvonSleeman, Dr. A.G., Geological Survey of Ireland,Beggars Bush, Haddington Road, Dublin 2,IrelandSmith, Miss D., Norfolk Museum Service, NorwichCastle, NorwichTor-pens, DP. H.S., Department of Geology, TheUniversity, Keele, Staffs.Toynton, Mr. R., Borough Museum, Oswald Road,Scunthorpe, S. Humberside DN15 7.50Tresise, Dr. G., Merseyside County Museum, WilliamBrown Street, Liverpool L3 8EPTunoicliff, Mr. S.P., Britsh Geological Survey,Nick=? Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GGTurner, Mr. N.S., 48 Statlon Road, Rishton, Nr.Blackburn, Lancs. BB1 4HFUbsdell, Mr. J.A., 88 Hunsdon Road, New Cross,London SE14 5RFVan Rose, Mrs. S.,Road, LondonGeolaglcal Museum, Exh~bitionSW7 PDESmith, Mr. M.S., 4 North View, Thorley, Yarmouth,Isle of Wight Warren, Mr. M.R., Curator, Cromer Museum, TuckerStreet, Cromer, NorfalkSmith, Mr. V.C., 64 New Hays Way, Bradshaw, nr.Bolton, Lancs. Waterston, Dr. C.D., 30 Boswall Road. EdinburghEH5 3RNStace, Ms. H.E., Blaeberry Toll, Muckhart Road,Dunning, Perthshire PHP ORD Way, Mr. L.S., c/a Department of Museum StudiesAnnex, 152 Upper New Walk, LeicesterStanley, Dr. J.W., Department of Adult Education,The University, Keele. Staffs. Weightman, Mrs. G., 85 Danvers Road, LeicesterLE3 2AEStanley, Mr. M.F., Derbyshire Museum Service, JohnTurner House, Pa~kway, Darley Dale, Matlock, Wells, Mr. A.J., The Netherhall School, QueenDe~byshire DE4 2FWEdith's Way, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB1 4NNStansfield, Mr. G., Department of,Museum Studies, Whybrow, Mr. P.J., Department of Palaeontology,University of Leicester, 105 Princess RoadB~itish Museum (Natural History), CrornwellEast. Leicester LE1 7LG Road, London SW7 5BDSteward, Mr. D.I., City Museum & Art Gallery, Broad Williams, Mr. J.C., Flat 1, 5 Selborne Road.Street, Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent ST1 4HS Worcester WRI 3JAStockton, Mr. G., 3 Pastern Place, Tudor Court, Williams, Mrs. M.E., 14 Snabwood Close, LittleDowns Barn, Milton Keynes, Bucks. Neston, South Wirral L64 OUPStrachan, Dr. I. 12 St. Nichalas Steadings, St. Winyard, Mr. R.J., P Church Close, Wangford,Andrews, Fife 8LD Beccles, Suffolk NR34 8RQSutcliffe, Hr. R., c/o Art Gallery & Museum, Woad, Mr. S., Unit 8, Abbotsford Rise, Livingston,Kelvingrove, Glasgow G3 8AG West Lothian EH54 640Swansborough, Ms. S.A., Museum & Art Gallery,Queens Road, Bristol B58 IRLTaylor, Mr. M.A.,City Museum, George Street, PerthTaylor, Mr. M.A., City of Bristol Museum, QueensRoad, Bristol 858 IRLThackray, Mr. J.C..Road, LondonGeological Museum, ExhibitionSW7 2DEThomas, Mr. A.J.. Schools Service, National Museumof Wales, Cardiff CFI 3NPThomas, Dr. A.T., Department of GeologicalSciences, University of Aston, Gosta Green,Birmingham B4 7ETWoodward, Mr. F.R., Department of Natural History,Art Gallery & Museum, Kelvingrove, Glasgow-G3 8AGWoof?, Mrs. V.A., 16 Lambert Street, Hull HU5 2SJWright, Mr. A.R., P Rudham Cottages, East Winch,Kings Lynn, NorfolkWyatt, Mr. A.R., Department of Geology. UniversityCollege of Wales, Llandinam Building,Aberystwyth, Dyfed SY23 305Zachariades, Mr. N.A.E., 34 Fairlie Park, Ringwood,Ham~shire BHP4 1TUTierney, Miss O.,BTIZ 7AD57 Springfield Road, BelfastTimms, Miss G., 29 The Crossway, Darlington, CountyDurham DLI IEW

lb. Personal Members: OverseasAlvarez, Mr. F., Departmento de Paleontologia,Unive~sidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, SpainBge, Dr. P.A., Geologisu Avdeling, Tromsd Museum,N-9000 T~oms6, NorwayBoel. Mr. J., Route de Bascoup, 354, 6518 LaHestre, BelgiumDay, Mr. R.G., Paleobiolagy Division, NationalMuseum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario,Canada K1A OM8Dickins, Dr. J.M., Bureau of Mineral Resources, Box378, Canberra ACT 2601, AustraliaDowling, Ms. S.E., Museum Curator, Geology Museum,University of Queensland, St. Lucia,Queensland 4067, AustraliaErickson, Mr. R.J., Post Office Box 52920, Tulsa,Oklahoma 74152, USAFitzgerald, Mr. G.R., Paleobiology Division,National Museums of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario,Canada K1A OM8Friedman, Professor G.M., Department of Geology,Rensselae~ Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NewYork 12181. USAKeller, Herr Th., Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg,Senckenberganlage 25, 6000 Frankfurt 1, WestGermanyKollmann, Dr. H., Naturhistorisches Museum,Burgring 7, A-1014 Wien, AustriaLevesque, Mr. A., l190 Ave. des Erables, App. 32,Quebec, QC. Canada GIR 2Id2McNamara, Mr. K., W. Australian Museum, FrancisStreet, Perth, Western Australia 6000Peel, Dr. J.S., Geological Survey of Greenland,Oster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K,DenmarkRudkin, Dr. D.M., Department of InvertebratePalaeontology, Royal Ontario Museum, 100Queen's Park, Toronto M5S 2C6, Ontario, CanadaSarjeant, Dr. W.A.S., Room 108.3, GeologicalSciences, General Purpose Building, Unive~sityof Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S79 OWOSaunders, Mr. J.B., Naturhistorisches Museum,Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, SwitzerlandStalder. Dr. H.A., Naturhistorisches Museum,Be~nastr. 15, 3006 Bern, Switzerland.Stojanovic, Mrs. M.. Department of Gealogy,University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5001,S. AustraliaTassell, Mr. C.B., Director, Queen Victoria Museumand Art Gallery, Wellington Street,Launceston, Tasmania 7250, AustraliaTu~ner, Miss S., 89 Hebe Street, Bardon, Brisbane,Queensland, AustraliaVallance, Professor T.G., Dept. of Geology &Geophysics, University of Sydney, New SouthWales, Australia 2006Vladdingtan, Mrs. J.B., Invertebrate PalaeontologyDept., Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park,Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, CanadaWaller, Mr. R.,h1~seUmS OfMineral Sciences Division, NationalCanada, Ottawa K1A OM8, CanadaWeidmann, Dr. M., Musee de Geologie Cantonal,Palais de Rumine, CH - 1005 Lausanne,SwitzerlandMikulic, Mr. D., Illinois State Geological Survey, Wild. Dr. R., Palaontologische Abteilung,Nat. Resources Building, 615 East PeabodyStaatliches Museum fur Naturkunde, RosensteinDrive, Champaign Ill. 61820, USA 1, 0-7000 Stuttgart 1, West GermanyPaganoni, Dr. A., Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali Zammit-Maempel, Dr. G., 53 Main Street, Birkirkara,"Enrico Caffi", Piazza Cittadella 10, 24100MaltaBergamo, Italy2a. Institutional Members: United KingdomAberdeen Art Gallery & Museum, Schoolhill,Black Country Geological Society, C/o P. Shilston,Abderdeen AB9 1FQ 16 St. Nicholas Gardens, Kings Norton,Birmingham B38 8TWAngus District Museums, Montrose Museum and ArtGallery, Panmure Place, Montrose, Angus,Bolton Museum and Art Gallery, Arts Department, LeScotland Mans Crescent, Bolton BL1 1SAAston Unive~sity, Department of Geological Bournemouth Natural Science Society, 39Sciences, Gosta Green, Birmingham B4 7ET Christchu~ch Road, BournemouthBedford College, Department of Geology, Regents Bournemouth Art Gallery and Museum, East Cliff,Park, London NW1 4NS BournemouthBedford Museum. 2A Castle Lane, Bedford MK40 3x0 Bristol University, Department of Geology,University Walk, Bristol 85% 1TRBirmingham City Museum & Art Gallery, CongreveStreet, Birmingham B3 3DH

Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery, Queens Road, Humberside Museums Service, Central Library, AlbionClifton, Bristol B58 1RL Street, Hull HUI 3TFBritish Geological Survey, Library, MurchisonHouse, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LABritish Geological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth,Nottingham NGIZ 5GGBritish Library, Accessions Department, Boston Spa,Wetherby, W. Yorkshire LS23 780British Museum (Natural History), The MineralogyLibrary, Cromwell Road, London SW7 580Brown's Geological Information Service, 134 GreatPortland Street, London WIN 5PHBuckinghamshire Museum, Church Street, AylesburyHP20 ZQPCaplisle Museum and Art Gallery, Castle Street,Carlisle, Cumbria CA3 8TPChelmsford & Essex Museum, Daklands Park, MaulshamStreet, Chelmsfo~d, Essex CM2 QAQChelsea College, Geology Department, 552 KingsRaad, Chelsea, London SW10Cliffe Castle Museum, Spring Gardens Lane,Keighley BD20 6LHCroydon Natural History & Scientific Society Ltd.,Q6a Brighton Road, South Croydon CF2 6ADDerbyshire Museum Service, John Turner House,Pa~kway, Darley Dale, Matlock, DerbyshireDE4 2FWOevize~ Museum, 41 Long Street, Devizes, WiltshireSNlO INSDorset Natural History and Archaeology Society,Dorset County Museum, Dorchester, DorsetDouglas. The Manx Museum, Douglas, Isle of ManDudley Museum and Art Gallery, St. James's, Dudley,W. MidlandsEXeteP Unive~sity, Department of Geology, NorthPark Road, ExeterEXeteP City Museum and Art Gallery, Royal AlbertMemorial Museum, Queen Street, Exeter EX4 3RXGloucester City Museum and Art Gallery, BrunswickRoad, Gloucester GLI IHPGosport Museum, Walport Road, Gosport, HampshireGray Art Gallery and Museum, Clarence Road,Hartlepool, Cleveland TS24 8BTInverness Museum and Art Gallery, Castle Wynd,Inverness IV2 3ED, ScotlandIpswich Museum, High Street, Ipswich, SuffolkIP1 3QHKyle & Carrick D. Libraries, Carnegie Library, 12Main Street, AyrLeicestershire Museums, Q6 New Walk, LeicesterLE1 6TDLeicester University, Periodicals Department, TheLibrary (Geology), Leicester LE1 7RHLincolnshi~e Museums, Broadgate, Lincoln, Lincs.Liverpool College of Higher Education, Library,Liverpool Road, Prescot, Merseyside.Lyme Regis Museum, Bridge Street, Lyme Regis,Do~set DT7 3QAMcLean Museum and Art Gallery, Q Union Street,Greenock PA16 BJH. ScotlvndMuseum Documentation Association, Imperial WarMuseum, Duxfard Airfield, Duxford, Cambs.CB2 4QRNational Museum of Wales, Library, Cathays Park,Cardiff, South Glamorgan CF1 3NPNature Conservancy Council, Information and LibraryServices, Great Britain Headquarters,No~thminster House, Northminster, PeterboroughPE1 1UANewport Museum and Art Gallery, John Frost Square,Newport, Gwent.Northampton Museum and Art Gallery, Guildhall Road,Northampton NN1 1DPNorth of England Museums Service, 27 Sutton Street,Durham DH1 4BWNorth Western Museum and Art Gallery Service,Griffin Lodge, Griffin Park, Blackburn BB2 2PNOpen University, The Library, Walton Hall, MiltonKeynes MK7 6AAOxfo~d Polytechnic, Department of Geology,Headington, Oxford OX1 .OBPOxfordshire County Museum, Fletcher's House,Woodstock OX7 1SNPaisley Museum and Art Galleries, High Street,PaisleyHampshi~e Museum Service, Chilcamb House, ChilcambLane, Bar End, WinchesterPassmore Edwards Museum,London E15 4LZRomford Raad, Stratford,Hancock Museum, University of Newcastle, BarrasBridge, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4PTHe~efo~d. City Museum,Broad Street, HerefordHull Museum and Art Gallery, Town Docks Museum,Queen Victoria Square, Hull HUI 3RAPenrith Museum, Robinsan School, Middlegate,Penrith, CumbriaPerth and Kinross District Council, Museum and ArtGallery, George Street, Perth PHI 5LBPeterborough City Museum, Priestgate. Peterborough,Cambridgeshire

Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery, Plymouth South London College, College ~ibrarian. KnightsPL4 BAJ Hill, London SE27 OTXPo~tsmouth Polytechnic, Department of Geology, Southampton University, Department of Geology,Burnaby Road. Portsmouth P01 3QL Highfield, Southampton S09 5NHQueen Mary College, Periodicals Department, TheLibrary, Mile End Road, London El 4NSRochdale Museum, Sparrow Hill, RochdaleRowleys House Museum, Barker Street, Shrewsbury,ShropshireRoyal Geological Society, Alverton Street,Penrance, Cornwall TRl8 2QRRoyal Scottish Museum, Library, Chambers Street,Edinburgh EH1 IJFScottish Museums Council, County liouse, 20122To~pichen Street, Edinburgh EH3 8JBScottish Natural History Library, Foremount House,Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire PAT0 ZEZ, ScotlandScunthorpe i.luseum and Art Gallery, Oswald Road,Scunthorpe, S. HumbersideSedgwick Museum, Downing Street, CambridgeCB2 3EQSheffield University, Department of Geology,Beaumont Building, Brookhill, Sheffield S3 7HFSheffield City Museums, Leston Park, SheffieldS10 2TPShropshire Geological Society, 3 Woodlands Park,Wenlock Road, Shrewsbury S72 6JNSomerset County Museum, Taunton Castle, Taunton,SomersetS.E.England Area Museums Service, 34 Burners Lane,Milton Keynes, Bucks. MK11 3DASt. Albans City Museum, Hatfield Road, St. Albans,Herts. AL1 3RRStirling Smith Art Gallery and Museum, 40 AlbertPlace, Dumbarton Road, Stirling FL8 2RQTorquay Natural History Society, 529 BabbacombeRoad, TorquayUlster Museum, Depa~tment of Geology, BotanicGardens, Belfast ET9 5ABUniversity College, Department of Geology, GowerStreet, London WClE 6BTWarrington Museum and Art Gallery, Bold Street,Ularrington &$A11JGYJaPwickshipe Museums, Market Place, WarwickWells rduseum, 8 Cathedral Green, Wells, SomersetBA5 2UEWigan Schools bluseum Officer, Llme House, NewtonRoad, Lowtan, Warringtan WA3 1IiFWorcester City Museum Service, Foregate Street,WOPcesteP WR1 1OTYorkshire Museum, Museum Gardens, York, N. Yorks.Yo~kshire and Humberside Area Museum and ArtGallery Service, Farnley Hall, Farnley Park,Leeds LS12 5HA2b. Institutional Members: OverseasDer Buchfreund, Walter R. Schaden,Sonnenfelsgasse 4, A-1010 WienThe Library, National Museum of Victoria,285-321 Russell Street, Melbourne, Victoria3000The Librarian, The Western Australian Museum,Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000The Director General, Department of Mines, MP G.W. Quick, Department of Geology,Minepal House, 41-59 George Street, Brisbane University of Melbourne, Parkville 30524000CanadaThe Serials Librarian, Main Library, Universityof Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4067 Library, Geological Survey of Canada, 601Booth Street (Room 3501, Ottawa, OntarioLib~ary, Australian Museum, PO Box A285,K1A OE8Sydney South, New South Wales, Australia 2000The Library, National Museums of Canada,South Australian Museum, Library, North Ottawa, Ontario K1A OM8Te~race, Adelaide, South AustraliaDepartment of Earth Sciences, S.J. CarewMr. C.B. Tassell, Director, Queen Victoria Building, Edemorial University of Elewfaundland,Museum & Art Gallery, Wellington Street, St. John's, Newfoundland AlC 557Launcestan, Tasmania 7250Library, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen'sGeological Survey of N.S.W., The Library, Park, Toronto 145s 2C6Department of Mineral Resources, PO Box 5288,Sydney, New South Wales 2001

The New Brunswick Museum, Library and Archives SpainDepartment, 277 Douglas Avenue, Saint John,N.B. EZK 1E5 Museo tdunicipal de Geologia, Parque de laCiudadela, Barcelona - 3Librarian, Tyrrell IMuseum of Palaeontology,Box 7500, Drumheller, Alberta TOJ OYO SwitzerlandDenma~k Eth-Bibliothek, Zeitschriften, Rarnistr. 101,CH 8092 ZurichThe Library, Geologisk Museum, Oster Voldgade10, 1350 Kobenhavn K Museum dPHistoire naturelle, Bibliotheque,Route de Malagnou, Case postal 434, CH-1211F~ance Geneve 6Bibliotheque, Centre Documentation CNRS, 26 Naturhistarisches Museum, Bernastrasse 15,Rue Bayer, 75971 Paris, Cedex 203005 BernIcelandIrelandItalyNattu~ufraedistofnun Islands, PO Box 5320, 125ReykjavikNational Museum of Ireland, Kildare Street,Dublin 2Trinity College, Departmental Library,Department of Geology, Dublin 2Museo Civico, Via Matteotti 32, 22053 LeccoMuse0 Regionale di Scienre Naturali, Via MariaVittoria 18, 10123 TurinNew ZealandThe Librarian, Geological Survey, DSIR, PO Box30368, Lower HuttGeological Museum, University of Bergen,Allegt. 41, N-5014 Bergen-UniversitetetUniversitet i Oslo, Geologisk MuseumsBibliotek, Sars Gt. 1, 0562N Oslo 5Saudi ArabiaLibrary, Faculty of Earth sciences, KingAbdulaziz University, PO Box No 1744, Jeddah21441United StatesSerials Division, University of Arkansas,University Libraries, Fayetteville, Arkansas72701Research Library, Buffalo Museum of Science,Humboldt Parkway, Buffalo, New York 14211Se~ials Department, Main Library, Universityof California, Berkeley, California 94720Geology-Geophysics Library, 4697 Geology,University of California, Los Angeles, CA90024Field Museum of Natural History Library,Roosevelt Road and Lake Shore Drive, Chicago,IL 60605J.M. Shannon, The Geology Museum, ColoradoSchool of Mines, Golden, Colorado B0401U.S. Geological Survey Library,National-Center-950, Reston, Virginia 22092Indiana University Libraries, SerialsDepartment, Bloomington, Indiana 47405Unive~sity of Iowa Libraries, SerialsDepartment, Iowa City, Iowa 52242Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History,ZOO Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles,California 90007Librapy, San Diego Society of Natural Iiistory,PO Box 1390, San Diego, California Q2112South AfricaThe Library, Smithsanian Institution,Washington D.C. 20560Scientific Officer, Geology Department F3707,University of Cape Town Private Bag,Geology Library, attn. MP J. Morgan, YaleRondebosch 7700 University, 210 Whitney Avenue, PO Box 6666,New Haven, Connecticut 06511Natural Museym Library, E37 Loop Street,Pietermaritrburg 3201Peabody Museum, Div. of InvertebratePaleontology, Room 201, Yale University, 170Whitney Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 065203. Complimentary, copyright, and exchange distributions of the Geological CuratorAssociation of Teachers of Geology, Mr. David British Library, Copyright Receipt Office, StoreThompson, Department of Adult Education, The Street, London WClE 7DGUniversity, Keele ST5 5BGBritish Museum (Natural History), Department ofBCG Editor, Steve Garland, Sheffield City Museum, Palaeontology, Cromwell Road, London SW7 580Weston Park, Sheffield S10 2TP

Bureau de Recherches geologiques et minieres,Departement Documentation, Section Echanges,BP 6009, 45018 Orleans Cedex, France.Geological Society of London, Burlington House,Piccadilly, London W1V OJUGuntau, Dr. M., Generalseketar desInhigeo-Komitees, Sektion Geschichte Der,Wilhelm-Pieck Universitat, DOR-2500 Rostock,Ro~a-Luxemburg-Strasse 29, East Germany.Museums Association, 34 Bloomsbury Way, LondonWClA 2SFRydzewski, WPoclaw University, Museumof Natu~al History, Sienkiewicza El, 50-335WroclawPPO~ D?. W.AQent for the Libraries, A.T. Snail, 100 EustanStreet, London NW1 2HQSmith, Dr. P.J., Open Earth, 32 St. James Close,Hanslope, Milton Keynes MK19 7LFFORTHCOMING MEETINGSFriday 6 December 1985The Dudley ExperienceGCG Annual General MeetingBanqueting Suite, Dndley Town Hall, WestMidlands.The formulation of a collections policy isseen as one of the main issues to which theGrou~ must address itself without delav(Geoi. Curator, 4(1), 7). This meetingcoincides with the ending of the two year MSCfunded Palaeontology Project at DudlevMuseum. Much usiiul and sound work has beenaccomplished hut the long term future of thecollection is still in doubt and thereremains little or no prospects for theappointment of a permanent geologicalcurator. Using the Dudley experience by wayof illustration it is hoped that the mainsession will yield constructive and objectivecomment not only to help Dudley in its searchfor a solution hut to aid the Group informulating its own plan of action.History of geology in Dudley andStaffordshire - H.S. TorrensThe Dudley and Midland GeologicalSocieties - A. CutlerDudley Palaeontology Project - J. RoundCollections Workshop - chaired byP.S. Doughty12th Annual General MeetingContact: Alan Cutler. 21 Primrose Hill,Wordsley, Stourhridge DY8 5AG.Thu./Fri. 23/24 January 1986The Conservation of Geological MaterialsBritish Museum (Natural History)This conference marks a GCG initiative topromote geological conservation and to set upan international network of geologicalconservators. The programme covers allaspects of geological conservation and willpromote discussion of current techniques andfuture developments. The support of theBritish Museum (Natural Historv). . -Interntltional Centre for the study of tltepreservation :incl rcstorntion of' cu1t11r;ilproocrty OCCl10~1), and the Geolucic:rl Sncictvof iondon is gratefully acknowledg&. Abooking form was distributed with the lastissue of the Geological Curator (vo1.4,no.3). Members should return completed formsas soon as possible to the ConferenceSecretary, Chris Collins, Earth SciencesSection, Leicestershire Museums Service. 96New Walk, Leicester LE1 6TD. The finalprogramme is summarized below:Health and safetv considerations forgeological conservators - F. HowieDocumentation for geological conservatorsJ. CooperConservation technioues for smaller museumsM.A. TaylorEnvironmental control - J. Ashley-SmithUse of PEG and enoxv-resins & . to Dreservewaterlogged mammalian remains - M.WaldersConservation of sub-fossil hone - A. DoylePreparation of invertebrate fossils fromLimestone matrices - J. WilsonConservation of minerals - R. WallerConservation of nalaeobotanical materialM. ~o~insol;Treatment of decaying pyritiferous material. - -~L. CornishUse of consolidants and adhesives inconservation - S. KeeneSilanes - a general introduction to theirtypes and uses - S. BradleyTitle to be announced - S. WoodsChemical preparation of geological materialP. WhybrowFri.-Sun. 30 May - 1 June 1986GCG - Cornish MeetingProvisional programme is as follows29 May Arrive30 May Camhorne School of Mines for lectureson Cornish minerals; visits to KingEdward Mine and East Pool Engine Gouse31 May Visits to Tolgus Tin, Cligga Head,and Truro Museum1 June Visits to Porthmeor Cave, GeevorMuseum and Mill, Botallack; leave.Costs will he announced in the January issueof the Geological Curator.Contact: Lesley Atkinson, Camhorne School ofMines, Redruth, Cornwall.