Reverberation mapping

Luminosity required to hold a particle in balance between gravityand radiative pressureL edd:= 4πGcm pσ TM BH≈ 1.3x10 38 M BHM erg / sgpe U=-GM 2 /2r is released at a rateL ≈ dUdt= GM rL ≈ dUdtdmdt= GM r= GM Mrdmdt= GM MrL here is released g.p energy/sQuantification of that for accreting gas is -half of this released goes intoheating the gas, for accreting mass M, half of gpe goes into heating gas,half radiated away at a rate L diskL diskL = GM M2r= 2πr 2 σT 4