Building <strong>the</strong> market<strong>M2M</strong> - growth pathsby Judi Gill, Director of Market Analysis & Strategy, ClarityThe machine-to-machine (<strong>M2M</strong>) market will challenge communications service providers’(CSPs), in ability to meet <strong>the</strong> demands it will make on networks, back office systems andbusiness strategy. The <strong>M2M</strong> market is still in its early stages, trying to prepare for <strong>the</strong> futurethat requires full integration between CSPs, customer organizations and end users. CSPswill need all <strong>the</strong>ir expertise in networks and large-scale operations to deal with competitionfrom utility companies, local authorities, insurance companies, dedicated <strong>M2M</strong> providersamong o<strong>the</strong>rs.Judi Gill is <strong>the</strong> Director of Market Analysis and Strategy at Clarity, where she is responsible for <strong>the</strong> company’s go-to-market positioningand activities. Ms Gill has worked in <strong>the</strong> telecommunications IT sector for over 20 years. Ms Gill started her career at Accenture, andhas since worked at operators and software providers around <strong>the</strong> world including BT, Optus, ADC, Bharti Airtel, MTN and Telcordia.Judi Gill holds a Bachelor of Commerce from <strong>the</strong> Australian National University, and a Diploma of Business Administration from <strong>the</strong>Australian Graduate School of Management.It’s easy to get carried away with <strong>M2M</strong> and<strong>the</strong> vision that <strong>the</strong> Internet of things willenable every device to connect with eacho<strong>the</strong>r to integrate all <strong>the</strong> strands of users’lives - from <strong>the</strong>ir household appliances,to <strong>the</strong> transport <strong>the</strong>y use and <strong>the</strong> services<strong>the</strong>y consume. However, achieving thatseamless environment in which every devicecommunicates ubiquitously with everythingelse that can have a chip installed is complex.Add to that <strong>the</strong> burgeoning <strong>M2M</strong> applicationsin <strong>the</strong> business-to-business market and<strong>the</strong> management and assurance burden isincreased. What is clear though is that this isa large opportunity for all involved even if <strong>the</strong>details are obscure today.Although <strong>the</strong> business models are unknown,<strong>the</strong>re will be many ways to generate revenuestreams from <strong>M2M</strong> services. There are twoextremes of <strong>the</strong> <strong>M2M</strong> market in its currentform. At one end <strong>the</strong>re are low ARPUpropositions that typically involve greatnumbers of deployed devices but need littlebandwidth, such as logistics where a vehiclecan report its location every couple of hours.Communications service providers, CSPsoften facilitate such services by providing<strong>the</strong> network, but third party <strong>M2M</strong> specialistsprovide <strong>the</strong> service. One-stop <strong>M2M</strong> serviceproviders handle <strong>the</strong> business from provisionto activation to monetization, while <strong>the</strong> CSPderives revenue from <strong>the</strong> capacity consumedby <strong>the</strong> services. This business model is wellestablished and <strong>the</strong> CSP and <strong>M2M</strong> serviceproviders work toge<strong>the</strong>r to offer simple,low cost and effective solutions. There is noreason why a CSP would seek to change thatsituation, although <strong>the</strong>re is nothing to prevent<strong>the</strong>m replicating <strong>the</strong> services offered by <strong>M2M</strong>specialists. Typically such a model is pay-perunit,with fairly flexible payment operationsand <strong>the</strong> providers have <strong>the</strong> knowledge andexpertise to continue to deliver <strong>the</strong>m to <strong>the</strong>satisfaction of customers and users.At <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r extreme, <strong>the</strong>re are sectorspecific,highly sensitive, solutions deployed,for example, to monitor oil pipelines or aperson’s health. Although <strong>the</strong>se types ofsolution may not require great bandwidth,<strong>the</strong>y require an extremely high level ofreliability and security across <strong>the</strong> networksof multiple CSPs. Given <strong>the</strong> critical nature of<strong>the</strong> service, it will generate premium revenueseven if it doesn’t clog <strong>the</strong> network.42 • Europe II 2013
Building <strong>the</strong> marketRegulations are likely to drive many <strong>M2M</strong>applications. In <strong>the</strong> EU, energy regulationsnow require <strong>the</strong> installation of smart meterin 80 per cent of European homes by2020. The European Commission aims tohave <strong>the</strong> automotive industry build ‘eCall’functionality built into all new cars by 2015;eCall provides automated emergency callingservice in <strong>the</strong> event of an accident. In <strong>the</strong>future, similar regulatory mandates are likelyto drive <strong>the</strong> growth of <strong>M2M</strong> in <strong>the</strong> healthcaremarket. Regulatory mandates are likely tocreate a number of o<strong>the</strong>r markets.Over time, many consumer devices willhave integrated <strong>M2M</strong>. Whenever a consumerbuys a refrigerator or an air conditioner,some party - an appliance manufacturer, aretailer or a utility - will offer an integrateddevice and <strong>M2M</strong> communications andservice package. CSPs might, <strong>the</strong>n, offerpackages for a range of domestic devices,smart meters and <strong>the</strong> like, using <strong>the</strong>irexperience with intricate rating modelsthat combine fixed, recurring and usagecharges. Third party applications might alsooffer management services for multiple<strong>M2M</strong>-enabled home devices, allowing<strong>the</strong>m to communicate via domestic WiFi,for example. Interestingly, a new report byMarkets and Markets estimates <strong>the</strong> totalEuropean smart homes market will be worthUS$3,267 million by 2015, with Nor<strong>the</strong>rnEurope continuing to dominate <strong>the</strong> EuropeanSmart Homes Market.In some situation, several parties might beinterested in <strong>the</strong> information from a device. Ifyour air conditioning is <strong>M2M</strong>-enabled, bothyou as <strong>the</strong> end user and your energy utilitymight want to monitor its consumption and<strong>the</strong> manufacturer might also be interestedin <strong>the</strong> unit’s performance to guide newproduct development or trigger preventativemaintenance. In <strong>the</strong> future refrigerators maybe able to re-order products from retailersaccording to parameters set by <strong>the</strong> consumer.In that scenario, <strong>the</strong> appliance maker mightoffer <strong>the</strong> service as added value or retailersmight pay for this functionality to drive <strong>the</strong>irown sales.These are ideas for <strong>the</strong> future, but <strong>the</strong>business models <strong>M2M</strong> will ultimately use -and who will pay - are unknown. A healthprovider could pay for a medical applicationthat monitors heart rates so <strong>the</strong> patientdoesn’t have to come to a clinic to have <strong>the</strong>irpulse checked by a nurse. The clinics costsavings should easily offset <strong>the</strong> costs of <strong>the</strong><strong>M2M</strong> service.Complexity - an enemy of profitabilityHigher value <strong>M2M</strong> business models arelikely to involve CSPs to a greater extentbecause of <strong>the</strong>ir expertise in reliablymanaging high-volume mission-criticalservices from end-to-end. However, CSPs<strong>the</strong>mselves need to prepare <strong>the</strong>mselves toefficiently offer such service. CSPs will needto develop an end-to-end view of <strong>the</strong> serviceacross <strong>the</strong> entire network, not just <strong>the</strong> <strong>M2M</strong>‘last mile’. They must avoid <strong>the</strong> needlesscomplexity of building ano<strong>the</strong>r operationalsilo to support <strong>M2M</strong> by maximizing <strong>the</strong> useof <strong>the</strong>ir in-place infrastructure and processesto enable an integrated view of both CSP andthird party service providers’ performance.<strong>M2M</strong> applications such as healthcare needa lot of monitoring to properly prioritisespecific types of traffic.Although most <strong>M2M</strong> communications willinvolve low bandwidth consumption, <strong>the</strong>proliferation of devices creates challenges forCSPs in terms of <strong>the</strong> signalling load this vastarray of devices may place on <strong>the</strong> network.CSPs have <strong>the</strong> skills to reduce signallingby <strong>the</strong> refining <strong>the</strong> software and operatingsystems; <strong>the</strong>y are accustomed to managingsuch issues at <strong>the</strong> great scale involved.The stakes are high for CSPs and <strong>M2M</strong>providers. Complexity is <strong>the</strong> enemy ofprofitability in such a high volume, lowmargin sector. Margins are so low that, ifanything goes wrong and a customer calls,profit from a terminal might be wiped out for<strong>the</strong> next two years or more. For that reason,<strong>M2M</strong> is an area that needs extremely closemanagement. Operators might be able to reusecomponents <strong>the</strong>y already have in place tosupport <strong>M2M</strong>, but only if those componentsare geared to do so and are upgraded toprovide a common support platform for all<strong>the</strong> CSP’s services.<strong>M2M</strong> SIM card provisioning shouldfollow <strong>the</strong> same process currently usedfor o<strong>the</strong>r service activation components.Once <strong>the</strong> industry starts to addresscritical applications at greater scale, <strong>the</strong>infrastructure will have to be standardisedto facilitate end-to-end service monitoring- services cannot be efficiently fragmentedacross multiple systems.The <strong>M2M</strong> market is clearly maturing,particularly in Europe, where, accordingto Frost & Sullivan’s telecom analyst YiruZhong, <strong>the</strong> number of connected devicesgrew by 60 per cent over <strong>the</strong> past year. Thisstatistic, toge<strong>the</strong>r with Gartner’s view that<strong>the</strong> market is continuing to grow at a rateof 30-40 per cent per year, suggests that <strong>the</strong>European <strong>M2M</strong> market holds much promise,but it is still a long way from maturity.The telecom industry is still migrating from2G wireless to 3G and 4G and incorporatingo<strong>the</strong>r technologies such as WiFi and WiMax.Significantly, today <strong>M2M</strong> communicationis typically one way from a device to acentral control or vice-versa. We can foresee,though, that as <strong>the</strong> market matures deviceswill communicate with each o<strong>the</strong>r, usingpredefined rules and user preferences tomanage day-to-day tasks. For example,if a user places a cap on <strong>the</strong>ir electricityconsumption, a smart meter may recognize<strong>the</strong>y are approaching <strong>the</strong> limit and, since <strong>the</strong>house’s burglar alarm is armed, may powerdown <strong>the</strong> air conditioning system. In thisscenario, three systems are communicatingwith each o<strong>the</strong>r; <strong>the</strong>y might evencommunicate using a domestic WiFi networkat negligible cost, even though <strong>the</strong> valuedelivered to <strong>the</strong> consumer may be significant.Ano<strong>the</strong>r example of how to integrate <strong>M2M</strong>applications to provide users with greatervalue might be in-car device communicationswith <strong>the</strong> car park at an airport. As <strong>the</strong> vehicleapproaches it can signal <strong>the</strong> car park operatorto reserve a parking space and interface witha loyalty system to award <strong>the</strong> driver with aspecial deal or a priority space depending on<strong>the</strong>ir status.As with any immature market, businessmodels are yet to be fully defined. CSPs willhave a role to play thanks to <strong>the</strong>ir expertisein networks and in handling processesat great scale. However, a raft of o<strong>the</strong>rorganizations from utility companies - manyof which already have network capacity, tolocal authorities, insurance companies anddedicated <strong>M2M</strong> providers will all have partsto play.As <strong>M2M</strong> matures and accelerates over <strong>the</strong>next decade <strong>the</strong>re will be mass-market uptakechanging <strong>the</strong> ways in which we all live.To get <strong>the</strong>re, common support platforms,integration across multiple networks andtechnology types, a greater understanding of<strong>the</strong> value chain and all those involved as wellas a continued focus on cost efficiency willneed to be achieved. •Europe II 2013 • 43