Ch 12 Review Sheet

Ch 12 Review SheetMatch each of the following definitions to the correct vocabulary term.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. Measure of the average KE of a particle in the system.2. Amount of energy needed to melt 1 kg of a substance at the meltingpoint.3. Temperature at which any additional heat will cause the substance tobegin changing from a liquid into a gas.4. Flow of thermal energy from one object into another object.5. Total amount of KE and PE associated with the random motion of theparticles in a system.6. Transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves.7. Amount of energy needed to raise 1 kg of a certain substance by 1 K.8. Temperature at which there is no remaining thermal energy in anobject.9. Description of thermal phenomena that is based on a collection of aparticles in motion.10. A device that converts thermal energy into work.11. The total change in the thermal energy of an isolated system is zero.12. Thermal energy that is discarded as part of the normal operation of aheat engine.13. The amount of energy needed to convert 1 kg of a substance to a gas atthe boiling point.14. Form of matter where particles are far apart and do not occupy a fixedvolume.15. Type of heat transfer when colder particles and warmer particlesintermingle.16. Changing from a gas into a liquid.17. Changing from a solid into a gas.18. A device, such as a refrigerator, that moves heat from a colder system,to a hotter system by the input of work.19. When two or more objects are at the same temperature and no longerexperience any net transfer of heat.20. The thermal energy of a system can be increased by adding heat or bydoing work.21. Form of matter where particles are close together and occupy a definitevolume, but do not maintain a fixed position relative to their neighbors.22. The amount of disorder in a system. Also describes the unavailabilityof energy.23. The fraction of the input energy that results in an output of usable work.24. All processes spontaneously move towards a state of greater entropy.25. Heat exchanged when particles at the surface of one object collide withparticles at the surface of another object.Liquid Solid Gas Heat Radiation Melting Conduction Convection Heat of Vaporization Heat PumpHeat of Fusion Specific Heat Temperature Thermal Energy Boiling Point Melting Point Absolute ZeroEntropy Waste Heat Condensation Efficiency Sublimation Heat Engine Kinetic Molecular TheoryLaw of Heat Exchange Thermal Equilibrium 1 st Law of Thermodynamics 2 nd Law of Thermodynamics

Problems (use values of c, Hv, and Hf from your text book or worksheets)1. When 160,000 J of heat are added to a 5.0 kg block of glass the temperature rises from 22 o C to 62 o C.What is the specific heat of the glass?2. The specific heat of mercury is 380 J/kg/K. How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 42 gof mercury from 25 o C to 39 o C?3. Silver has a specific heat of 236 J/kg/K. What will be the final temperature if a silver ring with a mass of12.0 g and a temperature of 115 o C is dropped into 32.0 g of water initially at 25 o C. Assume that no heat istransferred to the container.4. A hot object has a mass of 92 g, and an initial temperature of 135 o C. It is dropped into a 120 g coppercalorimeter cup which contains 140 g of water initially at 18 o C. When the system reaches equilibrium thetemperature has risen to 24 o C. What is the specific heat of the object? (cCu=386 J/kg/K)5. The heat of fusion of lead is 23,200 J. How much energy is needed to melt 135 g of lead once you get it toits melting point of 870 o C?6. How much energy is needed to turn 23 g of water completely into steam if it starts at a temperature of8.0 o C?7. Explain why the temperature of an object does not change when it undergoes a change of state.8. Explain what is meant by entropy. Give several examples of systems whose entropy increases with time.9. Give three different ways of stating the second law of thermodynamics.10. What does a heat engine do? Give at least one example of a heat engine. What is waste heat and howdoes it affect the efficiency of a heat engine?