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1 Drug interactions in an elderly patient with significant polypharmacy

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12 <strong>Drug</strong> Interactions Case Study: Polypharmacy <strong>in</strong> Elderly <strong>with</strong> Chronic Kidney Disease pharmacological m<strong>an</strong>agement. Adherence, careful adm<strong>in</strong>istration <strong>an</strong>d dos<strong>in</strong>g may be <strong>an</strong> issue <strong>in</strong> most <strong>elderly</strong> <strong>patient</strong>s so a careful effort should be made to assess possible adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly, due to genetic <strong>an</strong>d metabolic susceptibility. Article <strong>an</strong>d Text References: 1. "The Effect of Digox<strong>in</strong> on Mortality <strong>an</strong>d Morbidity <strong>in</strong> Patients <strong>with</strong> Heart Failure. the Digitalis Investigation Group." The New Engl<strong>an</strong>d Journal of Medic<strong>in</strong>e. 336.8 (1997): 525-­‐33. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 2. Ball<strong>an</strong>tyne, CM, A Cors<strong>in</strong>i, MH Davidson, H Holdaas, TA Jacobson, E Leitersdorf, W März, JP Reckless, <strong>an</strong>d EA Ste<strong>in</strong>. "Risk for Myopathy <strong>with</strong> Stat<strong>in</strong> Therapy <strong>in</strong> High-­‐Risk Patients." Archives of Internal Medic<strong>in</strong>e. 163.5 (2003): 553-­‐64. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 3. B<strong>an</strong>galore, S, S Parkar, E Grossm<strong>an</strong>, <strong>an</strong>d F.H Messerli. "A Meta-­‐Analysis of 94,492 Patients <strong>with</strong> Hypertension Treated <strong>with</strong> Beta Blockers to Determ<strong>in</strong>e the Risk of New-­‐Onset Diabetes Mellitus." The Americ<strong>an</strong> Journal of Cardiology. 100.8 (2007): 1254-­‐1262. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 4. Baselt, R<strong>an</strong>dall C. Disposition of Toxic <strong>Drug</strong>s <strong>an</strong>d Chemicals <strong>in</strong> M<strong>an</strong>. Davis, Calif: Biomedical Publications, 1982. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 5. Ford, ES, C Li, G Zhao, WS Pearson, <strong>an</strong>d AH Mokdad. "Hypertriglyceridemia <strong>an</strong>d Its Pharmacologic Treatment Among Us Adults." Archives of Internal Medic<strong>in</strong>e. 169.6 (2009): 572-­‐8. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 6. Good, C B. "Polypharmacy <strong>in</strong> Elderly Patients <strong>with</strong> Diabetes." Diabetes Spectrum. 15.4 (2002): 240-­‐248. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 7. Greenhalgh, J, A Bagust, A Bol<strong>an</strong>d, C.M Saborido, J Oyee, M Blundell, Y Dundar, R Dickson, C Proudlove, <strong>an</strong>d M Fisher. "Clopidogrel <strong>an</strong>d Modified-­‐Release Dipyridamole for the Prevention of Occlusive Vascular Events (review of Technology Appraisal No. 90): a Systematic Review <strong>an</strong>d Economic Analysis." Health Technology Assessment Southampton. 15.31 (2011). Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 8. Hilmer, SN, GM Shenfield, <strong>an</strong>d Couteur D. G. Le. "Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Implications of Ch<strong>an</strong>ges <strong>in</strong> Hepatic <strong>Drug</strong> Metabolism <strong>in</strong> Older People." Therapeutics <strong>an</strong>d Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Risk M<strong>an</strong>agement. 1.2 (2005): 151-­‐6. Pr<strong>in</strong>t. 9. Hunt, SA. "ACC/AHA 2005 Guidel<strong>in</strong>e Update for the Diagnosis <strong>an</strong>d M<strong>an</strong>agement of Chronic Heart Failure <strong>in</strong> the Adult: a Report of the Americ<strong>an</strong> College of Cardiology/americ<strong>an</strong> Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidel<strong>in</strong>es (writ<strong>in</strong>g Committee to Update the 2001 Guidel<strong>in</strong>es for the Evaluation <strong>an</strong>d M<strong>an</strong>agement of Heart Failure)." Journal of the Americ<strong>an</strong> College of Cardiology. 46.6 (2005): 1-­‐82. Pr<strong>in</strong>t.

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