The Indigenous Land Claims in New Zealand and Canada

fisheries quotas. Two companies, Raukura Moana Seafoods Ltd., and Raukura Moana Fisheries Ltd.,have been charged with managing the assets of the fisheries portfolio. The tourism investmentsinclude the Mercure Grand Puka Park Resort at Pauanui and the Novotel Tainui Hotel in Hamilton,which is Waikato’s first and only four-star hotel. The company also has interests in rural lands. Itmanages three farms, which include two dairy units, a beef and a sheep station. The group also owns26 rural blocks of varying sizes.In 2003-04, Tainui Group Holdings Ltd. experienced a 90% increase in net profit over theprevious year, from NZ$8.3 million to NZ$15.8 million. The net operating profit excludes assetrealizations that increased by 94% for the year from NZ$4.7 million to NZ$9.1 million. The groupmade a distribution of NZ$5.45 million to its shareholder, the Waikato Raupatu Lands Trust, whichrepresents the people of Waikato-Tainui. The company’s total assets are now NZ$180 million with noexternal debt.The Ngai Tahu AgreementBeginning in 1848, the Crown made ten major land purchases, totalling 34.5 million acres,from the Ngai Tahu people of the South Island of New Zealand. The Ngai Tahu is the third largesttribe in New Zealand (Paulin, 5) and comprises approximately 5% of the total Maori population (IOG,21). Under the terms of the Treaty of Waitangi, the Crown had promised to establish hospitals andschools and undertook to set aside 10% of Ngai Tahu land as reserves for tribal economicdevelopment. The Crown failed to honour these promises. As a result the Ngai Tahu people werenever able to participate in the land-based economy and consequently became an impoverished andlandless tribe.In 1906, the South Island Landless Natives Act was passed and as a result 116,000 acres ofland were allocated to the tribe, which was equal to 31 acres per listed tribe member. This was not30