Part 3 - Australian Alps National Parks

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206Celebrating Mountains – An International Year of Mountains ConferenceJindabyne, New South Wales, Australia
Addressing Invasive Plant Species As A Threat To The Natural Values Of The Australian Alps: English Broom As A Case StudyKate McArthurKeith Turnbull Research Institute. Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Frankston VIC 3199 SummaryEnglish broom, Cytisus scoparius, is an upright woody legumeous shrub native to western and centralEurope. Outside of its native range, English/Scotch broom (broom) is an aggressive invader of a broadrange of ecological habitats and mountainous vegetation communities. Since its introduction into the highcountry in the early 1800s, broom has naturalised over 150, 000 hectares from those first few planting’s,and has had a significant impact on invaded habitats through the formation of a chokingly denseunderstorey monoculture. Broom has reached management priority within the Australian Alps nationalparks (AAnps) due to its threat to and impact on biological diversity and its virtually unlimited potentialto spread throughout the whole biogeographical region. This paper will outline the development of astrategic response to broom within the Australian Alps and will use Victoria as a case study to illustratehow effective that response has been in affecting change.IntroductionEnglish broomBroom was introduced into Australia around 1800, after Governor King requested broom seeds fromEngland, which were to be grown and used as a substitute for hops (Hoskings et al 1996). Since itsintroduction, broom has become an aggressive invader of a wide range of ecological habitats. Broom’ssuccess as an aggressive invader rests with its ability to survive on low levels of resource availability. Awide tolerance of soil conditions, temperature and rainfall regimes, the ability to fix nitrogen in the soil,two flowering periods and the ability to set seed over a wide altitudinal range have contributed to itsspread (Williams 1981). The absence of predators has also contributed to the spread of broom in southeastern Australia.Broom is a prolific seeder with 2 flowering periods (spring and autumn). It is estimated that each matureplant produces on average 26, 000 viable seeds per year, the majority of which are stores in a soil seedbank characteristic of broom infestations. There can be up to 50, 000 seeds per square meter in the soil(CRC Weeds 2000). The latest viability figures for broom seeds stored dry stands at 80 years.Celebrating Mountains – An International Year of Mountains ConferenceJindabyne, New South Wales, Australia207
Page 2 and 3: 200Celebrating Mountains - An Inter
Page 5: Cultural ContextThe southern margin
Page 10 and 11: Broom In The Australian Alps Introd
Page 12 and 13: Tumut workshop The English broom wo
Page 16 and 17: Natural area tourismTourism is the
Page 18 and 19: (bare areas and weed cover) per km
Page 20 and 21: McDougall, K.L. and Appleby, ML. (2
Page 22 and 23: As the demand for fresh water incre
Page 24 and 25: Mountain Catchment Biomes As with m
Page 26 and 27: ReferenceDavis, S.D., Heywood, V.H.
Page 28 and 29: KNP Package, are designed to provid
Page 30 and 31: General environmental managementFor
Page 32 and 33: Former Snowy Scheme Sites The corpo
Page 36 and 37: Map 1 - The Main Range showing the
Page 38 and 39: The freeze-thaw cycle also disturbs
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Page 42 and 43: The landscape has been stabilised,
Page 44 and 45: Kosciusko State Park Trust, 1963. P
Page 48 and 49: ottom line approach whereby social,
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Page 52 and 53: ReferencesConservation and Environm
Page 54 and 55: over the past 200 years and a measu
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Several studies have been undertake
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Mt Hotham ResortA pilot ultrafiltra
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REFERENCESJacangelo, J., Adham, S.
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Kosciuszko National Park attracts a
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improvements are ongoing. An EMS Op
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All stakeholders are responsible fo
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268Celebrating Mountains - An Inter
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market and invite feedback from the
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272Celebrating Mountains - An Inter
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foundation for a variety of income
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noted above, often visitors will re
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experiences that are provided are r
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Importance of Benefits by SegmentIm
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Literature CitedBorrie, W. T. and R
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simply not receiving the leaflets.
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5. American researchers had examine
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Formative EvaluationBetween Februar
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The two-part directive is short, al
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ReferencesAjzen, I., 1991, The Theo
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.294Celebrating Mountains - An Inte
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Within the CRC ST there are seven p
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SummerTourismSummerVisitor UsageAlp
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References AALC See Australian Alps
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LiteratureCumulative impacts (CI) a
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There are still conflicts in relati
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Some of the challenges inherent in
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Minichiello V, A. R., Timewell E, a
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Part 3 - Australian Alps National Parks

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