Leonidou et al. 2006 EJM.pdf

about a tenth of this market (Terpstra and Sarathy, 2000). The Haier Group is the world’ssecond largest refrigerator maker and fifth largest white goods maker, and has been selling awide range of products under its own brand name in 160 countries, including the UK (Wu,2003).9. An attempt has been made in this study to examine the moderating effect of variousdemographic (i.e. gender, age, education, and income) and psychographic (i.e. travelingintensity, interest in international affairs, political ideology, and personality type) factors oneach of the three hypotheses. However, with the exception of education, all other factors didnot reveal significant results.US versusChinese goods815ReferencesAgarwal, S. and Sikri, S. (1996), “Country image: consumer evaluation of product countryextensions”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 23-39.Agarwal, S., Teas, R. and Wong, J.K. (1997), “Entity context and format induced instability inmulti-attribute ratings of country image”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 14 No. 6,pp. 486-504.Ahmed, S.A. and d’Astous, A. (1993), “Cross-national evaluation of made-in concept usingmultiple cues”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 27 No. 7, pp. 39-52.Ahmed, S.A. and d’Astous, A. (1996), “Country of origin and brand effects: a multi-dimensionaland a multi-attribute study”, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 9 No. 2,pp. 93-115.Ahmed, S.A., d’Astous, A. and Eljabri, J. (2002a), “The impact of technological complexity onconsumers’ perceptions of products made in highly and newly industrialised countries”,International Marketing Review, Vol. 19 No. 4, pp. 387-407.Ahmed, S.A., d’Astous, A. and Lemire, S. (1997), “Country-of-origin effects in the US and Canada:implications for the marketing of products made in Mexico”, Journal of InternationalConsumer Marketing, Vol. 10 Nos 1/2, pp. 73-92.Ahmed, Z.U., Johnson, J.P., Ling, C.P., Fang, T.W. and Hui, A.K. (2002b), “Country-of-origin andbrand effects on consumers; evaluations of cruise lines”, International Marketing Review,Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 279-302.Al-Sulaiti, K.I. and Baker, M.J. (1998), “Country of origin effects: a literature review”, MarketingIntelligence & Planning, Vol. 16 No. 3, pp. 150-99.Alden, D.L. (1993), “Product trial and country-of-origin: an analysis of perceived risk effects”,Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 6 No. 1, pp. 7-26.Amine, L.S. and Shin, S.-H. (2002), “A comparison of consumer nationality as a determinant ofCOO preferences”, Multinational Business Review, Vol. 10 No. 1, pp. 45-53.Anderson, W.T. and Cunningham, W.H. (1972), “Gauging foreign product promotion”, Journal ofAdvertising Research, Vol. 12 No. 1, pp. 29-34.Bagozzi, R.P. and Yi, Y. (1988), “On the evaluation of structural equation models”, Journal of theAcademy of Marketing Science, Vol. 16 No. 1, pp. 271-84.Bailey, W. and Pineres, S. (1997), “Country of origin attitudes of Mexico: the malinchismo effect”,Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp. 25-41.Balabanis, G. and Diamantopoulos, A. (2004), “Domestic country bias, country-of-origin effects,and consumer ethnocentrism: a multidimensional unfolding approach”, Journal of theAcademy of Marketing Science, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 80-95.Balabanis, G., Mueller, R. and Melewar, T.C. (2002), “The human values’ lenses of country oforigin images”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 19 No. 6, pp. 582-610.