Jefferson Salamander - Amphibian Specialist Group

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Recovery Strategy for the Jefferson Salamander in OntarioGLOSSARYExtant population: A population that has been confirmed in the last 20 years.Historic population: A population that has not been confirmed in the last 20 years but isnot yet confirmed as extirpated.Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC): Thecommittee responsible for assessing and classifying species at risk in Canada.Committee on the Status of Species at Risk in Ontario (COSSARO): The committeeestablished under section 3 of the Endangered Species Act, 2007 that isresponsible for assessing and classifying species at risk in Ontario.Conservation status rank: A rank assigned to a species or ecological community thatprimarily conveys the degree of rarity of the species or community at the global(G), national (N) or subnational (S) level. These ranks, termed G-rank, N-rankand S-rank, are not legal designations. The conservation status of a species orecosystem is designated by a number from 1 to 5, preceded by the letter G, N orS reflecting the appropriate geographic scale of the assessment. The numbersmean the following:1 = critically imperilled2 = imperilled3 = vulnerable4 = apparently secure5 = secureControl site: A study site against which all other study sites will be compared. In thecase of the Jefferson Salamander, a control site is one where conditions areknown to be typical for the species and where there is a lack of disturbance.Element occurrence: As used by NatureServe conservation data centres, an occurrenceof an element of biodiversity (e.g., species or ecological community) on thelandscape; an area of land and/or water on/in which an element is or waspresent. The NHIC uses a 1 kilometre radius to define element occurrences ofthe Jefferson Salamander in Ontario.Endangered Species Act, 2007 (ESA 2007): The provincial legislation that providesprotection to species at risk in Ontario.Hydroperiod: The duration of time in which water is present in a vernal pool or otherwetland.Polyploid: [Of] An organism that contains more than two sets of chromosomes (e.g.,triploid – three sets of chromosomes, tetraploid – four sets of chromosomes).24
Recovery Strategy for the Jefferson Salamander in OntarioExamples within the Ambystoma laterale–jeffersonianum complex include LJJ,LLJ, LJJJ, and so on.Species at Risk Act (SARA): The federal legislation that provides protection to speciesat risk in Canada. This act establishes Schedule 1 as the legal list of wildlifespecies at risk to which the SARA provisions apply. Schedules 2 and 3 containlists of species that at the time the act came into force needed to be reassessed.After species on Schedule 2 and 3 are reassessed and found to be at risk, theyundergo the SARA listing process to be included in Schedule 1.Species at Risk in Ontario (SARO) List: The regulation made under section 7 of theEndangered Species Act, 2007 that provides the official status classification ofspecies at risk in Ontario. This list was first published in 2004 as a policy andbecame a regulation in 2008.Snout to vent length (SVL): A standard measurement of an animal’s body length. Themeasurement is from the tip of the nose (snout) to the cloaca (vent), andexcludes the tail.Unisexual: A female member of the Ambystoma laterale–jeffersonianum complex thatuses a form of reproduction whereby sperm is required to stimulate eggdevelopment but the male’s genes are not incorporated. The offspring aregenetically identical to their mothers.Vernal pool: Also known as an “ephemeral wetland,” a landform depression thattemporarily fills with water following snowmelt in the spring and heavy rainfall oras a result of a high water table. Vernal pools vary in their size, shape, depth,timing and duration of flooding, and the types of species that are able to usethem. A defining feature of vernal pools is that they usually dry by the middle ofthe summer; some vernal pools, however, may dry only every couple of years.25
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Jefferson Salamander - Amphibian Specialist Group

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