Overview - Overtopping Protection for Concrete Dams
Overview - Overtopping Protection for Concrete Dams
Overview - Overtopping Protection for Concrete Dams
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<strong>Concrete</strong> Dam <strong>Overtopping</strong>• While most concrete dams can likely withstandovertopping flows due to their rock foundations,some may be vulnerable due to jointing andfracturing in the rock abutments and d/s toe, or dueto erodibility of softer rock foundations• Consider magnitude and duration of overtopping• Appurtenant structures may require protection fromovertopping flows, such as a powerplant or outletworks control house at downstream toe of dam• Evaluate any potential hydrologic failure modes2
Approaches to <strong>Protection</strong>• Methods used to analyze and address theimpacts of overtopping on embankmentand concrete dams differ greatly• <strong>Concrete</strong> dams are naturally resistant toerosion, but may be susceptible to stabilityconcerns due to higher reservoir heads orweaknesses in the foundation• Fewer types of overtopping protectionalternatives are generally available
Technical Manual <strong>Overview</strong>• Part 2 – <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>Dams</strong>o Chapter 11 – Generalo Chapter 12 – Roller-Compacted <strong>Concrete</strong>o Chapter 13 – Conventional and Mass <strong>Concrete</strong>o Chapter 14 – Foundation and AbutmentRein<strong>for</strong>cingo Chapter 15 – Tailwater Pool Technologieso Chapter 16 – <strong>Concrete</strong> Dam Summary
Technical Seminar Outline<strong>Overtopping</strong> <strong>Protection</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>Dams</strong>• RCC and Conventional <strong>Concrete</strong>• Foundation and Abutment Rein<strong>for</strong>cing• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) <strong>for</strong><strong>Overtopping</strong> Evaluation
Technical Manual Case StudiesRCC Buttresses <strong>for</strong> <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>Dams</strong>:• Camp Dyer Diversion Dam, AZ– Crest raise <strong>for</strong> straight masonry gravity dam– RCC overtopped within 8 months of completion• Santa Cruz Dam, NM– Seismic stability <strong>for</strong> curved concrete arch dam• Pueblo Dam, CO– Sliding stability <strong>for</strong> concrete spillway structure
Camp Dyer Diversion Dam
Santa Cruz Dam
Pueblo Dam
Technical Manual Case StudiesConventional <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>Dams</strong>:• Gibson Dam, MT– <strong>Concrete</strong> protection and abutmentrein<strong>for</strong>cement <strong>for</strong> arch dam• Coolidge Dam, AZ– <strong>Concrete</strong> protection <strong>for</strong> dome/buttress dam• Stony Gorge Dam, CA– <strong>Concrete</strong> protection <strong>for</strong> slab/buttress dam(right abutment only)
Coolidge Dam
Stony Gorge Dam
Technical Manual Case StudiesPlunge Pool <strong>for</strong> <strong>Concrete</strong> <strong>Dams</strong>:• Theodore Roosevelt Dam, AZ– Unlined excavated pool <strong>for</strong> gated spillwaydischarges
Excavated Plunge PoolsTheodore Roosevelt Dam, AZ
Impinging Jets in TailwaterHydraulics of free fallingjets may produce:• Rock erosion• Brittle fracture• Fatigue failure• Plucking failure• Dispersal in pool withno effect on foundation
Stream Power vs Erosion IndexDamageNo Damage
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