...Bush, bin Laden, 9-11...1993, and in battle after battle, they routed the mujahideen whileserving Pakistani/Saudi needs. In November 1994, Benazir Bhuttoutilized the Taliban to rescue a major trade caravan that had beencaptured and was being held for ransom by the local warlord ofKandahar.The incredible success of the Taliban also caused a rethinkingwithin Pakistan’s ISI. The ISI joined with the Interior Ministry’sspecial forces to train and equip the Taliban. However, much ofthat funding was coming from Saudi Arabia, as the Taliban wereeating up almost $70 million a month.On November 5, 1994, the Taliban captured Kandahar, andimmediately set about establishing their brand of Islam on the conqueredprovince. It was ordered that all girls and women were nolonger to be educated nor allowed to work. Girls were allowedonly to study the holy scriptures of the Koran - and only up to age8. Females could not leave their homes unless covered completelyby a Burqa and accompanied by a male relative. The Taliban alsobanned music, movies, television, videos, kite flying, and the owningof pigeons, and ordered that all men must grow a beard andadopt Islamic names. Stoning, whipping, and executions becamecommonplace as the Taliban conquered more and more of Afghanterritory (16,21)The Saudis were most pleased with the Taliban’s strict enforcementof the Wahhabi brand of Islam. By contrast, the Shiitsand thus the Iranians, along with the Tajiks, Hazaras and Uzbeksfeared them as it was a common practice for the Taliban to murderShiit men, women, and children—including virgins who would beraped first, as it is against Islamic law to kill a virgin.In September of 1996, after fierce fighting, the Taliban seizedJalalabad, Sarobi, Asadabad, and drove General Abdul RashidDostum from Kabul. As they retreated, General Dostum’s fightersreportedly slaughtered over 30,000 people and raped young girlsand mutilated their bodies and breasts (17). Dostum would laterbecome an ally of the George W. Bush administration.General Dostum escaped the Taliban. Najibullah was not solucky. The Taliban tortured him, cut off his genitals which werestuffed into his mouth, and then hanged him and his brothers andassistants (16). On the same day, the Taliban installed a ruling coun-383
America Betrayedcil of six men (a shura) which was commanded by the one-eyed, 6'6" tall, Mullah Mohammed Omar. Afghanistan had a new governmentwhich was ruled by the Taliban whose goal was to establish apure Islamic state.Iran, Russia, India, and the central Asian states all condemnedthe takeover. But not the U.S., Saudi Arabia or Pakistan. SaudiArabia, Pakistan, and the United Arab Emirates gave diplomaticrecognition to the Taliban. They were eager to do business with theTaliban, as Afghanistan held the key to the oil riches in the territoriesnorth of Afghan’s border: Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan,Azerbaijan, and Uzbekistan. The plan was, once Afghanistan wascompletely conquered and stabilized, an oil pipeline could be constructed,from the central Asian states, across Afghanistan, and thento Pakistan and thus to the sea and world markets.Of course, there were other routes, such as through Russia orIran—but these were unacceptable to the Saudis, the U.S., and Pakistan.An oil pipeline, built across Afghanistan and Pakistan, wouldenable these states to become like oil-rich Saudi Arabia, as well asruled by Muslims subscribing to the Wahhabi branch of Sunni Islam.By contrast, the Sunni-Wahhabis not only detested Iran, withits Shiit population, but hoped to someday conquer and convert itspeople to the Sunni branch of the Islamic faith.Likewise, the U.S. had no interest in doing business with theIranians and thus favored the Afghanistan-Pakistan plan.Islamabad, Pakistan, is the main route from Afghanistan tothe sea, which is yet another reason Pakistan’s rulers and the Pakistanmilitary and Intelligence services helped to create and wereeager to support the Taliban. A puppet-like Afghanistan would notonly extend their control and power, but would serve as a conduitfor incredible riches that would be theirs once a pipeline was built,linking the oil-rich Caspian basin and the central Asian states withPakistan—a pipeline that would cross Afghanistan once the Talibanconquered the country.The Taliban, however, were not al-Qaeda. They were notonly independent of Osama bin Laden, but as they continued tocapture more and more of Afghanistan, and were closing in onKabul, they were becoming more independent of Pakistan and SaudiArabia (16). As they captured more of Afghanistan, that indepen-384
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