AMERICA BETRAYED - Brain & Mind

America BetrayedDarya leading north to the then-Soviet Union. It was a happy coexistence.”When it came to the Soviet Union, however, happy coexistencewas not the aim of Republican foreign policy, which also explainsthe road being constructed to Pakistan. The ulterior goals ofthe United States were not so much to aid in the development ofAfghanistan but to eliminate Soviet influence (28,30,31,32). Anyoil pipeline that might someday link the oil-rich states to the sea,must pass through Afghanistan and then Pakistan. Pakistan was thekey to Afghanistan and Pakistan never wanted an independent orSoviet-controlled Afghanistan. They wanted a Pakistani puppet.However in 1973, the Soviets gained the upper hand, when aseries of coups brought down Afghani King Mohammed Zahir Shah.A Marxist dictatorship later came to power in 1978.*******In the late 1970s, the CIA in conjunction with the Saudi Royalfamily, began to sketch out long ranged plans to destabilize Afghanistan,Iraq, and the southern Islamic states of the Soviet Union(28,30,31,32). It was believed that terror attacks and the importingof Sunni Wahhabism into these regions would create a Islamic fundamentalistuprising, causing the oil-rich southern states to breakaway (3,5). These uprisings, it was hoped would also cause thesecular government of Iraq and the communist government of Afghanistan,to fall.Once this was accomplished the oil of the Soviet central Asianrepublics, could then be pumped, along a pipeline leading acrossAfghanistan into Pakistan, and from there to the sea. Hence, notonly the southern states, but Afghanistan would have to be freedfrom communist Soviet control.The Soviets had been in Afghanistan since the Bolshevikrevolution in 1919. When, a few years later, the Afghans broke theyoke of the English, the Russians invaded the country, setting uphospitals, schools, and telephone and telegraph communicationssystems (33). Nevertheless, the Brits remained interested partiesand struggled with the Soviets to regain influence. They were soonjoined by the Americans.In 1929 Nader Shah became king of Afghanistan, and was374