Feed the Future FY 2010 Implementation Plan, Tanzania

(1.34 million)accounting for half ofthe total. FY 2010investments will setthe stage for a fiveyearplan to increasestaples supply inTanzania by 25%(1.25 million tons),turning Tanzania intoa net exporter by2014.USAID assistance is based on six establishedcriteria:Potential to impact food security at thehousehold level;Impact on poverty reduction;Potential for regional trade;FY 2010investments will setthe stage for a fiveyear plan toincrease staplessupply in Tanzaniaby 25% (1.25 milliontons), turningTanzania into a netexporter by 2014.Overall economic impact and cross-sectorallinkages;Potential to reduce risk and vulnerability toclimate change; andPotential to improve the enablingenvironment and private sectorcompetitiveness.In addition to staples, USAID will continue tosupport and expand horticulture and livestockas secondary value chains.Deficiencies in energy and protein, andmicronutrients such as minerals and vitamins,are high in Tanzania. Horticulture contributesto food security through increased income(improving household purchasing power) andopportunities for nutritional diversification.Horticultural crops are popular with womenfarmers and not land intensive. Given that landin Tanzania is commonly inherited alongpaternity lines, horticulture is less prone to landtenure constraints.USAID livestock support offers an opportunityto reach vulnerable populations in pastoralcommunities who depend on markets for theirfood grain supply. Tanzania has the third largestlivestock population in Africa (over 15 millionhead), but the sector contributes only 6.1% ofGDP. A recent study estimated that over280,000 head of cattle are exported informallyto Kenya alone. Development of a profitableand formalized livestock value chain willincrease livestock keepers’ incomes, choice indomestic markets and overall export revenue.4.1.1. Increased AgriculturalProductivity – Irrigation, RuralRoads, Farm InputsCurrent/Potential USG/Donor Partners:USDA, ASDP Basket (World Bank, Japan,Ireland, IFAD, AfDB), the Gates FoundationMDG1: Increasing productivity will reduce thenumber of people suffering from hungerKey Issue: Low productivity has hamperedTanzania’s growth in the agricultural sector.Most staples have yields of less than one ton/ha.The 2002-2003 agricultural census shows thatTanzania’s average yields for maize and rice arefar below the African average at 0.75 (1.29tons/ha in Africa) for maize, and 0.95 (2.3tons/ha in Africa) for rice. Low productivity ofcereals in Tanzania is attributed to dependencyon rain-fed agriculture and low usage offertilizer, improved seeds and pesticides.GOT Priority:Tanzania has over2.3 million ha of highpotentialland forirrigation, but only289,245 ha aredeveloped. The ASDPTanzania has over2.3 million ha ofhigh potential landfor irrigation butonly 289,245 ha aredeveloped.target to develop 441,000 ha of land forirrigation by 2010 is far from being reached.Morogoro Region is considered to have thehighest irrigation potential, but remains theleast developed in irrigation infrastructure withover 350,000 agricultural families usingtraditional irrigation canals in Morogoro. TheMinistry of Agriculture has completed feasibilitystudies for seven irrigation schemes identified inthe National Irrigation Master Plan.ASDP has allocated resources to support avoucher system for fertilizer and seed subsidies.11