4. Jahrestagung von NOBIS Austria 2. - 3. Dezember 2010

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Phylogeography of the East-Alpine members of the landsnail species Orcula dolium (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Orculidae) Harl, J., Kruckenhauser, L., Sattmann, H., Duda, M. & Haring, E. Museum of Natural History Vienna, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria, e-mail: josef.harl@nhm-wien.ac.at, luise.kruckenhauser@nhm-wien.ac.at, helmut.sattmann@nhm-wien.ac.at, michael.duda@nhm-wien.ac.at, elisabeth.haring@nhm-wien.ac.at Orcula dolium has the widest distribution among the species of the genus Orcula and inhabits the calcareous parts of the Alps and the Northern Carpathians. Since it had been described in 1801 by DRAPARNAUD, various authors added a minimum of 23 further subspecies. Most of these subspecies represent local forms that inhabit only small, partly isolated regions and differ from the nominate subspecies in their shell shape and the expression of their aperture's folds. Besides the common O. dolium dolium, six subspecies have been described from the Eastern Alps. Two of them, O. dolium edita and O. dolium raxae, are restricted to different elevations of high mountain areas. According to the literature, the nominate subspecies is sporadically found in the same habitats as the high alpine forms, but no intermediate morphs have been detected. This observation raises the question if these taxa represent distinct species. To determine whether these taxa are differentiated genetically and to reveal their relationships, snails were collected from sites covering the main part of the East Alpine distribution range of the species. Two mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S rRNA) as well as the nuclear histone H3-H4-spacer region were sequenced and genetic distances calculated. Additionally, morphometric landmark analyses were conducted to examine if the phylogeny is in accordance with shell morphological differentiation. In the trees based on mitochondrial data several highly distinct clades were found, which are mostly not congruent with the described taxa. In particular, the high Alpine subspecies do not represent distinct lineages. In the H3-H4-spacer region almost no variation was found within the O. dolium group and the tree does not reflect the mitochondrial haplogroups. _____________________________________________________________________________ 18 Ber. Inst. Erdwiss. K.-F.-Univ. Graz, Band 15, 2010; ISSN 1608-8166
The roots of sea-turtle fouling barnacles (Chelonibiidae, Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) Harzhauser, M. 1 , Newman, W.A. 2 & Grunert, P. 3 1 Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological Department, Burgring 7, A-1014 Vienna, Austria, e-mail: mathias.harzhauser@nhm-wien.ac.at 2 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, California, USA. E-mail: wnewman@ucsd.edu 3 Institute for Earth Sciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 26, A-8010 Graz, Austria. E-mail: patrick.grunert@uni-graz.at The geological evidence for the phylogeny of sessile barnacles comes predominately from intertidal and shallow sublittoral records. Therefore, numerous balanoid species of genera such as Acasta, Concavus, Perforatus and Balanus are described. This wealth in data is contrasted by an extremely poor knowledge of open marine taxa which obligatorily cling to free swimming objects such as gars, cetaceans, sirenians, turtles and even sea snakes . This group is mainly represented by members of the coronuloid barnacles (chelonibiids, platylepadids & coronulids). The origin of the mainly sea-turtle fouling balanomorph family Chelonibiidae is still poorly documented. Aside from an erratic Eocene occurrence, assigned to an extinct subfamily, the extant subfamily Chelonobiinae did not appear in the fossil record before the Late Miocene. Now, a new lineage is recorded as an extinct sister-group of the Chelonibiinae. It is based on a 21-million-year-old fossil colony from Pucking (Ebelsberg Formation; Upper Austria). The new subfamily is known so far only from the proto-Mediterranean and the Paratethys seas and ranged from Early Miocene to Late Pliocene times. Members of the subfamily are characterised by large walls with tripartite rostra which display distinct sutures on the external surface. The tripartite rostrum, however, has evolved independently several times in the evolution of the balanomorphs and cannot be treated as synapomorphy. The subfamily comprises one new genus and two species. The sculpture of the host substratum is preserved as imprints along the carino laterals of one specimen. Although the pattern of ridges and furrows cannot be identified with certainty, the similarities with the sculpture of the carapax of modern Caretta suggests the new genus as earliest record of sea-turtle fouling in balanids. The co-existence of members of both subfamilies during the Miocene and Pliocene documents a higher diversity of chelonibiids in pre-Pleistocene times and indicates that Chelonibiinae were able to outcompete their supposed sister-group with the onset of the glacial cycles. _____________________________________________________________________________ Ber. Inst. Erdwiss. K.-F.-Univ. Graz, Band 15, 2010; ISSN 1608-8166 19
Page 1 and 2: 4. Jahrestagung von NOBIS Austria 2
Page 3 and 4: Systematics - applied? Donnerstag -
Page 5 and 6: 13:50 - 14:10 J. Walochnik & H. Asp
Page 7 and 8: Astonishing Diversity of Somatic Ci
Page 9 and 10: Long-distance travels with short-li
Page 11 and 12: How and why to achieve more objecti
Page 13 and 14: Protists as bioindicators for soil
Page 15 and 16: Crypitc diversity in European Genti
Page 17: Determination of the prevalence of
Page 21 and 22: Integrative taxonomy: Combining che
Page 23 and 24: Morphological distinctness despite
Page 25 and 26: The eastern wolf: truths and myths
Page 27 and 28: WoRMS and the World Echinoidea Data
Page 29 and 30: Population genetics and phylogeogra
Page 31 and 32: Microscopic and molecular analyses
Page 33 and 34: Lichen diversity of Armenia Mayrhof
Page 35 and 36: Species evolution in lichen symbios
Page 37 and 38: Quantifying evolution - paleolake m
Page 39 and 40: Oil gland chemistry as a source of
Page 41 and 42: The endosymbiont Wolbachia in fruit
Page 43 and 44: Clypeasteroid echinoids of the Indi
Page 45 and 46: What are conodonts? Suttner, T.J. 1
Page 47 and 48: Is Babesia still Babesia? Walochnik
Page 49 and 50: Sabine Agatha - Universität Salzbu
Page 51: Günther Raspotnig - Karl-Franzens-

4. Jahrestagung von NOBIS Austria 2. - 3. Dezember 2010

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?