J. Soszyska Systems reliability analysis <strong>in</strong> variable operation conditions - RTA # 3-4, 2007, December - Special Issuet ∈ ( −∞,∞),where( m )R kn , ln ( t,uv) ≅ ∑ p [ Rb=1b( m )kn , ln( t,u)]( b), t ∈ ( −∞,∞),is the multi-state limit reliability function of thatsystem , i.e. for n large enough we haveis the reliability function of a homogeneous regularmulti-state series- “m out of k ” system, where( m )n ln[ R k , ( t)]kn= − m∑i=0t∈(-∞,∞),( b)(kn( b))ln i ( b)ln ( kn −i)[1 − [ R ( t)]] [ R ( t)],iu = 1,2,..., z , b =1,2,...,v,is its reliability function at the operational statethen( m )R ( t,⋅)= [1, Rt ∈ ( −∞,∞),( m )n( t,1),...,R( m )( t,z)],zb,is the multi-state limit reliability function of thatsystem if and only if [7]lim k ln→∞n nF( b)( a( b)n( u)t + b( b)n( u),u)( b)= V ( t,u)for t ∈CV( b)(37)( u)u = 1,2,...,z,b =1,2,...,v.Proposition 3. If components of the multi-statehomogeneous, regular series- “m out of k ” system atz bthe operational state(i) have exponential reliability functions,( )R b ( t,u)= 1for t < 0,( b)( b)R ( t,u)= exp[ −λ ( u)t]for t ≥ 0,(38)u = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,(ii) k n → ∞ , lim − m = m = constant ,k nn→∞( b)1( b)(iii) an( u)= , b ( u)= 0( )n,bλ ( u)lnknu = 1,2,...,z,b =1,2,...,v,then( m )( m )( m )R2( t,⋅ ) = [1, R2( t,1),...,R2( t,z)],(39)t ∈ ( −∞,∞),where⎧ 1,t < 0,( m ) ⎪2 ( t,u)= ⎨miR vt(40)⎪∑pb∑ exp[ −t], t ≥ 0,⎩b=1 i=0 i!n(m)R kn l n,( t,u)⎧1,t < 0,⎪v m( b)⎪t − bn( u)∑ pb∑ exp[ − ]⎪( b)b= 1 i=0 an( u)⎪≅ ⎨⎪( b)⎪ t − bn( u)i[ ]⎪ ( b)an⎪⋅, t ≥ 0,⎩ i!⎧1,t < 0,⎪ v m( b)⎪∑p ∑⎪≅ ⎨= b exp[ tλ( u)l= nknb 1 i 0⎪⎪ ( b)i[ tλ( u)lnkn]⎪⋅, t ≥ 0.⎩ i!Proof. S<strong>in</strong>ce( b)( b)tan( u)t + bn( u)=( b)λ ( u)lnku = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,and( b)( b)tan( u)t + bn( u)=( b)λ ( u)lnku = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,nn< 0≥ 0therefore, accord<strong>in</strong>g to (38), we obta<strong>in</strong>( b)( b)( b)F ( an( u)t + bn( u),u)= 0u = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,andF( b)( a( b)n( u)t + b( b)n( u),u)for t < 0,for t < 0,for t ≥ 0,t= 1 − exp[ − ] for t ≥ 0,u = 1,2,...,z,k n l nb = 1,2,...,v.Hence, consider<strong>in</strong>g (37), it appears that( )V b( t,u)(41)- 194 -
J. Soszyska Systems reliability analysis <strong>in</strong> variable operation conditions - RTA # 3-4, 2007, December - Special Issue( b)( b)( b)= lim k l F ( a ( u)t + b ( u),u)= 0n→∞n nu = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,andnnfor t < 0,( )V b ( b)( b)( b)( t,u)= lim k l F ( a ( u)t + b ( u),u)n→∞n n= lim k l ( 1−exp[ − ])n→∞n nntk ln n= lim k l ( 1−1+− o())n→∞n ntk ln nntk ln n= t for t ≥ 0,u = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,which means that accord<strong>in</strong>g Lemma 3 the limitreliability function of that system is given by (39)-(40).The next auxiliary theorem is proved <strong>in</strong> [7].Lemma 4. If(i) lim k = k,k > 0, 0 < m ≤ k,lim l = ∞ ,n→∞nvnn→∞(ii) R ( t,u)= ∑ p R ( t,u)is a non-degenerateb=1b( b)reliability function,( m)( m)( m)(iii) ( t,⋅)[1, R ( t,1),...,R ( t,)],RRk n , l=,,znkn lnkn lnt ∈ ( −∞,∞),where( m)knlnv,( t)≅ ∑ pb[R ( t)]b=1( m)knln( b)is the reliability function of a homogeneous regularmulti-state series- “m out of k ” system, where[ R=( m)knln,( t,u)](kn)−11 −m ∑ ii=0( b)[ R( b)( t,u)]ln<strong>in</strong>[1 − [ R( b)t∈(-∞,∞), u = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,( t,u)]ln]kn −iis its reliability function at the operational statethenR ( t,⋅)= [1, R ( t,1),...,R ( t,z)],t ∈ ( −∞,∞),zb,lim[ Rn→∞( b)( a( b)n( u)t + b( b)n( u),u)]ln= R( b)0for t ∈ C , u = 1,2,...,z,b =1,2,...,v,( b)R ( u)0( b)( t,u)(42)where R0( t,u), u = 1,2,...,z,is a non-degeneratereliability function andR ( t,u)v m−1⎛k ⎞ ( b)i ( b)k −i= 1 − ∑ pb∑ ⎜ ⎟[R0( t,u)][1 − R0( t,u)](43)b=1 i=0⎝i ⎠for t ∈(-∞,∞), u = 1,2,...,z.Proposition 4. If components of the multi-statehomogeneous, regular series- “m out of kn” system atthe operational state z b(i) have exponential reliability functions,( )R b ( t,u)= 1for t < 0,( b)( b)R ( t,u)= exp[ −λ ( u)t]for t ≥ 0,(44)u = 1,2,...,z,b =1,2,...,v,(ii) k n → k, k > 0 , l n → ∞, m = const ,( b)1 ( b)(iii) an( u)= , b ( u)= 0( )n,bλ ( u)lnu = 1,2,...,z,b = 1,2,...,v,then( m)( m)( m)R9( t,⋅ ) = [1, R9( t,1),...,R9( t,z)],(45)t ∈(-∞,∞),where( m)R9( t,u)⎧1,⎪v m−1⎪ ⎛k⎞1 − ∑ pb∑ ⎜ ⎟ [exp[ −t]]≅ ⎨ b=1 i=0⎝i ⎠⎪⎪⎪k −i⎩⋅[1 − exp[ −t]],it < 0,t ≥ 0,(46)is the multi-state limit reliability function of thatsystem , i.e. for n large enough we haveR( m)9( t,u)is the multi-state limit reliability function of thatsystem if and only if [7]- 195 -
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ISSN 1932-2321RELIABILITY:Theory &
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e‐journal “Reliability: Theory&
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A.Blokus-Roszkowska Analysis of com
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S.Guze Numerical approach to reliab
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