A Landowner's Guide to Selling Standing Timber - the Ontario ...

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A LANDOWNER’S GUIDE TO SELLING STANDING TIMBERThis is only a brief introduction to the link between variousdegrees of shade tolerance and the regenerationrequirements of different tree species. For morecomprehensive information on the autecology 12 of treespecies and the different silviculture systems for southernOntario, you may want to read the Silvicultural Guide toManaging Southern Ontario’s Forests (see Appendix 1 –Where to go for Assistance).12Autecology – Refers to the study of the ecology of an individual tree species.52
A LANDOWNER’S GUIDE TO SELLING STANDING TIMBERAppendix 4:Glossary ofForestry Terms 13Buffer – a zone or strip of forest or land that shields onearea from another; commonly used for areas alongstreams and lakes or as a visual barrier.APPENDIX 4Advance Growth – young trees established naturally ina forest prior to harvest or other management treatment.Basal Area – the area, in square metres, of the crosssectionof a tree measured 1.3 metres above the ground.Biodiversity (biological diversity) – the varietyand variability among living organisms and ecosystems.s Includes differences within and between ecosystems,differences between species, and differences betweenmembers of the same species.s A high level of diversity within a species, which isknown as genetic diversity, helps the species survivemassive climatic and environmental changes, such asthose created by pollution or global warming.s Ecosystems with a high level of diversity are consideredto be healthy, more stable, and support a greaternumber of life forms.Board Foot – the unit of measurement used to describe thevolume of a log; one board foot measures 1 inch x 1 inch x12 inches. The abbreviation is fbm (foot board measure).Bole – the trunk of a tree.Breast Height – a standard measuring point on a treethat is 1.3 metres above ground level. On a slope, breastheight is measured on the uphill side of the tree.Butt End – of any log is the larger end; this term isalso used to identify the first log above the stump, i.e.the “butt log.”Canopy – an almost continuous layer of foliage formedby the crowns of older trees. Shades the layers ofvegetation below.Cavity Tree – a standing tree, dead or live, that has ahole or holes where wildlife can make nests or dens, orescape predators.Clearcut – a large opening created by cutting all the treesin one harvest; usually regenerates to an even-aged forest.Conifer – a tree which is “evergreen,” it has cones andneedles or scale-like leaves that are usually retained throughoutthe winter. Examples include pine, spruce, fir, cedar, and larch.The wood of conifers is referred to as softwood.Control Point – land features that may limit the choicesavailable for locating a forest access road.Den Tree – a tree having a hollow or cavity used byanimals for refuge or hibernation.13The definitions for Appendix 4 were adapted from the following sources: OMNR. 1998. A Silvicultural Guide for the Tolerant Hardwood Forest inOntario. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Queen’s Printer, Toronto. 500 pp. OMNR. 1997. Forestry Talk: A Glossary of Common Terms.Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Queen’s Printer, 8 pp.53
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