Chapter 3 Measuring biophysical quantities and the use of ... - TEEB

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The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: The Ecological and Economic FoundationsContentsKey messages .............................................................................................................. 31 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 41.1 Aim and scope of this chapter ...............................................................................41.2 Why are indicators needed? ...................................................................................51.3 What makes a good indicator? ...............................................................................62 Existing measures and indicators ........................................................................ 92.1 Indicators of diversity ..........................................................................................192.2 Indicators of quantity ...........................................................................................202.3 Indicators of condition .........................................................................................212.4 Indicators of pressures .........................................................................................232.5 Indicators of ecosystem services .........................................................................242.6 Lessons ................................................................................................................273 In search of relevant indicators for ecosystem services .................................. 283.1 Developing relevant indicators ............................................................................283.2 A provisioning service: timber production ..........................................................293.3 A regulating service: global carbon sequestration ...............................................313.4 A cultural service: social appreciation of agricultural landscape ........................323.5 Relevant indicators at local scales .......................................................................343.6 The way forward ..................................................................................................354 Link to valuation and further work .................................................................. 37References ................................................................................................................. 392
Chapter 3: Measuring biophysical quantities and the use of indicatorsKey messagesA lack of relevant information at different scales has hampered the ability toassess the economic consequences of the loss of ecosystems and biodiversity.Most of the current measures and indicators of biodiversity and ecosystemswere developed for purposes other than the economic assessment outlined byTEEB. They are therefore unable to show clear relationships betweencomponents of biodiversity and the services or benefits they provide topeople, making them less relevant to the audience and aims of TEEB.A reliance on these existing measures will in all likelihood capture the valueof only a few species and ecosystems relevant to food and fibre production,and will miss out the role of biodiversity and ecosystems in supporting the fullrange of benefits, as well as their resilience into the future.A set of indicators is needed that is not only relevant and able to convey themessage of the consequences of biodiversity loss, but must also be based onaccepted methods that reflect the aspects of biodiversity involved and theservice that is of interest, capture the often non-linear and multi-scalerelationships between ecosystems and the benefits that they provide, and beconvertible into economic terms.While it is possible to obtain preliminary estimates of the consequences ofbiodiversity and ecosystem loss using existing data and measures, these mustbe complemented with active research and development into the measurementof biodiversity and ecosystem change, their links to benefit flows and thevalue of these flows so as to realize the full value of biodiversity andecosystem management3
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Chapter 3 Measuring biophysical quantities and the use of ... - TEEB

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